Þ ß å Ã ¡t 4 ö á ð up o §t¡© r ´b y iÑ r i Þ á ð s n · e 7 e7 e7 e Þ ò sp upf ×...
TRANSCRIPT
u p
1
(
s
s
(
a w
b
c
e e e
2
6
e e g t e
e o ue e
p o u f
r e
o u e
o f e t w
e s u
f
( e
e f t e e
h i p p ue p
p f e
we u p f
e e u p t e
t
f e f
Ⅶ
e f t
t e
f
Ⅶ
e t
a w f
u Ⅶ
t b e
c f
Ⅶ
u w o t e t
p e t f
e t te
e t e u t
t f
3
e f
e f t
t e f e
t p pe g t
f r o e
e f p p
o f e e
e e e
f
e 6 62 6KC OPNH I 2B I FS
p 5 BG KCI
e3 7N O KK 633 e t
t
e p “ p pe
u r p f
e t e
a w e f
���1=�����B?�,.4��%A&I3
���K��OE���1=����9H�PM
Q#N�I3$(�0@
R>7!D�2 �������
S:/8+$(�5'
T*-����1=����PM$(�0@
���1=�����6#�J)!D�<+
�������F" �;L���B?�,.4��CGI3
5/AR*9K%
�$.5(OBC�ZLG2��!���>����4)%���������YW�����U0-�(O�=
��!��Q)%���NJEXH8P@�37?��"#�!�,M1
�:I�!�� ���PD-�V6-�BC
�BC��:I�!�� ���;�FI��!��������T���+�&�������,M-S<�'�
4
e
p f r e p
e e 82: 6 : 1DB IHKF u DO NBD
2EEHBHDKBS e u p t uo f e
p pe
f e p
o t f
a w
u sp pe
f b c
o f
u
t b e
c f
b
w p o e
p p f e u p
ea
u f
c
peb p
f e
f e p p
u p p t e p
p f
u w o t e t
p e t f e
p f e t
u e e p
f
5
f
l ( m
h i eh
i f e h u i
eh i f e t
p pe g t f
e ha w i e
e f
l ) m
( e eh u
i f ea g t
ehb i f e p
hc i f
l m
e eh
i s pebc u w o t e
t p e t f
6
f e r e
p p f ea
w e e
e y e
p pe f
e e u
f
e pw pw t
t u f e
o f
e u f e p
u e u
u f e e u
e pw
u f
e e s e
u f u p
p u f
7
(
e e
e e e t u w h
i pw uo p f pw t
e e e p
e uo f e�������������������"��$
&%# � �����"! ��"�
8
66
s e o f
e eh i f
u e u h i p p f
s eh i p
f p h i
e t f e
t p pe g t
f e ha w i e
e
f eh u i p e
f p e
f
e e
f
t t e
f
A t p pe g t
f r o
���1=�����B?�,.4��%A&I3
���K��OE���1=����9H�PM
Q#N�I3$(�0@
R>7!D�2 �������
S:/8+$(�5'
T*-����1=����PM$(�0@
���1=�����6#�J)!D�<+
�������F" �;L���B?�,.4��CGI3
5/AR*9K%
�$.5(OBC�ZLG2��!���>����4)%���������YW�����U0-�(O�=
��!��Q)%���NJEXH8P@�37?��"#�!�,M1
�:I�!�� ���PD-�V6-�BC
�BC��:I�!�� ���;�FI��!��������T���+�&�������,M-S<�'�
9
e e f p p
o f e
e f
B 6 62 6KC OPNH I 2B I FS
p 5 BG KCI
e3 7N O KK 633 e
t t
C p “ p pe
u r p f •
e f
e t
a w f
e p f e
p pe
f e p
o t f
a w
sp pe
f o f
p e f e
u p e
f e p e f
e e p e
f
u
e e “
f
b
f p
e f
e f
c
10
p e s e
e f p e
e
f
11
s
e p f h i p “ u
o e w p p
f e u o f e
h i ue
f
e h i p f
se r f
f e t
uo f
e o o e
uo f r e o p r e
p ue p uo f
12
s
t uo
u
p
e:0
e u o f
e C RK PP f
C RK e p f
e e e f
e e
t f e p e
f e
t ( f
f se p e (
p f e (
u f s e o f
PP e 46 p e w
e o
e f
o f )(
s e r u f
e s ( o f
13
w s e w p f e
e s t e
p f
C RK PP e
e C RK u p f
C RK
- 4 3 -
0510152025303540
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
2010
その他
鉄
木材
砂利・砕石
コンクリート
0510152025303540
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
下水道ダム漁港港湾空港鉄道道路建築物
(万トン)
[billion ton]
[billion ton]
14
[1] e e
pf e e uo f
e o u we u pf
e e e u
p f
e e w 2 uo
u p f e w u
o t e e f
e e w
f
e e
e 3 u y f sp e
uo f u o e
o [2]f e
p p e2 f e o
r re e h i
f
e e f t e u
e Gibbs |ΔG| u p f seGibbs
e o e f
e Sene
eGibbs f e
Cene e Gibbs e
A 1 f
e e s p
1 m2 -5 f
Zn ZAM Ceneue Zn Cene p t
eCene e o u f e s
p e o Au p t e
p u f
o ue e o
u f
pe e e
e [3] e s
p
-6 f e t
15
u t f e sp w p
u t f e p “r f
e e 50 PJ/year e
s 5% o f e w
s e u f
-5 1 m2
-6 s
16
p e
e7 e7 e7 e
sp u p f
p e r
p u o f e
e e p f
s e
e e
u o f p u
p p t e o f e
o e p f
p e9F BGH DP I sp
w u p f e
f
t o s
t o s
t o s
e e t o s
p e u p
o ep u f
p e e u w p p f e
p u
u pf e
p u u pf e p e s
u uo e
p u r t
e u f
17
o e o
f e s e t u
p t e p o f p
e p ue
p pf e e
eh i f r
s e p p f
e t w p
f e f
e u t ) ) s e
( t ) p f e
t p ue g s e
o f u r s e
u p u f
h i
物質ストック(○○)
排出量
(環境白書・H24物質フロー図)
退蔵量 現役量
建築物(○○)
道路 (○○)
他社会基盤(○○)
耐久消費財(○○)
蓄積量
土石系(○○)
金属 (○○)
化石(○○)
木材(○○)
18
A
(百万トン)
物質ストック17,223
建築物:7539道路:3999
他社会基盤:5685耐久消費財:NA
その他:NA
木材:371砂利・砕石:7611コンクリート:8741鉄:473 その他:NA
(百万トン)
物質ストック28,227
建築物:7539
道路:3999
他社会基盤:5685耐久消費財:NA
その他:NA
木材:597
砂利・砕石:12843
コンクリート:13912
鉄:854 その他:NA
19
Ⅰ
e p e s
e f e e e
e e e e o f se we
s e :5 we s
f
p e t e
p p e f e s
p e p
e s p
e s p
s p f
s e f
20
e e
f y p
ue o p f e
e fh i i
s e u f u
e u e u e u
t e u f e u e
u fh ii 41: i e 41:
o e 41: h i
r o f pue e
41: u f u sp
41: u fh iii i e
s e u sp
f t e p p p e
sp e uo f u w e
w r e uo f
21
a b
i ii 41: iii
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
資源生産性[万円/ ton]
年
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
循環利用率[%]
年
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
最終処分量[M ton]
年
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
10 15 20 25 30
総物質投入量[M ton]
物質ストック [G ton]
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
10 15 20 25 30
実質GDP[triillion yen]
物質ストック [G ton]
0
4
8
12
16
20
物質ストック/ 総物質投入量
年
22
e p f e
o p e f s p o f
Ⅶ ) ( - (-
Ⅶ
ⅦProf. Liselotte Schebek e e
ⅦSchebek u p e
f
Ⅶ ) ( - -
Ⅶ
Ⅶ e
Ⅶ p e f
Ⅶ ) ( - (-
Ⅶ
Ⅶ e
Ⅶ p e f
Ⅶ ) ) - -
ⅦStoweflake Conference Center, Stowe, VT, United States
ⅦProf. Heinz Schandl(Commonwealth Scientific Industrial Research Center, Australia)eProf. Fridolin
Krausmann(IFF / Social Ecology Institute, Alpen-adolia Universtat, Austria)e eTomer Fishman
Ⅶh i e u p
f
Ⅶ ) - -
Ⅶ
Ⅶ e
23
Ⅶ e p pe
f
Ⅶ ) - -
Ⅶ
Ⅶ e
Ⅶ e u f
(
Ⅶ ) - -
Ⅶ
Ⅶ e
Ⅶ p e f
)
Ⅶ ) - - e - -
Ⅶ
Ⅶ e e e
Ⅶ tt pe f
Ⅶ ) - -
Ⅶ ES ISIE SEM-AP 2016 International Conference
ⅦProf. Heinz Schandl(Commonwealth Scientific Industrial Research Center, Australia)e
e e e e e e
Ⅶh i u e r f
Ⅶ ) - (-
Ⅶ
Ⅶ e
Ⅶ e p pe
f
24
Ⅶ ) - )-
ⅦPadova University, Italy
ⅦProf. Mario(Padova University, Italy)e eAlessio Miatto
Ⅶ u e
f
Ⅶ ) - (-
ⅦCSIRO, Canberra, Australia
ⅦProf. Heinz Schandl(Commonwealth Scientific Industrial Research Center, Australia)e
Ⅶ p pe f
Ⅶ ) - -
Ⅶ
Ⅶ e e
Ⅶ tt pe f
Ⅰ
Ⅶ ) ( - -
Ⅶ
Ⅶ e
Ⅶ e u f
Ⅱ
Ⅶ ) (- (-
Ⅶ
Ⅶ e e e e
Ⅶ e u
f
Ⅲ
Ⅶ ) - (-
Ⅶ
Ⅶ e e e e
25
Ⅶ e p
u f
Ⅳ
Ⅶ - -
Ⅶ
Ⅶ e e e e
Ⅶ e
p u f
e f
1) Tomer Fishman, Heinz Schandl, Hiroki Tanikawa: Stochastic Analysis and Forecasts of the Patterns of Speed,
Acceleration, and Levels of Material Stock Accumulation in Society, Journal of Industrial Ecology, DOI:
10.1021 / acs.est.5b05790, 2016.
2) Alessio Miatto, Heinz Schandl, Tomer Fishman, Hiroki Tanikawa: Global Patterns and Trends for Non-Metallic
Minerals used for Construction, Journal of Industrial Ecology, DOI:10.1111/jiec.12471, 2016.
3) e e Ⅶ
22, 89-100 , 2016.
4) Ichiro Daigo, Leo Fujimura, Hideo Hayashi, Eiji Yamasue, Satoshi Ohta, Tran Duc Huy, Yoshikazu Goto:
Quantifying the total amounts of tramp elements associated with carbon steel production in Japan. ISIJ Int.
57(2), 2017.
5) Ichiro Daigo, Kohei Iwata, Masahiro Oguchi, Yoshikazu Goto: Lifetime distribution of buildings decided by
economic situation at demolition : D-based lifetime distribution. Procedia CIRP (accepted) 2017.
6) e e e Ⅶ
eVol.45(4), Dec, 2016.
7) Ichiro Daito: Material Stock and the End-of-life Recycling Rate of Steel, Steel Construction: Today &
Tomorrow, No.46, pp.9-12e2015.
8) Oguchi M., Fuse M.: Regional and longitudinal estimation of product lifespan distribution: A case study for
automobiles and a simplified estimation method, Environmental Science and Technology, Vol.49, pp.1738-
1743, 2015.
1) Keisuke Yoshida, Keijiro Okuoka, Hiroki TaniakwaⅦStudy of Anthropogenic Disturbance with
Geomorphologic ChangeeThe 12th Biennial International Conference of EcoBalancee2016.10.3-6, Kyoto,
Japan
26
2) Ikko NonakaⅦAnalyzing the influence of zoning on urban metabolism, using 4d-GIS eThe International
Society for Industrial Ecology (ISIE) joint 12th Socio-Economic Metabolism section conference and 5th Asia-
Pacific conferencee2016.9.28-30, Nagoya, Japan
3) Satoshi OnoⅦAn evaluation of efficient usage of herbaceous biomass using the road networkeThe
International Society for Industrial Ecology (ISIE) joint 12th Socio-Economic Metabolism section conference
and 5th Asia-Pacific conferencee2016.9.28-30, Nagoya, Japan
4) Marianne Faith G. Martinico-Perez (Nagoya University), Tomer Fishman, Emee Tan, Keijiro Okuoka, Hiroki
Tanikawa, Anthony Sf ChiuⅦMaterial Flow and Stock Accounts in the Philippines: Drivers and Impacts to the
EnvironmenteThe International Society for Industrial Ecology (ISIE) joint 12th Socio-Economic Metabolism
section conference and 5th Asia-Pacific conferencee2016.9.28-30, Nagoya, Japan
5) Keisuke Yoshida, Tomer Fishman, Okuoka Keijiro, Hiroki TanikawaⅦAutomatic spatial detection and
estimation of domestic extraction and hidden material flowseThe International Society for Industrial Ecology
(ISIE) joint 12th Socio-Economic Metabolism section conference and 5th Asia-Pacific conferencee2016.9.28-
30, Nagoya, Japan
6) Alessio Miatto, Heinz Schandl, Tomer Fishman, Hiroki TanikawaⅦLifespan modelling uncovers urban stock
and flow behavioureThe International Society for Industrial Ecology (ISIE) joint 12th Socio-Economic
Metabolism section conference and 5th Asia-Pacific conferencee2016.9.28-30, Nagoya, Japan
7) Tomer Fishman, Shohei Kuroda, Keijiro Okuoka, Kenji Sugimoto, Hiroki TanikawaⅦShedding light on
material stocks: towards a global database of the built environment using satellite imagery eThe International
Society for Industrial Ecology (ISIE) joint 12th Socio-Economic Metabolism section conference and 5th Asia-
Pacific conferencee2016.9.28-30, Nagoya, Japan
8) Yi Dou, Satoshi Ohnishi, Minoru Fujii, Liang Dong, Takuya Togawa, Hiroki Tanikawa, Tsuyoshi FujitaⅦ
Regional Planning and Assessment System for Heat Exchange Network between Incineration Facilities and
Industries: Case of Tokyo MetropoliseThe International Society for Industrial Ecology (ISIE) joint 12th
Socio-Economic Metabolism section conference and 5th Asia-Pacific conferencee2016.9.28-30, Nagoya,
Japan
9) Cuc Thi Nguyen, Hiroki Tanikawa, Keijiro Okuoka, Tomer FishmanⅦEvaluation Material Stock of
Roadways: The Case Study of VietnameThe International Society for Industrial Ecology (ISIE) joint 12th
Socio-Economic Metabolism section conference and 5th Asia-Pacific conferencee2016.9.28-30, Nagoya,
Japan
10) Dong Yang, Chang Chen, Feng Shi, Keijiro Okuoka, Hiroki Tanikawa ,Yiling GuoⅦA Study on Metabolism
of Urban Buildings by Using 4D-GIS in Hubei Province, ChinaeThe International Society for Industrial
Ecology (ISIE) joint 12th Socio-Economic Metabolism section conference and 5th Asia-Pacific conferencee
2016.9.28-30, Nagoya, Japan
11) Serika Akiyama, Keijiro Okuoka, Hiroki TanikawaⅦAnalysis of amount and age of material stock in building
in NagoyaeThe International Society for Industrial Ecology (ISIE) joint 12th Socio-Economic Metabolism
section conference and 5th Asia-Pacific conferencee2016.9.28-30, Nagoya, Japan
27
12) Kengo Matsui, Keijiro Okuoka, Hiroki TanikawaⅦConstruction minerals for a low-carbon society: stocks and
flows analysiseThe International Society for Industrial Ecology (ISIE) joint 12th Socio-Economic Metabolism
section conference and 5th Asia-Pacific conferencee2016.9.28-30, Nagoya, Japan
13) Takaya Yamashita, Keijiro Okuoka, Hiroki TanikawaⅦMaterial stock and flow in the WGreater Tokyo e
The International Society for Industrial Ecology (ISIE) joint 12th Socio-Economic Metabolism section
conference and 5th Asia-Pacific conferencee2016.9.28-30, Nagoya, Japan
14) Hiroki Sato, Hiroki Tanikawa, Keijiro OkuokaⅦSpatial Analysis of Building Lifespan and 19 Distribution of
Building Age in Kitakyushu City with Geo-informationeThe International Society for Industrial Ecology
(ISIE) joint 12th Socio-Economic Metabolism section conference and 5th Asia-Pacific conferencee2016.9.28-
30, Nagoya, Japan
15) Kenji Sugimoto, Shohei Kuroda, Keijiro Okuoka, Hiroki TanikawaⅦMaterial stock estimation using nighttime
lights dataeThe International Society for Industrial Ecology (ISIE) joint 12th Socio-Economic Metabolism
section conference and 5th Asia-Pacific conferencee2016.9.28-30, Nagoya, Japan
16) Chansophea Cheak, Hiroki Tanikawa, Keijiro Okuoka, Tomer Fishman, Suguru SuzugakiⅦMaterial and
Energy Flow of Electricity Generation in CambodiaeThe International Society for Industrial Ecology (ISIE)
joint 12th Socio-Economic Metabolism section conference and 5th Asia-Pacific conferencee2016.9.28-30,
Nagoya, Japan
17) Mitchell Cua Castillon, Tanikawa Hiroki, Okuoka Keijiro, Yoshida Keisuke ⅦCalculation of Mining
Anthropogenic 17 Disturbance Using Remote Sensing in Caraga Region, Philippines eThe International
Society for Industrial Ecology (ISIE) joint 12th Socio-Economic Metabolism section conference and 5th Asia-
Pacific conferencee2016.9.28-30, Nagoya, Japan
18) A. Miatto, T. Fisherman, H. Schandl, H. Tanikawa ⅦLifespan Modeling Uncovers Urban Stock
Accumulation and Outflow Forecast BehavioureIndustrial Ecology Gordon Research Conference e
2016.6.19-24, Vermont, United States of America
19) T. Fisherman, H. Schandl, H. Tanikawa ⅦDo Countries Reach a Saturation of Material Stock?eIndustrial
Ecology Gordon Research Conference e2016.6.19-24, Vermont, United States of America
1) Ⅶ e 30
13 2016.12.5
2) Ⅶ e 30
13 2016.12.5
3) ― Ⅶ
e 30 13
2016.12.5
4) Ⅶ LiDAR p e 30
13 2016.12.5
28
5) , , , Ⅶ
e 2016 , , 2016.9.8-9,
6) , , ( ), Ⅶ s
e 2016 , , 2016.9.8-9,
7) , , Ⅶ
e 2016 , , 2016.9.8-9,
8) . , Ⅶ
e 2016 , , 2016.9.8-9,
9) ― , , , Ⅶ p
e 2016 , , 2016.9.8-9,
10) , , , Ⅶ w
e 2016 , , 2016.9.8-9,
11) Ⅶ s
e 28 ― , 2016.6.11
BKC
12) ― Ⅶ p e
28 ― , 2016.6.11 BKC
13) Ⅶ s
e 28 ― , 2016.6.11
BKC
14) , , , Ⅶ n
ne 12 GIS , ,
2016.5.26-27,
15) , , , Ⅶ w
MISO n ne 12 GIS
, , 2016.5.26-27,
29
In order to better understand the effects of resource consumption on the natural environment, the research field of
material flows and stock accounting offers systematic methods of analysis. The material flow in Japan calculated by
the Ministry of Environment covers inflow and outflow, and net addition of stock(NAS), however it doesn’t indicate
the material stock which has been accumulated in society. Material stock is closely related to services provided to
society and the resource value recycled from output o demolish of stocks. This research focuses on the importance of
material stock to achieve welfare, and aims to evaluate the time-series quantity of material stock in four steps, for the
sake of the necessity of knowledge and information to clarify the material stock accumulated in Japan. In the first
step, cases and patterns are collected domestically and internationally in order to examine adaptability to Japan. They
are segmented and classified on the basis of structural objects and instruments. In the second step, several
methodologies to evaluate material stocks quantitatively are presented evolved from the qualitative assessment in the
first step. The specific case studies are examined based on each case. In the third step, in order to measure actual mass
of material stock by year, a method of statistical processing is established on a high level which fits national census
requirements. Additionally, the question of how to figure out material stock is examined at a practical level. In the
last step, the establishment of a stock-type society and its effects on environmental and economical aspects is
evaluated. Analysis of the driving forces of material stock reveals the linkage between welfare and material stock.
The knowledge accumulated with these steps can contribute to integrate three kinds of societies: low carbon society,
sound material-cycle society, and natural symbiosis society. This study builds a material stock and flow model, and
presents Sankey diagrams for the visualization of the results.
w e
u p f r
p ue p pf
p f
e t e t
e sp f
e e f t
t e f
e e e t
w f
e u e t
e
f e e
u w o t e t p
e t f e u
t t f
30
(
e p f h i p “ u
o e w p p
f e u o f e
h i ue
f
e h i p f
se r f
f e t
uo f
e e t
e re
r f f
31
s
t uo
u
p
e:0
r “
#$%� " ! ��
���
& ��'
t����
t�����
t�� ��& ����� �'
t�������
� " ! ��� ���� �����������
32
r “
r “
“
.
. t
0 1
1
2 0
3 46
��
��
����E�
���
����B���
���
�������F)
�C)
�D)
�A)
33
e u o f e
re f
p e e f
4
e e 4 e e e e
p e f e e f p e
e we s e f
-3
-3
― -3
34
p e e p b
f se p e
ue u u
t p t e f
p f
eh i
h i p f h
e i
o e ( p f e
e e ) s e p f
(
p
p
p
e
99 u t eh i
uo e
t te t f
u t e u p o ue p -6 f
se u p p eh i f99
1 95 h33 i re 96
97~99 r p pfh33 i o ue
e e o e p r
p e r p pf
se 1958 t ue u 1959 e1963 e1968 3 s
e 1968 p p f e1958 t 1967 p
35
99 p f eh
s i eDevelopment
Engineering Volume21,2015 p p o f
)
p
A
A
A
Ⅰ A
Ⅱ A
Ⅲ A
Ⅳ A
A
B
C(6)
E(1)
E(1)
E(1)
Ⅰ E(1)
Ⅱ C(6)
Ⅲ E(1)
Ⅳ E(1)
E(1)
E(1)
E(1)
B
C(3)
C(1)
Ⅰ C(2)
Ⅱ C(6)
Ⅲ C(5)
Ⅳ C(4)
C(6)
A
36
A
A
A
Ⅰ E(2)
Ⅱ s E(2)
Ⅲ E(2)
Ⅳ E(2)
E(2)
E(2)
Ⅰ E(2)
Ⅰ E(2)
Ⅰ E(2)
Ⅰ E(2)
ⅠⅠ s E(2)
ⅠⅡ D(4)
ⅠⅢ D(4)
ⅠⅣ D(5)
Ⅰ D(7)
Ⅰ D(6)
Ⅱ D(7)
Ⅱ D(7)
Ⅱ D(7)
Ⅱ D(7)
ⅡⅠ s E(3)
ⅡⅡ D(7)
ⅡⅢ E(3)
ⅡⅣ s
D(7)
Ⅱ D(3)
Ⅱ D(3)
Ⅲ D(3)
Ⅲ D(3)
37
Ⅲ e s
D(3)
Ⅲ D(1)
ⅢⅠ D(1)
ⅢⅡ D(1)
ⅢⅢ D(1)
ⅢⅣ D(1)
Ⅲ D(1)
Ⅲ D(1)
Ⅳ e s D(1)
Ⅳ D(2)
Ⅳ D(2)
Ⅳ e s
D(2)
ⅣⅠ D(4)
ⅣⅡ E(4)
ⅣⅢ 18 E(4)
ⅣⅣ E(4)
Ⅳ E(4)
Ⅳ E(4)
E(4)
E(4)
E(4)
p
E(5)
Ⅰ u w E(5)
Ⅱ E(5)
Ⅲ E(5)
Ⅳ E(5)
E(5)
E(5)
E(5)
E(5)
E(5)
38
p
E(6)
Ⅰ E(6)
Ⅱ E(6)
Ⅲ
Ⅳ
s
(
f
AⅦ eBⅦ eCⅦ eC(1)Ⅶ eC(2)Ⅶ eC(3)Ⅶ e
C(4)Ⅶ eC(5)Ⅶ eC(6)Ⅶ eDⅦ eD(1)Ⅶ eD(2)Ⅶ
eD(3)Ⅶ eD(4)Ⅶ eD(5)Ⅶ eD(6)Ⅶ eD(7)
eEⅦ eE(1)Ⅶ eE(2)Ⅶ e
E(3)Ⅶ eE(4)Ⅶ eE(5)Ⅶ eE(6)Ⅶ
p
39
e 2 f
5
AⅦ eBⅦ eCⅦ eDⅦ eEⅦ
a 13
AⅦ eBⅦ eC-1Ⅶ C(1 eC-2Ⅶ C(2) C(3) e
C-3Ⅶ C(4) C(5) eC-4Ⅶ C(6) e
D-1Ⅶ D(1) D(2) D(3) D(4) eD-2Ⅶ D(5) e
D-3Ⅶ D(6) eD-4Ⅶ D(7) e
E-1Ⅶ E(1) E(2) E(3) E(4) e
E-2Ⅶ E(5) eE-3Ⅶ E(6)
e p e t f
e p p peSn=EXP[-(n/λ)α] f
p λeα ehMeasurement of Depreciation Rates based on Disposal Asset Data in
Japani Koji Nojima and Fumio Momose, September29,2008 hTable8.Estimated Weibull
Distribution and Average Service Livesi e e p p
f e u p e eo p
u p p hOheri t p f se
t u p t e ow o e
u f
-7 s o f
40
p
λ α
AⅦ e Office Building 35.4 1.61
BⅦ Paved roadways 23.9 1.52
CⅦ Recreation/training facilities 46.5 1.87
C-1Ⅶ Recreation/training facilities 46.5 1.87
C-2Ⅶ Paved roadways 23.9 1.52
C-3Ⅶ Oil/gas tank facilities and pipelines 33.8 1.81
C-4Ⅶ Electoric power plants 26.3 1.73
DⅦ Other vehicles for own use 19.4 2.31
D-1Ⅶ Other vehicles for own use 19.4 2.31
D-2Ⅶ Other household electric appliances 14.0 1.84
D-3Ⅶ Electric lighting fixture 15.9 1.49
D-4Ⅶ Metal furniture and furnishing, fixtures 14.6 1.68
EⅦ Other metal products 15.2 1.81
E-1Ⅶ
Other metal products 15.2 1.81
E-2Ⅶ Other metal products 15.2 1.81
E-3Ⅶ Other metal products 15.2 1.81
ⅦMeasurement of Depreciation Rates based on Disposal Asset Data in Japani Koji Nojima and
Fumio Momose, September29,2008
e t o e a
p f
se e u f u 1958 t e
u p p t e o ue 2000
p u p u o f
41
p f e e
p e t p p f 4 p e h 22
t s
i h -3.1 Ⅶkg/ i
2001 p f se f -8 s f
-8
73.0% 7.8% 8.2% 2.5% 8.5%
p e(1) s e t s e
t e p pf
e 1 e p e1000kg/ f
42
e e p f 4 p e e p e
h 22 i h 9 ()i p f se h i f e
p eh 2006 Ⅶ
TMR w Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, Japane2 4 e341-346i h i f t
e -9 s f
-9
55 % 3% 26% 16%
51% 3% 32% 14%
31% 20% 13% 36%
6.4 % 16.9% 69.0% 7.5% 0.3%
p e(1) s e t s e
t e p pf
e 1 e p -10 f
-10 1 o
1 o kg/
70
70
40
0.1
43
e p f
l m h i Ⅶ h i
h i p f e e e
LED f eLED p 2012 t
t p e p pf se o h i p u pue u w
t p ph i p p f e w
s e2015 160 p t e
ru f 4 p e h
Q&A 2011 7 8 i p f -11 se
e u p ue p p
e3 u p o e sp
p f e u p p o f e
ue u pf t e e e
h eA 60W 15 i -12 f
e. ) (
g
30
1
19 o 22-
29
1
0.67
- 0.67
o
0.67
o
0.005
44
g
300-
400(P
a)
o
PBT,PET 5
17
α
u
5
PBT,PET 12
8 o
0.4
0.4
Ⅶ h Q&A 2011 7 8i p
PBT,PET,
54g 17g
e u pue o e
p pf e e u f se ue p u we4
p r f
45
l m HP o h i p f1981
2011 h s i p f 2011f
2012 e e 2 f d
2012 2013 h s ie20142015 h s i p f
pf d o
2012 2015 p h i p f e20132015 p u p p t e e p f
e p eh 24 24
2013 3 25i p f eh i h
Q & A( 26 6 , 27 10 ”, 28 4 ”)i f
Ⅶkg/kW
EVA,PET, , ,
100
81%
15
12%
8
7%
46
l m ue 2 2
f s e e pw uo f
l m
h
Ⅶ i e 17 17f
e t o e a
p f
p e s e e2 p p ue
u g p e
f u p u t f e u p e
p pw uo r f
p e 17 p ue u
1981 t t e1998 u p pf e
2 u p p p t e
p r f
47
p f
h e i
p f e t p eh i h
i f u s o f
e t f e p
p peSn=EXP[-(n/λ)α] f p λeα
ehMeasurement of Depreciation Rates based on Disposal Asset Data in Japani Koji Nojima and
Fumio Momose, September29,2008 hTable8.Estimated Weibull Distribution and Average Service
Livesi e e p p f e
t u p t e ow o e
u f
e hPower wiring systemsi o eU=20.6eT=1.59f
e t o e a
p f
se e u f e u
HP 2002 t o t e2002
p e p r f
e p u h i
u f
48
w p f se e p
o ue s u p e p
p f
h l m i
p f e e e te
t e e h i
e5 f 4 e h i h e i p
f e ess 3 1 e p
H13,H14,H16,H17,H19,H20,H22,H24 p e t λ
f eH26,H27 p eH25 p f
p e e e e p
eh i h i f e
e e e o p e
2.35t/ e 2.35t/ e 0.6t/ p
p f se h i w o e
u p uo u f e e
p e r t e
f
h
e e NO.671/ -18,35-48,2001.2 i s p
f
e t o e a
p f
se e u f w u ue
wt uo ue4 uo
o 2000 f
49
p f
Ⅶ
1990 13.6 1.5 3.0 19.3 34.6 71.8
1995 10.0 1.2 2.7 15.6 29.4 58.9
2000 10.3 1.4 1.9 15.4 27.8 56.8
2005 10.0 1.0 1.6 18.8 24.2 55.7
2010 7.8 0.8 1.2 17.3 17.4 44.4
2014 9.4 0.8 1.3 15.2 19.0 45.7
2015 8.9 0.7 1.1 14.6 17.6 43.0
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
�����
���
�����
������
�������
��
�