AGENDA – WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 25TH Finish consciousness definition Begin sleep notes Homework: Continue “Sleep Journal”

tonight and reading quiz FRIDAY

CONSCIOUSNESS Awareness of yourself and your

environment Humans experience multiple “states of

consciousness”SleepingWakingMeditatingHypnosisDreamingDrowsinessFood or oxygen starvation

SLEEP Another state of consciousness Allows the body to restore and repair

itself We are far less aware of our selves and

surroundings, but we’re still experiencing consciousness!

CIRCADIAN RHYTHM Any biological process

that occurs in a 24 hour cycle

Examples: Temperature, Metabolism, Alertness, blood clotting, SLEEP

Teenagers: Most teenagers have a hard time falling asleep before 11:00 pm because of their shifting circadian rhythm cycle

TEENS AND SLEEP If you were to present these findings to

the school board, what three quotes or stats would you share?

CIRCADIAN RHYTHM Triggered by body’s production of

melatonin, which is the body’s sleep-inducing hormone

Increased production when it’s dark out Decreased production when it’s light out

SLEEP CYCLES AND STAGES

A single sleep cycle lasts for approximately 90 minutes

Includes five distinct sleep stages

SLEEP STAGES Sleep onset: You are

AWAKE, yet DROWSY (Alpha Waves)Have hallucinations or

envision thingsMyoclonic Jerks (twitches

or spasms) Stage 1: Theta Waves

First five minutes of sleep (very easy to wake)

SLEEP STAGES Stage 2 (Still Theta Waves!)

Lasts about 20 minutes (clearly asleep)Rapid bursts of brain activity (aka sleep

spindles)Half of all sleep takes place here!Sleep-talking can begin

Stages 3 & 4 (Delta Waves) 30 minutes totalThe lower the frequency waves, the deeper

the sleepGetting woken up Groggy and disoriented

SLEEP STAGES REM Cycle

Brain waves resemble Alpha waves Internally, you are alert (heart rate, eye

movement, etc.)Externally, you are paralyzedThis is when dreaming happens25% of your sleepMore frequent towards the end of the sleep cycle

SLEEP DISORDERS Insomnia—inability to fall asleep or stay asleep (None)

Sleep apnea—failure to breathe when asleep (All) (Stop breathing for up to 10 Seconds- hundreds of times a night)

Sleepwalking- Walking/Talking in sleep (No memory) (3,4)

Night terrors—sudden arousal from sleep and intense fear accompanied by physiological reactions (e.g., rapid heart rate, perspiration). (3,4)

REM sleep disorder—act out your dreams. (REM)

Narcolepsy—overpowering urge to fall asleep (REM)

Infographic on sleep!

Rusty- The narcoleptic Dog

Narcoleptic Brit Narcoleptic Girl

AND WORST OF ALL…Fatal Familia Insomnia Average onset of 50 Takes 7-18 mos.

Starts with Insomnia & inability to nap.Gradually lose ability to sleep.Effects: Hallucinations, Panic Attacks Phobias, & eventually severe dementia.

*Demonstrates the restorative & reparative function of sleep*

http://vimeo.com/60670141

http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/hss/livepsych/media/interface/index.htm?atitle=Stages%20of%20Sleep&id1=10_1&id2=10_2&id3=16_1&id4=16_2&id5=16_3&sid=16_3

http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/hss/livepsych/media/interface/index.htm?atitle=Stages%20of%20Sleep&id1=10_1&id2=10_2&id3=16_1&id4=16_2&id5=16_3&sid=16_3

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-zVCYdrw-1o

HYPNOSIS An altered state of consciousness (?) in

which suggestions can alter perceptions, feelings, thoughts, and behaviors of another person

HYPNOTIC SUGGESTIBILITY

One’s ability to be influenced by the suggestions of a hypnotist.

Varies among people.

“You are getting sleepy, very sleepy”“Your eyelids are getting heavy”“Your hands are cemented together, inseparable”“You are swaying back & forth, back & forth”

IMPORTANT CONCEPTS/IDEAS

Posthypnotic Amnesia: The forgetting of events that took place while hypnotized.

Age regression: The NON-EXISTENT ability to recall earlier memories (Hypnotist “plants” memories)

Posthypnotic suggestions: Suggestions that are carried out after the client awakens weight, stress, & headaches minimal help with addiction

Hypnotic Analgesia: The reduction of the perception of pain that occurs during hypnosis.

AGENDA – WEDNESDAY, MARCH 5TH Theories of hypnosis

NotesGroup story

Return Tests NEW Reading Guide Homework: AP Practice Exam FRIDAY

THEORIES OF HYPNOSIS

Role Theory(Social Influence Theory)

State Theory Dissociation Theory(Divided Consciousness

Theory)(Ernest Hilgard)

It is NOT an altered State of Consciousness! It is a social phenomenon in which people act how they think a hypnotized person should act. Hypnotic Suggestibility differs based on expectations about hypnosis. It is like someone at a party where non-alcoholic beer is being served, but people are told it is alcoholic. They will “act” intoxicated (not by choice), but because they have an EXPECTATION about how intoxicated people act.

Hypnosis IS an altered State of Consciousness! Evidenced by changes in perception of pain & dramatic health benefits that can result. AND, sometimes carry out behaviors, even when no one is watching. AND Brain functioning does change while hypnotized.

Example: Chandler from “Friends” began acting like a woman even while not sleeping because he listed to a tape that altered his behaviors

Our consciousness divides itself

One part gives into suggestions, but one part(a Hidden Observer) remains grounded in reality. Hypnotized individuals remain aware of a painful stimulus, they just dissociate (separate) themselves from the actual pain.

Example: Someone varies between having a painful broken leg and a moderately uncomfortable leg pain based on one state of consciousness is more dominant

AGENDA – MONDAY, MARCH 2ND Trade hypnosis stories Dream theories Drug notes Homework: Unit Exam THURSDAY

Juniors GOOD LUCK!

THEORIES OF HYPNOSIS With a partner (or on your own), create

a short story that describes somebody experiencing hypnosisDescribe the subject’s outward behavior

and history, the hypnotist’s actions, what the hypnotist says, etc.

Once you are done, switch stories and explain from each theory’s perspective WHY the person is behaving the way they are

DREAMING One of the most debated and unknown

topics within modern psychology What psychologists think…

We dream to satisfy our own internal desires

To dream to understand and keep memories from the day

We dream to refine our neural pathwaysWe dream because only certain portions of

our brain are active at nightWe dream as a means of improving our

cognitive development

DRUGS Psychoactive Drugs: Any drug or

substance that changes perceptions and moods by influencing neural connectors

PSYCHOACTIVE DRUGS Type #1: Depressants

Slow down bodily functions and neural behavior

Disrupts one’s memory, self-awareness, control, and motor skills

Examples: Alcohol, tranquilizers, opiates (heroin, morphine)

PSYCHOACTIVE DRUGS Type #2: Stimulants

Anything that excites neural activityVery addictive; usually results in a crash

(headaches, irritable, depressed, etc.)Examples: Caffeine, cocaine, meth, Ecstasy

PSYCHOACTIVE DRUGS Type #3: Hallucinogens (aka

Psychedelic)Distort one’s perceptions of reality by

evoking false sensory imagesAKA a person sees and experiences things

that don’t actually existExamples: LSD, Marijuana