© Dr Adnan Gutub

EthicsEthicsDr Adnan Gutub

© Dr Adnan Gutub

OutlineOutline

• What are Ethics?

• Protection of Rights

• Professional Ethics & Computer Ethics

• Moral & Ethical Problem

• Ethical Guidelines & Framework

• Conclusion

© Dr Adnan Gutub

Everything that is moral

Everything that is legal

EthicalEthicalAll that is moral and

legal

Legal but immoral:Smoking in public

discrimination

Moral but illegal: Exceeding Speed limit

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What are Ethics?What are Ethics?

• System of legal morals

• Moral – capable to distinguish between right and wrong

• A system that guides towards actions good for all

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You can't teach me ethics!

I learned all my values .....on my mother's knee

.....in kindergarten

.....from religion

You can move fromlower to higher levelsof moral reasoning

"daddy says it is wrong” - fear of punishment

"my friends won't like me" - peer pressure

"eating ham is wrong” - moral principles

© Dr Adnan Gutub

•Ali, an old friend, •calls you on the phone to say that he is in town. •staying at the Holiday Inn for a night while on a business trip for Aramco, his employer company. •Ali asks if you would like to get together and talk over old times. •You meet in the hotel lobby, and later decide to eat together in the hotel restaurant. •When the bill comes you offer to pay your share, but Ali says no, he can charge the meal to his room. •Aramco will pay, he says. •Ali will pretend you were a business client.

Honesty: Ali Dinner Story

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Ali later contacts you.....

1 to ask if you will give him a reference for a job

2 to ask for a reference for a job as a financial controller where he will be handling a lot of cash

3 to apply for a job as the financial controller of the company that you own

© Dr Adnan Gutub

Are Human Rights Protected?

Basic Rights

LIBERTY RIGHTS

Things that I have that no one else should take from

me

WELFARE RIGHTS

Things that I do not have that someone else should give to

me

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Are Human Rights Protected?Basic Rights

LIBERTY

The duty not to remove rights, such as the right to:

Privacy

Freedom

Free Consent

Freedom of Conscience

WELFARE

The duty to provide rights, such as the right to:

Employment

Housing

Food

Education

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Are Other Rights Protected?

• Future Generations• Different Cultures• Animals• Plants• The Earth

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employer

society

clients

Other professionals

professionSpecialization details

Which comes first?

Which has priority?

What happens when you cannot satisfy these different

constituencies?

Professional EthicsProfessional Ethics

© Dr Adnan Gutub

Computing Professional (IEEE & ACM)

•Accept responsibility in making decisions

consistent with safety, health, and welfare of

public• Avoid conflicts of interest•Be honest and realistic in stating claims or

estimates•Improve understanding of technology•Take task qualified only•Offer, accept, and seek honest criticism of

technical work. and avoid harming•Acknoledge and correct errors•Credit properly others contributions•Be fair with all persons

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Computer Ethics Issues

Privacy

Security

AccuracyInformationcorrectness

Access

Technology data

Property

Physicalintellectual

Data

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Moral & Ethical Problems

Hacking, cracking, and viruses

Can it be justified??

freedomprotect your self

see your weakness culture

Software Piracy

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Analysis

TotalBenefits

TotalHarms

Do the benefits exceed the harms?At the end-point, what is the balance?

© Dr Adnan Gutub

Respect privacy of others and do not share your account.

Respect copyrights and lows.

Obey network guidelines in any system.

Do not use facilities for unauthorized purposes.

Do not use resources for personal commercial issues.

Computing Ethics Guidelines

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A Framework for Ethical Analysis

Who are affected?

What are the outcomesof the proposed solution to the problem?

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End Point Ethics

Do the totalbenefits exceedthe total harms?

Rights

Are humanrights

protected?

Rule Ethics

Are the harms andbenefits fairly andjustly distributed?

Test of Disclosure

How will the solutionlook if headlined

in the newspaper?

Social Contract Ethics

Are partners, readyto swap positionswith each other?

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Ethics Examples

• Administrator Delimma

• Software Licensing: Stuck in middle

• Conflicts:• with your boss to tag a price.

© Dr Adnan Gutub

Understand culture, social, legal issues related to computing.

Expect different ethical difficulties.

Hold to highest possible ethical standards.

Use your internal ethical sense.

Wrong ethical choices begins with short-term self-interest.

Trust ethics from life experience.

Be patient, living ethically need strong sincere motivation.

ConclusionsConclusions