~ame _ Class _Date __ . _

lIIinerals Guided Reading and Study

Properties of Minerals \= II'-l - 1='I).)._This section explains what mincrats are and 11Olf'tlley call be identified.

Use Target Reading Skills

As .'1011 read about properties of minerais. lise the hcadingsto complete theoutline below. .

Properties of Minerals

What Is a Mineral?

A Naturally Occurring

B. Inorganic

c.D. _. _

E. _

II.. Identifying Materials

A. Color

B._---,- .

c. ..

D. Density

E. _

F. _

G.

H. Special Properties

What Is a Mineral?1. Because minerals are formed by -processes that occur in the natural world,

they are said to be "

2. Complete the concept map that shows characteristics of minerals.

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Minerals • Guided Reading and Study

Date _ Class _

Properties of Minerals (continued)

'.:1" •~E3~

e. Use the concept map to write a definition of a mineral in your ownwords. You may use more than one sentence.

3. Because minerals do not come from living things, they are said to be ..4. A substance that keeps its shape because its particles can't flow freely isa(n) .

5. A solid with flat sides that meet at sharp edges and comers is called a(n)

'~

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Minerals Guided Reading and Study

, 6. Is the following sentence true or false? A mineral always contains certain

'Cif .elements in defi~te pr~portions. ~ __ ~ __ ~_

7. Is the following sentence true or false? Very few minerals are

compounds. _

8. A substance formed when two or more elements combine and lose their

distinct properties is a(n) .

9. In what two ways can elements occur in nature?

10. What are some examples of minerals that occur as elements instead of

conlpounds? ~---------------------

"'!',

Identifying Minerals11. Is the following sentence true or false? Geol?gists have identified about

300 minerals.

12. Is the following sentence true or false? Each mineral has its own specific

properties. ,J.....__ _

13. Why can't color alone be used to identify most minerals?

14. The color of a mineral's powder is its _

15. The term that describes how a mineral reflects ~ight from its surface is

16. Is the following sentence true or false? Minerals containing metals often

have a shiny luster. _

17. Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about the density of amineral.

a. A given mineral can have varying densities.

b. The larger the sample of a mineral, the greater its density.,c. Each mineral has a characteristic density.

d. The density of a mineral is its mass divided by its volume.

;~

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Name _ Date _ Class __

Minerals • Guided Reading and Study

Properties of t.\inerals (continued)

.18. what is the Mohs hardness scale? -'- :;__ ~ _

19. The softest known mineral is . The hardest known

mineralis .

20. Is the following sentence true or false? A mineral can scratch any

mineral harder than itself. __

21. Is the following sentence true or false? Each piece of a mineral has the

same crystal structure. _

22. How do geologists classify crystal structures? _

Match the term with its definition.

Term Definitiona. A mineral's ability to split easily

along flat surfaces

b. A mineral's ability to glow underultraviolet light

c. The way a mineral looks when itbreaks

23. cleavage

24. fracture

25. fluorescence

"

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Minerals • Review and Reinforce

(tZ. How Miner~ls Form t::' 1.~4 - P 1).1-Understanding Main IdeasComplete tileflowe/wrt below by fillillg in tile blanks.

1. heats water underground.

_ 2. and dissolve in the hot·

water to form solutions. - These·solutions follow cracks within the rock.

_ Elements and compounds leave the solutions during cooling and

3. as minerals. - The minerals form a narrow

channel or slab in the rock called a(n) 4. _

Al1swer thefollowillg questions ill the splices provided.

5. In general, what are the two ways in which minerals form?

6. Describe conditions in which large and small crystals are likely to form.y

. (:'1..•.-. ,~~

7. Describe how halite deposits f~rm.

Building VocabularyFill in the bla.l1k to complete each statement.

8. A(n) is a mixture III which one substance isdissolved in another.

9. A(n) is a rounded, hollow rock that is often linedwith mineral crystals.

10. The process by which atoms are arranged to form a material with a"

crystal structure is called _

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Minerals • Review and Reinforce

(it Mineral Resour~es F 130- f=' (3SUnderstanding Main IdeasFill in the blanks ill the table below.

Mlnar8l(s) Use(s)

tools, machinery, light-bulb filaments, steel girders1. ---,-

jewelry, decoration, mechanical parts, abrasives2. _

glass, electronic equipment3. ~ _

wallboard, cement, stucco4. _

(~.Anszoer thefollozoing questions in the spaces provided.

5. What are the three types of mines?

6. Describe the smelting of iron ore.

7. Why are alloys useful? Describe an example.

Building VocabularyFill in the blank to complete each statement.

8. A(n) is a solia mixture of two or more metals.

c\\t

9. A(n) is a rock that contains a metal oreconomically useful mineral.

10. A process in which an ore is melted to separate the useful metal from

other elements the ore contains is called _

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Minerals • Guided Reading and Study

Key Termst Use the clues to help you unscramble the key terms from Chapter 4. Then put thenumbered letters in order to find the answer to the riddle.

Clues Key Terms

1. It's how it looks when it breaks.

2. It contains two or more metals.

3. It could be shiny or pearly.

4. It was never alive.

5. It's the color of the powder.

6. It includes melting.

7. It has a repeating pattern.

8. It contains two or more elements.

9. It's valued because it's beautiful and rare.

10. It's a mixture.

11. It's how it splits.

12. It's composed of a single kind of atom.

Riddle: Why do some minerals glow?

Answer: _1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

"-."

tarfceur -----------1

ylaol ------2

rutels -------3

rincanoig -----------4

rsaekt -------5

temsilgn

ratlycs

--------6

--------7

pucnoodm ---------8

nsgoteem -----------9

situnloo10

elagveac11

teemlen12

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