SOL Review 5

Definition- the domination by one country of the political, cultural, or economic life of another country.

Imperialism

Colonies- most expensive + most control (ex. India was a colony of Great Britain>

Protectorates- leave local rulers in place but tell them what to do ( ex. Egypt was a protectorate of Great Britain)

Spheres of Influence- an area in which an outside power claimed exclusive investment or trading privileges + least restrictive (ex. China)

Imperialism Types

Other ideas:◦ America opened trade

with Japan◦ Missionaries- Christianize

the people of Africa and Asia

◦ Suez Canal-shortcut between Europe and Asia

◦ Industrial Revolution- created a new need for markets and raw materials

◦ Armed Conflicts- Boxer Rebellion + Opium War

Imperialism

Imperialism- competition for the colonies Militarism-European countries competed with one

another to see which one could have the best army and navy

Alliances- Central Powers (Austria-Hungary, Germany, Bulgaria, and Ottoman Empire) vs. Allies (France, Britain, and Russia)

Nationalism- people of the same ethnic background want a homeland

Assassination of Archduke Ferdinand-spark to start the war

World War 1- Causes--IMANASS

Assassination of Archduke Ferdinand- spark that started the war

U.S. enters the war (1917)- unrestricted submarine warfare and Zimmerman note

Russia exits the war (1917)- Russian Revolution

World War 1- Events

Woodrow Wilson- President of the U.S. (Fourteen Points/League of Nations)

Kaiser Wilhelm II- leader of Germany

World War 1- Major Leaders

Colonies participated in the war- Increased demands for independence (ex. India wanted independence from Great Britain)

End of Russian, Ottoman, German, and Austro-Hungarian Empires

Lots of destruction, lives lost, and social disruption

Treaty of Versailles- forced Germany to accept guilt for war and loss of territory+ pay reparations+ limited German military

World War 1- Outcomes

Peacekeeping organization established to prevent future wars

Failed organization- could not enforce its decisions

U.S. never joined League of Nations (isolated)- did not sign Treaty of Versailles

World War 1- League Of Nations

France and Great Britain became mandatory powers in the Middle East

Divided Ottoman Empire into new countries (Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, and Palestine)

British controlled Iraq, Palestine, and Transjordan and France controlled Syria and Lebanon

World War 1- Mandate System

Defeat in war with Japan in 1905 Landless peasantry Incompetence of Tsar Nicholas II (absolute

monarchy) Losing in World War I

Russian Revolution- Causes

Led Russian Revolution New Economic Policy- goal (improve

Russia’s economy) – socialism (meant to be temporary)

Russian Revolution- Lenin

Five Year Plan- make Soviet Union a modern industrial power- command economy, production improved while standard of living remained poor

Collectivization of Farms- no more private ownership-government farms or collectives (work as a group)- did not improve farm output (grain production grew slightly while meat, vegetables, and fruits remained in short supply)

Secret Police+ Great Purge ( destroy enemies)

Russian Revolution- Stalin