Spring Final Review

Multiple ChoiceIdentify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 1. In what stage do plants make spores?a. gametophyte c. photosynthesisb. sporophyte d. vascular

____ 2. What is found in club mosses, but not in mosses?a. vascular tissue c. frondsb. gametophytes d. spores

____ 3. What is an underground stem from which new leaves and roots grow?a. rhizoid c. rhizomeb. fiddlehead d. frond

____ 4. Gymnosperms and angiosperms botha. have flowers. c. lack seeds.b. have seeds. d. have fruit.

____ 5. Major food crops such as corn, wheat, and rice area. nonvascular plants. c. gymnosperms.b. seedless plants. d. angiosperms.

____ 6. What is the major difference between monocots and dicots?a. the colors of the flowers c. the size of the seedsb. the number of the cotyledons d. the scent of the flowers

____ 7. Water loss in a leaf is prevented by thea. upper epidermis. c. lower epidermis.b. cuticle. d. vascular tissue.

____ 8. A stem that is soft, thin, and flexible is called aa. woody stem. c. herbaceous stem.b. soft stem. d. growth ring.

____ 9. Photosynthesis uses sunlight to make food from water anda. carbon monoxide. c. carbon dioxide.b. oxygen. d. sodium bicarbonate.

____ 10. What could happen if a plant’s phloem does not work correctly?a. Photosynthesis will not take place.b. The plant might be short of water.c. The plant might be short of food.d. The plant will not be able to dissolve minerals.

____ 11. Which of the following takes water and minerals from the roots to the shoot?a. phloem c. flowersb. xylem d. leaves

____ 12. The two stages of a plant life cycle area. roots and stems. c. rhizome and rhizoid.

b. gametophyte and sporophyte. d. sporophyte and seed.

____ 13. A full-grown tree is an example of aa. cotyledon. c. gametophyte.b. leaf. d. sporophyte.

____ 14. What plants get water and nutrients from rhizoids?a. mosses c. buttercupsb. conifers d. angiosperms

____ 15. What cell part captures energy from the sun to make food?a. chloroplasts c. cell membranesb. cell walls d. vacuoles

____ 16. What does xylem do?a. carries food c. carries water and mineralsb. dissolves minerals and food d. grows longer roots

____ 17. What is the female part of a flower called?a. pistil c. antherb. filament d. stamen

____ 18. During cellular respiration, what do plant cells use to produce energy from food?a. sunlight c. waterb. sugar d. oxygen

____ 19. Photosynthesis is important becausea. plants need air to breathe.b. it makes the plants green.c. photosynthetic organisms form the base of most food chains.d. without it, the Earth would all be desert.

____ 20. The process in which a sperm cell fuses with an egg in the ovary is calleda. germination. c. pollination.b. fertilization. d. asexual reproduction.

____ 21. After fertilization takes place in a flower, the ovary develops into aa. vegetable. c. fruit.b. seed. d. leaf.

____ 22. What does a seed need to germinate?a. air, wind, and water c. sugar, water, and soilb. water, air, and warm temperatures d. soil, water, and sun

____ 23. If a plant is tipped on its side, the shoots will likelya. turn and grow upward.b. grow toward the ground.c. grow to the side the plant is tipped.d. stop growing altogether.

____ 24. When the seasons change, some plants respond to changes ina. the amount of chlorophyll in the leaves.b. rainfall.c. the length of day and night.

d. temperature.

____ 25. Root tips of most plants grow toward the center of the Earth. This action is aa. negative phototropism. c. negative gravitropism.b. positive phototropism. d. positive gravitropism.

____ 26. Leaves turn orange and yellow in fall becausea. they have more orange and yellow pigment in the fall.b. their green chlorophyll breaks down.c. longer days cause the color change.d. orange and yellow are easier to see in the cool weather.

____ 27. Stomata are important because theya. begin photosynthesis. c. play a role in gas exchange.b. break down chlorophyll. d. feed the plant.

____ 28. Deciduous trees shed their leavesa. during the wet season.b. to survive long periods without rain.c. at different times during the year.d. when the weather is warm.

____ 29. Plants that bloom when nights are long are calleda. long-day plants. c. evergreen plants.b. short-day plants. d. deciduous plants.

____ 30. Which of the following lists the three ways in which plants reproduce asexually?a. germination, pollination, fertilizationb. seeds, sprouts, leavesc. plantlets, tubers, runnersd. chlorophyll, photosynthesis, transpiration

____ 31. By which process do plants make their own food from carbon dioxide and water?a. cellular respiration c. chlorophyllb. transpiration d. photosynthesis

____ 32. Why are many plants green?a. Plant cells are green. c. Chlorophyll reflects green light.b. Plants absorb green light. d. Rigid cell walls are green.

____ 33. What is a collection of similar specialized cells called?a. organ c. invertebrateb. embryo d. tissue

____ 34. What kind of behavior is being demonstrated when a killer whale teaches its baby to hunt?a. seasonal cycle c. courtshipb. estivation d. parenting

____ 35. What are the daily cycles that control an animal’s schedule?a. estivation c. seasonal cyclesb. circadian rhythms d. migration

____ 36. What is a period of reduced activity during hot weather called?a. courtship c. hibernation

b. migration d. estivation

____ 37. Walking is an example ofa. an innate behavior. c. a survival behavior.b. a seasonal behavior. d. a learned behavior.

____ 38. The relationship between a worm and a robin can be expressed asa. vertebrate: invertebrate. c. producer: consumer.b. prey: predator. d. prokaryote: eukaryote.

____ 39. When a bee does the “waggle dance” to direct other bees toward a food source, what is it using to communicate?a. singing c. body languageb. alarm pheromones d. grooming

____ 40. Which of the following is an example of innate behavior?a. a human taking piano lessonsb. a chimpanzee learning sign language from its trainerc. a bee flyingd. a police dog finding drugs in a suitcase

____ 41. The internal control of an animal’s natural cycles is calleda. estivation. c. a biological clock.b. hibernation. d. migration.

____ 42. Which of the following could be a result of living in a group?a. spotting predators more slowlyb. being less visible to predatorsc. hunting and killing smaller preyd. hunting and killing larger prey

____ 43. Which of the following is NOT an example of a consumer?a. A panda eating bamboo. c. Algae using the sun’s energy.b. A raccoon eating a fish. d. A butterfly drinking nectar.

____ 44. What kind of communication is body language?a. touch c. sightb. sound d. chemical

____ 45. Which of the following is NOT something all animals do?a. reproduce c. eatb. have specialized parts d. hibernate

____ 46. How are innate behaviors inherited?a. through learned behavior c. through seasonal cyclesb. through genes d. through hibernation

____ 47. What is an area occupied by an animal or group of animals called?a. a territory c. a distractionb. a pheromone d. a competition

____ 48. Which list contains organisms that are NOT animals?a. giraffes, grizzly bears, starfishb. fish, spiders, birds

c. slugs, kangaroos, monkeysd. cactuses, bacteria, mushrooms

____ 49. What is the body of a roundworm like?a. long, slim, and round c. spongelikeb. fat and thick d. tentacled

____ 50. Which of these is a trait of all cnidarians?a. stinging cells c. regenerationb. ocean dwelling d. hard skeletons

____ 51. What do the bodies of all annelid worms have in common?a. They are segmented. c. They are flat.b. They are round. d. They have radial symmetry.

____ 52. From what characteristic do arthropods take their name?a. complex nervous system c. specialized partsb. jointed limbs d. exoskeleton

____ 53. What is an endoskeleton?a. flexible skeleton c. internal skeletonb. external skeleton d. spiny skeleton

____ 54. What is a water vascular system?a. series of canals filled with fluid c. closed circulatory systemb. open circulatory system d. nerve ring

____ 55. What kind of echinoderms may have hundreds of arms?a. sea cucumbers c. sea urchins and sand dollarsb. sea stars d. sea lilies and feather stars

____ 56. What makes sea cucumbers unique from other echinoderms?a. their feet c. their wormlike shapeb. their arms d. their spines

____ 57. What kind of echinoderms have a shell-like endoskeleton?a. sea cucumbers c. brittle stars and basket starsb. sea stars d. sea urchins and sand dollars

____ 58. What controls the movement of a sea star’s arms?a. radial nerves c. spinesb. tube feet d. sieve plate

____ 59. What kind of circulatory system pumps blood into sinuses?a. open circulatory system c. closed circulatory systemb. water vascular system d. open vascular system

____ 60. What is the spiny part of an echinoderm?a. chelicerae c. skeletonb. mandibles d. skin

____ 61. What is an endoskeleton?a. internal skeleton c. group of sharp spinesb. external skeleton d. shell

____ 62. When the two sides of an animal’s body mirror each other, it is calleda. radial symmetry. c. asymmetry.b. bilateral symmetry. d. segmented.

____ 63. A simple eye can detect light. What can a compound eye detect?a. an image c. darknessb. more light d. vibrations

____ 64. Where do most animals digest food?a. vascular system c. circulatory systemb. gut d. coelom

____ 65. Which of these is NOT a function of neurons?a. carrying messagesb. helping animals sense the environmentc. digesting foodd. helping animals move

____ 66. Which of these is NOT sensed by a tarantula’s bristles?a. pressure c. chemicalsb. motion d. an image

____ 67. What is an exoskeleton?a. hard external structure c. extra-strong skeletonb. loose frame d. brittle shell

____ 68. All arthropods have specialized parts, jointed limbs, an exoskeleton, anda. a well-developed nervous system.b. antennae.c. wings.d. mandibles.

____ 69. Which of these can be a parasite?a. earthworm c. sea cucumberb. fluke d. arachnid

____ 70. What does a sponge use to digest food particles?a. gut c. osculumb. collar cells d. thorax

____ 71. What do parasites feed on?a. material in soil c. living animalsb. dead animals d. each other

____ 72. What do jellyfish and coral both have?a. tube feet c. stinging cellsb. skeletons d. wings

____ 73. What do bristles help an earthworm to do?a. feed c. moveb. sleep d. stay clean

____ 74. What helps a sea star to move, eat, and breathe?a. simple nervous system c. endoskeleton

b. water vascular system d. closed circulatory system

____ 75. What is a mandible?a. claw c. mouthpartb. foot d. nerve cell

____ 76. Which kind of metamorphosis is less complicated?a. reproduction c. regenerationb. incomplete metamorphosis d. complete metamorphosis

____ 77. Which of the following is NOT a class of fishes?a. bony c. pharyngealb. jawless d. cartilaginous

____ 78. Which of the following is NOT a group of amphibians?a. salamanders c. caeciliansb. lizards and snakes d. frogs and toads

____ 79. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of amphibians?a. They are endotherms. c. They can live in water and on land.b. They have thin skin. d. They breathe through their lungs.

____ 80. What helps reptiles to reduce their water loss?a. They have thick, dry skin. c. They are endotherms.b. They can walk on land. d. They breathe through their skin.

____ 81. How do scales help fishes swim?a. They remove oxygen from the air.b. They help fishes steer, stop, and balance.c. They protect the body and lower friction.d. They remove carbon dioxide from the blood.

____ 82. How do amphibians breathe?a. through their gills and lungb. through their gills and skinc. through their pharyngeal pouches and lungsd. through their lungs and skin

____ 83. Which of the following traits make reptiles suited to life on land?a. They are ecological indicators.b. They have thin skin to absorb oxygen.c. They are endotherms.d. They lay amniotic eggs.

____ 84. Which of the following is NOT a group of reptiles?a. tuataras c. caeciliansb. turtles and tortoises d. snakes and lizards

____ 85. What are the most common reptiles in the world today?a. tuataras c. caeciliansb. turtles and tortoises d. snakes and lizards

____ 86. When a female fish lays unfertilized eggs in the water and the male drops sperm on them, it is calleda. external fertilization. c. embryonic fertilization.

b. internal fertilization. d. amniotic fertilization.

____ 87. Which of the following is a jawless fish?a. lamprey c. skateb. goldfish d. shark

____ 88. Which is NOT a trait of bony fishes?a. They have a swim bladder. c. They are eel-like.b. They can rest without swimming. d. They have a bony skeleton.

____ 89. How do reptiles usually reproduce?a. internal fertilization c. metamorphosisb. external fertilization d. unfertilized eggs

____ 90. What gives a contour feather its shape?a. crop c. gizzardb. down d. barbs

____ 91. What is the purpose of the bird’s air sacs?a. to allow the bird to breatheb. to take the place of lungsc. to maintain a constant supply of air, whether the bird is inhaling or exhalingd. serve no purpose in modern bird species

____ 92. What is a bird’s keel?a. the large breastbone that anchors flight musclesb. a rigid skeletonc. bones that shape the wingsd. part of the bird’s digestive system

____ 93. What keeps whales, and other mammals that live in cold oceans, warm?a. fur c. thick skinb. blubber d. scales

____ 94. Insectivores can be found on every continent excepta. North America and South America c. Antarctica and Africab. Australia and Asia d. Australia and Antarctica

____ 95. What is the purpose of a camel’s hump?a. It cools the camel in the hot desert.b. It stores water for dry periods.c. It is extra muscle that enables the camel to travel for long distances.d. It is stored fat that provides energy when food is scarce.

____ 96. What is the only food the koala eats?a. insects c. eucalyptus leavesb. mice d. bamboo shoots

____ 97. In a female mammal, this gland provides milk for the young.a. diaphragm c. mammaryb. endotherm d. protein

____ 98. What advantage did early mammals have over reptiles?a. Mammals depend on their surroundings to keep warm.

b. Mammals were larger than most reptiles.c. Mammals looked for food only during the day.d. Mammals were endothermic, so they could hunt at night.

____ 99. Animals whose body temperature stays constant because of internal chemical changes area. reptiles. c. ectotherms.b. endotherms. d. amphibians.

____ 100. What is unique about the way in which marsupials are born?a. They are born months after fertilization.b. They are born at a late stage of development.c. They continue their development in a mother’s pouch.d. Their mothers lay eggs in tunnels near rivers.

____ 101. To which of the following categories does an ostrich belong?a. flightless birds c. water birdsb. perching birds d. birds of prey

____ 102. To which of the following categories does an osprey belong?a. flightless birds c. water birdsb. perching birds d. birds of prey

____ 103. Many marsupials are endangered by non-native species anda. habitat destruction. c. changing climate.b. acid rain. d. wolves.

____ 104. A bird’s streamlined body surface is created bya. down feathers. c. contour feathers.b. the keel. d. the crop.

____ 105. Birds that have good night vision, sharp claws, and a curved beak, and eat other vertebrates area. water birds. c. perching birds.b. birds of prey. d. flightless birds.

____ 106. Which of the following placental mammals has opposable thumbs, forward-facing eyes, and a large brain?a. cetaceans c. carnivoresb. insectivores d. primates

____ 107. Which of the following is a water bird?a. robin c. blue-footed boobyb. kiwi d. owl

____ 108. How does a mammal’s brain differ from the brains of other animals of the same size?a. The mammal’s brain is smaller.b. The mammal’s brain is bigger.c. The mammal’s brain is not as complex.d. The mammal’s brain does not stay awake at night.

____ 109. What word describes the mammals, fish, birds, and plants that live in an environment?a. abiotic c. the biosphereb. the population d. biotic

____ 110. Which of the following is abiotic?a. a gar c. grass

b. an alligator d. water

____ 111. Organisms that can make their own food from sunlight are calleda. decomposers. c. producers.b. consumers. d. carnivores.

____ 112. Grass is eaten by a prairie dog. The prairie dog is eaten by a coyote. This is an example ofa. an abiotic element. c. a herbivore.b. an omnivore. d. a food chain.

____ 113. One food web arrow goes from a prairie dog to a coyote, showing thata. the coyote is bigger. c. the prairie dog eats the coyote.b. the coyote eats the prairie dog. d. the prairie dog is a producer.

____ 114. Without wolves, Yellowstone Park hada. too many elk. c. too many rabbits.b. too much grass. d. too many cows.

____ 115. The largest population an environment can support is itsa. carrying capacity. c. population.b. limiting factor. d. symbiosis.

____ 116. One type of competition involves individuals competing for resources. The other involves competition between differenta. organisms. c. environments.b. populations. d. relationships.

____ 117. Rocks, temperature, and water are what part of the environment?a. biotic c. populationb. abiotic d. living

____ 118. Which is an example of an abiotic element changing an area?a. introducing a new type of grass c. two species of birds competingb. water flooding the area d. algae growing on crabgrass

____ 119. In a food web arrows point in just one direction because they showa. which animal is bigger.b. which animals are related.c. how energy goes to the animal that is eating.d. how energy goes to the animal that is eaten.

____ 120. After one species disappears, the other species in the ecosystema. benefit. c. die.b. are thrown out of balance. d. are unaffected.

____ 121. Limiting factors determine an area’s carrying capacity becausea. the number of animals is limited. c. animals need resources to survive.b. ecosystems are small. d. the number of animals is unlimited.

____ 122. The plants a ladybug lives on, the aphids the ladybug eats, and the birds that would eat the ladybug are alla. biotic elements of an ecosystem. c. producers.b. predators. d. abiotic elements of an ecosystem.

____ 123. Herbivores, carnivores, and omnivores are all

a. decomposers. c. predators.b. producers. d. consumers.

____ 124. Animals that eat a variety of meats, fruits, and vegetables area. producers. c. omnivores.b. carnivores. d. herbivores.

____ 125. A scientist studying the way egrets, herons, and crabs interact, who is not interested in abiotic factors such as the rocks, water, and temperature, is studying what level of environmental organization?a. population c. communityb. ecosystem d. biosphere

____ 126. What level of organization comes after population?a. biosphere c. communityb. organism d. ecosystem

____ 127. What living things make food from sunlight?a. consumers c. decomposersb. parasites d. producers

____ 128. What happened to other living things when the wolves no longer lived in Yellowstone?a. They were better off. c. They died.b. They were out of balance. d. They were not changed.

____ 129. Which of the following is a symbiotic relationship where organisms help each other?a. parasitism c. organismb. mutualism d. predator

____ 130. What kind of elk do wolves kill?a. the strong and healthy c. the old, injuried, and diseasedb. the smart and quick d. the energetic and fast

____ 131. How do most animals get the carbon they need?a. through photosynthesis c. by eating plantsb. through respiration d. through transpiration

____ 132. Bacteria break down organic matter and return carbon dioxide and water to the environment. This is an example ofa. combustion. c. nitrogen fixation.b. transpiration. d. decomposition.

____ 133. Primary succession begins in an area composed ofa. fertile soil. c. bare rock.b. farm crops. d. mosses and lichens.

____ 134. Which would most likely be a pioneer species?a. conifers c. crab grassb. lichens d. hardwoods

____ 135. Why is nitrogen important to living things?a. to transport foodb. to change substances to simpler moleculesc. to build new cellsd. to cool the body

____ 136. Why is the carbon cycle important to living things?a. It transports the materials cells use for energy.b. It converts nitrogen to a usable form.c. It converts carbon from a liquid to gas.d. It transports wastes in organisms.

____ 137. What important function do bacteria in the soil have?a. respiration c. photosynthesisb. nitrogen fixation d. biodiversity

____ 138. A mature community alwaysa. grows in a desert. c. has little biodiversity.b. has well-adapted organisms. d. is destroyed by insects.

____ 139. Which of the following statements about groundwater is true?a. It is an important part of the water cycle.b. It is trapped inside rocks.c. It is not involved in the water cycle.d. It is formed by evaporation.

____ 140. What is the first step in rock changing to soil?a. Insect remains make soil.b. Acids from lichens break rocks up.c. Decomposing grasses create soil.d. Mosses replace lichens.

____ 141. The first plants to grow on abandoned farmland would bea. ferns. c. mosses.b. shrubs. d. weeds.

____ 142. What do all organic molecules contain?a. oxygen c. waterb. nitrogen d. carbon

____ 143. Where does primary succession begin?a. in a place with only rocks c. in a place with cropsb. in a place with trees d. in a place with weeds

____ 144. What plant will most likely grow first in secondary succession?a. pine tree c. crab grassb. lichen d. hardwood tree

____ 145. Which of the following best describes a plant that is suited to being a pioneer species?a. tall; produces few seedsb. grows quickly; makes many seedsc. fragile; cannot tolerate direct sunlightd. grows slowly; seeds dispersed by animals

____ 146. Which of the following is an abiotic factor in a biome?a. the kinds of trees c. the average temperatureb. the number of insect species d. the mosses and algae

____ 147. Which of the following is a biotic factor in a biome?

a. the quality of soil c. the presence of ponds and lakesb. the amount of rainfall d. the kinds of grasses

____ 148. The base of the ocean’s food chains is formed bya. blue whales. c. plankton.b. coral reefs. d. sargassum.

____ 149. Which is NOT a key abiotic factor in marine ecosystems?a. water temperature c. amount of sunlightb. water depth d. amount of plankton

____ 150. The ocean floor, some parts of which get no sunlight, is thea. intertidal zone. c. oceanic zone.b. neritic zone. d. benthic zone.

____ 151. The area where the sea floor drops sharply and contains the deep water of the open ocean is thea. intertidal zone. c. oceanic zone.b. neritic zone. d. benthic zone.

____ 152. Which is NOT an example of how an organism adapts to living in fast-moving water?a. Algae attach to rocks. c. Fish live in mud.b. Insects live under rocks. d. Tadpoles use suction disks.

____ 153. A lake may become a forest whena. there is a severe drought. c. water rarely enters it.b. a swamp becomes a marsh. d. it fills with sediment over time.

____ 154. Which of the following is a biotic factor in a biome?a. kinds of birds c. types of rocksb. amount of rainfall d. bodies of water

____ 155. The speed of water is an important abiotic factor in a freshwater ecosystem becausea. a tributary has different plants than a river.b. faster water has a higher salt content.c. animals must adapt so they are not washed away.d. animals cannot live in fast-moving water.

____ 156. One important abiotic factor in marine ecosystems is thea. amount of plankton. c. kinds of algae.b. water depth. d. size of animals.

____ 157. Most of the nutrients in a tropical rain forest are found in plants, soa. the rain forest soil is very rich.b. there are few plants on the forest floor.c. there are few animals in the rain forest.d. the rain forest soil is nutrient-poor.

____ 158. From where does plankton get food?a. small fish c. photosynthesisb. insects d. whales

____ 159. Which describes the littoral zone of a lake or pond?a. an area with no sunlightb. an area with no animal life

c. an area with no plant lifed. an area closest to the edge of a lake or pond

____ 160. Prairies, steppes, and pampas are types ofa. chaparral. c. deserts.b. tundra. d. grasslands.

____ 161. Which of the following statements about savannas is true?a. During the wet season, savannas receive little rain.b. Savanna inhabitants include large herbivores.c. Savannas are characterized by steep mountains.d. Savannas are rainy year round.

____ 162. A major abiotic factor that affects freshwater ecosystems isa. wildlife. c. speed of water.b. amount of plankton. d. elevation.

____ 163. What is permafrost?a. dry desert soil c. ice on the tundrab. muddy soil d. soil that is always frozen

____ 164. How does a swamp differ from a marsh?a. It has salt water. c. It has many birds.b. It has trees. d. It has very wet soil.

____ 165. Which lake zone is closest to the land’s edge?a. open-water zone c. littoral zoneb. deep-water zone d. tributary zone

____ 166. Advances in medicine and in farming have increaseda. human population growth. c. renewable resources.b. biodiversity. d. exotic species.

____ 167. An example of habitat destruction isa. planting trees. c. clearing a tropical rain forest.b. cleaning up oil spills. d. preventing nonpoint-source pollution.

____ 168. Because conservation means using fewer natural resources and reducing wastes, it helpsa. slow overpopulation and grow food.b. prevent habitat destruction and reduce pollution.c. prevent biodiversity and destroy species.d. stop exotic species and create habitats.

____ 169. What is the preservation and wise use of natural resources called?a. conservation c. habitatsb. ecology d. biodiversity

____ 170. The process of recovering valuable or useful materials from waste or scrap is calleda. recycling. c. rebuilding.b. renewing. d. reducing.

____ 171. Conserving wetlands and reducing deforestation will helpa. protect habitats. c. eliminate exotic species.b. stop air pollution. d. slow overpopulation.

____ 172. Three ways to conserve resources are reusing, recycling, anda. rebuilding. c. reducing.b. rethinking. d. renewing.

____ 173. Pollution can affect humans by causinga. measles and mumps. c. colds and flu.b. mumps and cancer. d. cancer and respiratory problems.

____ 174. Developing alternative energy sources will reduce our need fora. cars. c. fossil fuels.b. electricity. d. habitats.

____ 175. Pollution can be reduced if people recycle and buya. new cars. c. fossil fuels.b. recycled products. d. used cars.

____ 176. Conservation helpsa. prevent habitat destruction and reduce pollution.b. prevent biodiversity and destroy habitats.c. prevent disease and increase pollution.d. end exotic species invasion and use up resources.

____ 177. Which of the following is NOT an example of a renewable resource?a. solar energy c. some kinds of treesb. wind energy d. coal

____ 178. Aside from gases, noise, garbage, and radioactive wastes, what is another kind of pollution?a. deforestation c. biodiversityb. chemicals d. exotic species

____ 179. Which of the following is an unwanted change in the environment that is caused by harmful substances?a. conservation c. nonrenewable resourcesb. garbage d. pollution

____ 180. What is an organism’s home called?a. a habitat c. a houseb. an environment d. a neighborhood

____ 181. What are some farmers doing to help the environment?a. not planting crops c. watering their crops moreb. practicing organic farming d. watering their crops less

____ 182. What organisms make homes for themselves in new places?a. predator species c. endangered speciesb. animal species d. exotic species

____ 183. Many scientists believe that increased global temperatures are due toa. increased carbon dioxide. c. decreased pollution.b. increased PCBs. d. decreased chemicals.

____ 184. Hazardous wastes can catch fire, wear through metal, explode, ora. create smoke. c. freeze soil.b. melt ice. d. make people sick.

____ 185. What are the most diverse habitats on Earth?a. tundras c. desertsb. deciduous forests d. tropical rain forests

____ 186. What might be lost if people continue to waste resources and to pollute?a. natural habitats c. factoriesb. solar power d. wind power

____ 187. Why is paper packaging better for the environment than plastic?a. because paper is more expensive c. because paper is biodegradableb. because paper is bulky d. because paper is smaller

____ 188. What does homeostasis maintain in the body?a. a changing internal environment c. a changing external environmentb. a stable internal environment d. a stable external environment

____ 189. A collection of two or more tissues that work together to perform a function is calleda. an organ. c. a cell family.b. a tissue team. d. nervous tissue.

____ 190. The type of tissue that supports and protects organs isa. epithelial tissue. c. muscle tissue.b. nervous tissue. d. connective tissue.

____ 191. What type of muscle is found only in the heart?a. cardiac muscle c. skeletal muscleb. smooth muscle d. biceps muscles

____ 192. A muscle that straightens part of your body is calleda. a long muscle. c. a flexor.b. an open muscle. d. an extensor.

____ 193. What do people do during resistance exercise?a. steady activity c. run in placeb. slow stretches d. work against weight

____ 194. A strain is an injury in which a musclea. becomes weaker. c. is overstretched or torn.b. becomes swollen. d. has been warmed up.

____ 195. A function of the hair follicle is toa. change hair color. c. store fat.b. cool skin. d. make hair.

____ 196. In which of the following ways does hair help your body?a. It protects the tips of fingers and toes.b. It protects skin from ultraviolet light.c. It absorbs moisture.d. It traps cool air around the body.

____ 197. Muscles are connected to bones by strands of tough connective tissue calleda. ligaments. c. tendons.b. collagen. d. cartilage.

____ 198. A disease of the skeletal system that causes bones to become weak or to break easily is calleda. osteoporosis. c. arthritis.b. tendinitis. d. cancer.

____ 199. Your body moves food through the digestive tract by usinga. smooth muscle. c. extensor muscle.b. cardiac muscle. d. flexor muscle.

____ 200. Damage to the genetic material in your skin cells can result in a serious disease calleda. epilepsy. c. cancer.b. arthritis. d. hypertension.

____ 201. Hair forms at the bottom of aa. nail root. c. nail.b. nerve ending. d. hair follicle.

____ 202. Which joint allows you to move your arm around freely in all directions?a. hinge joint c. rotating jointb. ball-and-socket joint d. gliding joint

____ 203. Skin cancer is caused by damage to skin cells’a. genetic material. c. nail roots.b. follicles. d. lunula.

____ 204. What gives hair its color?a. new cells c. keratinb. collagen d. melanin

____ 205. A person may have a greater chance of getting skin cancer if he or she hasa. oily skin. c. light skin.b. sensitive skin. d. dark skin.

____ 206. Your skin has the ability toa. change colors. c. increase body temperature.b. repair itself. d. shrink.

____ 207. How many bones does the average adult human skeleton have?a. 57 c. 3048b. 206 d. 12

____ 208. Which of these is an example of resistance exercise?a. dancing c. weight liftingb. skiing d. jogging

____ 209. What muscle can you use to bend your forearm toward your shoulder?a. extensor muscle c. triceps muscleb. biceps muscle d. smooth muscle

____ 210. What are two types of circulation of blood in the body?a. lymphatic and respiratory c. oxygen and carbon dioxideb. heart and blood vessels d. pulmonary and systemic

____ 211. Which is NOT considered a cardiovascular problem?a. stroke c. hyperactivity

b. heart attack d. atherosclerosis

____ 212. The main components of blood area. systolic and diastolic.b. antibodies, antigens, and pathogens.c. plasma, RBCs, WBCs, and platelets.d. A, B, AB, and O.

____ 213. Which of the following are blood pressures inside large artery walls when heart ventricles contract and relax?a. systolic and diastolic c. RBC and WBCb. antibody and antigen d. plasma and platelet

____ 214. Which of the following are blood types?a. systolic and diastolicb. antibodies, antigens, and pathogensc. plasma, RBCs, WBCs, and plateletsd. A, B, AB, and O

____ 215. Which of the following is NOT a respiratory disease?a. asthma c. SARSb. emphysema d. hypertension

____ 216. Which of the following are the two types of blood circulation in the body?a. systolic and diastolic c. RBC and WBCb. pulmonary and systemic d. plasma and platelet

____ 217. Which of the following are blood types?a. V, W, XY, and Z c. A, B, CD, and Ob. X, Y, XY, and Z d. A, B, AB, and O

____ 218. Which of the following is NOT a part of the respiratory system?a. bronchioles c. tracheab. alveoli d. capillaries

____ 219. The contraction of the diaphragm and rib muscles and expansion of the chest cavity are part of which process?a. cellular respiration c. inhalationb. all respiration d. exhalation

____ 220. Which muscle contracts to begin the process of inhaling?a. lungs c. diaphragmb. pharynx d. bronchus

____ 221. Oxygen-poor blood from the body returns to the heart’sa. left ventricle. c. left atrium.b. right ventricle. d. right atrium.

____ 222. Which of the following is true of people with blood type AB?a. Their blood contains A+B antigens.b. Half of their red blood cells have A antigen, half have B antigen.c. Their blood can be given to a person with type O blood.d. They can receive blood from people with type A, type B, or type O blood.

____ 223. What do thick, elastic walls allow large arteries to do?

a. change shape due to blood pressureb. store bloodc. support large valvesd. prevent blood from returning to the heart

____ 224. What system includes the heart and blood vessels?a. digestive system c. cardiovascular systemb. lymphatic system d. respiratory system

____ 225. What do blood vessels do?a. pump blood c. exchange gasesb. fight disease d. carry blood

____ 226. What are the two types of circulation?a. systolic and diastolic c. RBC and WBCb. pulmonary and systemic d. plasma and platelet

____ 227. Heart attacks and hypertension are problems of which body system?a. cardiovascular c. lymphaticb. respiratory d. digestive

____ 228. What is the trachea?a. a tube that connect the throat and lungsb. the vocal cords in the throatc. a tiny air sacs in the lungsd. the passage from the mouth to the larynx

____ 229. The right side of your heart pumps blood that needsa. oxygen. c. nitrogen.b. carbon-dioxide. d. hydrogen.

____ 230. The left side of your heart pumps blood into your arteries at high pressure. Therefore, those arteries havea. valves. c. thin walls.b. rigid walls. d. thick walls.

____ 231. Capillaries exchange nutrients, oxygen, wastes, and carbon dioxide. Therefore, capillaries havea. valves. c. thin walls.b. rigid walls. d. thick walls.

____ 232. Which of the following is a term meaning that heart muscle cells have died?a. atherosclerosis c. emphysemab. stroke d. heart attack

____ 233. Axons bundled with blood vessels and connective tissue are a(n)a. spinal cord. c. impulse.b. nerve. d. reception.

____ 234. The spinal cord is protected by thea. neurons. c. medulla.b. connective tissue. d. vertebrae.

____ 235. Papillae area. bumps on the tongue containing taste buds.b. cells in the nose that sense odors.

c. tiny bones in the ear.d. the name for the four basic tastes.

____ 236. The correct sequence of structures involved in hearing a sound isa. eardrum, auditory nerve, cochlea.b. eardrum, ear bones, cochlea.c. auditory nerve, cochlea, outer ear.d. ear bones, olfactory cells, cochlea.

____ 237. Killer T cells, which destroy cells that invade the body, mature in thea. pancreas. c. thymus.b. thyroid. d. testes.

____ 238. A group of cells that make special chemicals for the body is a(n)a. hormone. c. endocrine system.b. gland. d. feedback mechanism.

____ 239. Long nerve fibers that convey electrical impulses to other cells are calleda. axons. c. organelles.b. dendrites. d. veins.

____ 240. Which of the following is NOT a function of the medulla?a. control of heart rateb. maintenance of blood pressurec. control of voluntary movementd. regulation of muscle tone in blood vessels

____ 241. The inability to produce insulin causesa. goiter. c. fatigue.b. diabetes mellitus. d. small stature.

____ 242. Which of the following allows you to smell?a. cochlea cells c. optic nervesb. olfactory cells d. cones

____ 243. The part of the brain where we think and store memories is thea. cerebrum. c. central nervous system.b. cerebellum. d. medulla.

____ 244. If you rub a piece of sand that blows into your eye, you are likely to scratch youra. cornea. c. iris.b. thymus. d. retina.

____ 245. Which of the following is NOT a function of the medulla?a. control of heart rateb. maintenance of blood pressurec. control of voluntary movementd. regulation of muscle tone in blood vessels

____ 246. The cerebruma. is the largest part of the brain.b. is responsible for thinking and memory storage.c. is divided into hemispheres.d. All of the above

____ 247. Which part of the brain is used for thinking and memory?a. medulla c. cerebellumb. cerebrum d. thymus

____ 248. A group of cells that make special chemicals in your body is called aa. cerebellum. c. gland.b. receptor. d. cerebrum.

____ 249. In contrast to the nervous system, the endocrine systema. is not important for controlling body processes.b. does not involve cells.c. uses hormones rather than neurons.d. uses electrical impulses.

____ 250. Which hormone is responsible for the “fight-or-flight” response?a. epinephrine c. glycogenb. insulin d. metabolism

Spring Final ReviewAnswer Section

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. B2. A3. C4. B5. D6. B7. B8. C9. C

10. C11. B12. B13. D14. A15. A16. C17. A18. D19. C20. B21. C22. B23. A24. C25. D26. B27. C28. C29. B30. C31. D32. C33. D34. D35. B36. C37. A38. B39. C40. C41. C

42. D43. C44. C45. D46. B47. A48. D49. A50. A51. A52. B53. C54. A55. D56. C57. D58. A59. A60. C61. A62. B63. A64. B65. C66. D67. A68. A69. B70. B71. C72. C73. C74. B75. C76. B77. C78. B79. A80. A81. C82. D83. D84. C85. D86. A87. A88. C

89. B90. D91. C92. A93. B94. D95. D96. C97. C98. D99. B

100. C101. A102. D103. A104. C105. B106. D107. C108. B109. D110. D111. C112. D113. B114. A115. A116. B117. B118. B119. C120. B121. C122. A123. D124. C125. C126. C127. D128. B129. B130. C131. C132. D133. C134. B

135. C136. A137. B138. B139. A140. B141. D142. D143. A144. C145. B146. C147. D148. C149. D150. D151. C152. C153. D154. A155. C156. B157. D158. C159. D160. D161. B162. C163. D164. B165. C166. A167. C168. B169. A170. A171. A172. C173. D174. C175. B176. A177. D178. B179. D180. A181. C

182. D183. A184. D185. D186. A187. C188. B189. A190. D191. A192. D193. D194. C195. D196. B197. C198. A199. A200. C201. D202. B203. A204. D205. C206. B207. B208. C209. B210. D211. C212. C213. A214. D215. D216. B217. D218. D219. C220. C221. D222. D223. A224. C225. D226. B227. A

228. A229. A230. D231. C232. D233. B234. D235. A236. B237. C238. B239. A240. C241. B242. B243. A244. A245. C246. D247. B248. C249. C250. A