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SECTION 4: CITY-STATES

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Page 1: By 750 BC the polis was a fundamental political unit in Ancient Greece City and the surrounding country (city-state) 50-500 square miles Often

SECTION 4: CITY-STATES

Page 2: By 750 BC the polis was a fundamental political unit in Ancient Greece City and the surrounding country (city-state) 50-500 square miles Often

POLITICAL STRUCTURE

Page 3: By 750 BC the polis was a fundamental political unit in Ancient Greece City and the surrounding country (city-state) 50-500 square miles Often

POLIS

By 750 BC the polis was a fundamental political unit in Ancient Greece

City and the surrounding country (city-state)

50-500 square miles Often fewer than 10,000 people

Page 4: By 750 BC the polis was a fundamental political unit in Ancient Greece City and the surrounding country (city-state) 50-500 square miles Often

AGORA Public square for trade and government

Page 5: By 750 BC the polis was a fundamental political unit in Ancient Greece City and the surrounding country (city-state) 50-500 square miles Often

ACROPOLIS Fortified hill top Gather to discuss city government

Page 6: By 750 BC the polis was a fundamental political unit in Ancient Greece City and the surrounding country (city-state) 50-500 square miles Often

MODEL OF ATHENIAN ACROPOLIS

Page 7: By 750 BC the polis was a fundamental political unit in Ancient Greece City and the surrounding country (city-state) 50-500 square miles Often

POLITICAL STRUCTURES

Different among city-states Monarchy-rule by a king Aristocracy-rule by nobility

Dynastic Oligarchy-rule by a few powerful people

Page 8: By 750 BC the polis was a fundamental political unit in Ancient Greece City and the surrounding country (city-state) 50-500 square miles Often
Page 9: By 750 BC the polis was a fundamental political unit in Ancient Greece City and the surrounding country (city-state) 50-500 square miles Often

TYRANTS

Nobility who seized control Worked for the interest of the people Tyranny-gaining power and ruling by

force

Page 10: By 750 BC the polis was a fundamental political unit in Ancient Greece City and the surrounding country (city-state) 50-500 square miles Often

ATHENS

Page 11: By 750 BC the polis was a fundamental political unit in Ancient Greece City and the surrounding country (city-state) 50-500 square miles Often

LOCATION

Rocky Hillside North of Sparta Attica Peninsula

Page 12: By 750 BC the polis was a fundamental political unit in Ancient Greece City and the surrounding country (city-state) 50-500 square miles Often
Page 13: By 750 BC the polis was a fundamental political unit in Ancient Greece City and the surrounding country (city-state) 50-500 square miles Often

REFORM

Power struggle between rich and poor Moved towards democracy Citizens participated directly in

decisions Direct Democracy

Page 14: By 750 BC the polis was a fundamental political unit in Ancient Greece City and the surrounding country (city-state) 50-500 square miles Often

POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT

Monarchy to Aristocracy to Tyranny to Democracy

Democracy-government where citizens hold power Originator of Democracy

Page 15: By 750 BC the polis was a fundamental political unit in Ancient Greece City and the surrounding country (city-state) 50-500 square miles Often
Page 16: By 750 BC the polis was a fundamental political unit in Ancient Greece City and the surrounding country (city-state) 50-500 square miles Often

CITIZEN

Person who could take part in government Free Adult Males

Expected to take part in government Land Ownership was required at first

Page 17: By 750 BC the polis was a fundamental political unit in Ancient Greece City and the surrounding country (city-state) 50-500 square miles Often

EVERYONE ELSE

No political rights Slaves (1/3 of population) Women-expected to take care of family

and household

Page 18: By 750 BC the polis was a fundamental political unit in Ancient Greece City and the surrounding country (city-state) 50-500 square miles Often

CLASSICAL ATHENS

Developed the most democratic system Became the foundation of modern

democracy Developed direct democracy-each citizen

had input into all decision making Debate The Assembly-to speak their minds and

exercise their votes regarding the government

Page 19: By 750 BC the polis was a fundamental political unit in Ancient Greece City and the surrounding country (city-state) 50-500 square miles Often

DRACO

621 BC First Greek Legal Code-all Athenians

equal under law Harsh punishments for crimes Retained debt slavery

Page 20: By 750 BC the polis was a fundamental political unit in Ancient Greece City and the surrounding country (city-state) 50-500 square miles Often

SOLON (SO-LUHN)

594 BC Outlawed debt slavery Organized all citizens into 4 classes

(according to wealth) Top 3 could hold office All could participate in assembly

Page 21: By 750 BC the polis was a fundamental political unit in Ancient Greece City and the surrounding country (city-state) 50-500 square miles Often

PEISISTRATUS

561 BC Loaned money for farming Gave jobs to poor by building

Page 22: By 750 BC the polis was a fundamental political unit in Ancient Greece City and the surrounding country (city-state) 50-500 square miles Often

CLEISTHENES (KLYS-THUH-NEEZ)

500 BC Organized Citizens by location not

wealth 10 groups

All citizens could submit laws to assembly

Page 23: By 750 BC the polis was a fundamental political unit in Ancient Greece City and the surrounding country (city-state) 50-500 square miles Often

COUNCIL OF 500

Created by Cleisthenes Proposed law Counseled the Assembly Chosen by lottery

Page 24: By 750 BC the polis was a fundamental political unit in Ancient Greece City and the surrounding country (city-state) 50-500 square miles Often

ATHENIAN EDUCATION

Boys Only wealthy Reading, grammar,

poetry, history, math, music, public speaking

Military school

Girls Educated at home by

mothers Learned child rearing

and household tasks, weaving, and cooking

Few learned to read or write

Page 25: By 750 BC the polis was a fundamental political unit in Ancient Greece City and the surrounding country (city-state) 50-500 square miles Often

SPARTA

Page 26: By 750 BC the polis was a fundamental political unit in Ancient Greece City and the surrounding country (city-state) 50-500 square miles Often

INTRODUCTION

Peloponnesus-Peloponnesian Peninsula Militaristic State

Page 27: By 750 BC the polis was a fundamental political unit in Ancient Greece City and the surrounding country (city-state) 50-500 square miles Often
Page 28: By 750 BC the polis was a fundamental political unit in Ancient Greece City and the surrounding country (city-state) 50-500 square miles Often

MESSENIANS

Conquered by Sparta-725 BC Helots-peasants forced to work land

Paid ½ of crops in rent Military developed after Helots revolt-

650 BC

Page 29: By 750 BC the polis was a fundamental political unit in Ancient Greece City and the surrounding country (city-state) 50-500 square miles Often

BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT

Assembly All citizens (free adult males) Elected officials and voted on issues

Council of Elders (30 older citizens) Proposed laws to Assembly

Ephors-5 elected officials Carried out laws (administration) Controlled courts and education Power to veto laws Oligarchy-rule by a small group

Page 30: By 750 BC the polis was a fundamental political unit in Ancient Greece City and the surrounding country (city-state) 50-500 square miles Often

SOCIAL GROUPS

Ruling families owned lands Free non-citizens-traders and artisans Helots-farming and servants

Page 31: By 750 BC the polis was a fundamental political unit in Ancient Greece City and the surrounding country (city-state) 50-500 square miles Often

SPARTAN DAILY LIFE

Effects of militaristic society Most powerful army Did not learn value of arts and learning Valued duty and discipline over freedom

and learning Lagged behind other states (Athens) in

trade and cultural achievements

Page 32: By 750 BC the polis was a fundamental political unit in Ancient Greece City and the surrounding country (city-state) 50-500 square miles Often

BOYS

Military training to become good soldiers

Infants-left to die on hillside if not healthy

Age 7-moved to barrack to learn military skills

Age 20-became soldiers on frontier Age 30-married, supported family Age 60- Retired, trained soldiers

Page 33: By 750 BC the polis was a fundamental political unit in Ancient Greece City and the surrounding country (city-state) 50-500 square miles Often

BARRACKS

Page 34: By 750 BC the polis was a fundamental political unit in Ancient Greece City and the surrounding country (city-state) 50-500 square miles Often

GIRLS

Received Military Training Were taught Sparta before their family Married at 19 Expected to be mothers of good

soldiers


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