ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОЕ АГЕНТСТВО ПО КУЛЬ ТУРЕ И КИНЕМАТОГРАФИИ

ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОЕ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЕ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ

ВЫСШЕГО ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ

«САНКТ-ПЕТЕРБУРГСКИй ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ КИНО И ТЕЛЕВИДЕНИЯ))

Кафедра ~mостранных языков

АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК

ЛЕКСИКО-ГР АММА ТИЧЕСКОЕ ПОСОБИЕ

ДЛЯ СТУДЕНТОВ 2-го КУРСА ВСЕХФАКУЛЬТЕТОВ

Часть 2

Урок 5-9

САНКТ -ПЕТЕРБУРГ

2006

Составкrелъ: ст. nреподаватель В .В . Барышникова

Рецензенrы : кафедра иностранных языков СПбГУКиТ, зав. кафедрой доценr Е .А . Климов, зав . секцией английского языка Л.А. Авакян, преп. В.К Иванов

Рекомендовано к изданию в качестве лексико-rраммшическоrо пособия кафедрой иностранных Я-зыков СПбГУКиТ.

ПротОIЮЛ N!! 3 от 10.03.06 г .

Лексихо-грамматическое пособие рекомендуется для развития навыков разговорной речи современного английского языка во время аудкrорной и внеаущrrорной работы студенrов .

Автор считает целесообразным использовать данное nособие в соответсТ!ШИ с nрилаrаемым планом. В то же время возможно выборочное использование материil!lЗ, данного в каждом уроке.

ВОЗВРАТИТЕ КНИГУ НЕ ПОЗЖЕ обозначенного здесь срока

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:пбГУКиТ, 2006

Lcsson 5

FAME

1. Reading а) Read the text about Andrca de Silva.

Andrea de Silva, the Hollywood actress, has таdе over 25 film s in her career. She sтю1еd acтing at the age of fourtceп . She has travelled ro many parts oftl1e \VOrld, includiпg AustraJia, South America, and China.

1 spoke to her last week апd she said that her favourite place was Argentiпa . "! went there а year ago whcn we made western "Good Times, Bad Times."

She has won three Oscars. She won her first Oscar in 1987 for her role as the scientist, К::~ у Browп, in "Texas Flower' .

Ь) Underline the examples in the text of the Past Simple.

с) What is the dif"ferencc betwecn the foUowing pairs of sentences'! Why are different tenses used?

• She has made over twenty-fi ve films. Charlie Chaplin made over fi fty films.

• She has Oraveled to mапу parts ofthe woт·1d.

She ~vent to Argentina lasi year.

• She has 'NOn three Oscars. She won her fi rst Oscar in 1987.

d) Неге are the ans\vers to some questions about Andrea de SiiYa. W rite the questions.

1. How many _ ? Over 25. 2. When _ ? At the age offourteen. 3. When _? А year ago. 4. ? Three. 5. _ ? In !987.

е) Put the verbs in brackets in the correct tense: Present Perfect or Past Simple.

Barbara Lo>v, the wri ter, is married \vith two childreн . She _(write) over 40 books. She _(star't) >vri ti ng after the death of' her first husbaпd. She _ (l ive) in тапу parts ot"the world, incll!diпg Jарап апd India.

She _ _ (speпd) her chi ldhood iп Egypt, but __ (соте) to Engiaпd iп !966.

She _ (\\'fite) both prose апd poetry, but is best known for her romar1tic noveis. She _(~vin) тапу awards, inciuding the Booker Prize, which she _(win) in 1988 for the novei "Dark Tiшes to Come".

2. Gramшar. а) You are writing а letter to а friend. In the letter you give news about yourself and other people. Use the Present Perfect.

Dear CЬris, Lots of tmngs Ьаvе happened since I last wrote to you.

1 . V buy/ а new car. - f've boughт а new car. 2. Му father/ start/ а new job. 3. Il give up/ smoking. 4. Charles and Sarahl go/ to Brazil. 5. Suzarme/ have/ а hahy.

Ь) Read the situations and write sentences. Choose оп е of the following: arrivel break/ go up/ growl impгovel lose Example: Mike is looking for ms key. Не can't find it.

Не has losl his key. 1. Margaret can't walk and her leg is in plaster. She ... 2. Maria's English wasn't very good. Now it's much better. 3. Tim didn ' t have а beard last month. Now he has а beard. 4. This morning 1 was expecting а letter. Now 1 have it. 5. Last week the bus fare was 80 репсе. Now it is 90.

с) Complete B's sentences. Use the verb in brackets + just/ alreadyl yet. А. 1. Would you like something to eat?

2. Do you know where Julia is? 3. What time is David leaving? 4. What's in the newspaper today? 5. ls Anna coming to the cinema with us? 6. Are your friends here yet? 7. What does Tim think about your plan?

В. а) No, thanks. I_ Uustl have) lunch. Ь) Yes, I _ Uustl see) her. с) Не _ (already/ leave). d) 1 don' t know. l _ (notl read/ yet). е) No, she __ (already/ see) the film . t) Yes, they _ Uust/ arrive). g) I _ (not/ telV yet) .

d) Put in been or gone. \. Jim is on holiday. He's _ Lu ltaly. 2. Hello! I've just _ to the shops. I've Ьought lots ofthings. 3. Alice isn't here at the moment. She's _ to the shops to get а

newspaper. 4. Тот has _out. He' ll Ье back in about an hour. 5. "Are you going to the bank?" "No, Гvе already _ to the

bank".

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е) Which is the соггссt \'егЬ in these sentences'! 1. I've seen/ 1 saw that play last 'vcek. 2. Ol1 , уон'vе got the new Le Сапе nove1?

Have уон finishedJ Did уон fiпisl! it? If so, сап 1 borтow it? 3. Tl!e tax i f!rтived/ l!as arrived. 1 mнst go. 4. l'\•e been/ 1 \Vent to Disпey1a.пd when 1 was а cl1i ld . 5. Гvе dопе/ I did ту home\~•ork at last. I'm very pleased. 6. Oh, no, I've lost1 1lost my earтiпg .

3. Speaking. Wnrk in pairs. Ask your partш:r questions alюut

things l!e or she has done. Answcr these questions. If thc answer is "Yes, 1 haYe", ask questions to find out mоге details:

Have you ever driven а сш?

When did you dri ,,e? Whar car did уои d1·ive ?

1. (ever/ ride/ l!orse?) Have you еvег ridden а horse? 2. ( ever/ Ье/ abroad?) 3. ( ever/ rнn/ maratlюп ?) 4. ( ever/ speak! famous person?) 5. (always/ live/ in this town?) 6. (most beautiful place/ e\rer/ visit?) What .. 7. (fly/ а plane?) 8. (win/ а pri ze?)

4. Reading. "Prizewinners ". а) Have you heard about these people: Gabriel Gaгcia Maгquez, Richard Rogers, Monica Kristensen, Jane Fonda? Say what they do: А. Have you heшd of Richard Rogers ?

В · Yes, 1 have./No, l haven 't. 1 think he 's а ..

Ь) Read the passagcs quickly. A.Gabrie] Garcia Marquez is ап importaпt Colombiaп aнthor. Не has traveled widely, and he has lived iп Venezuela, Paris, Mexico апd Spain, as we11 as ColomЬia. Не has written about а dozeп books, including "One Hundred Years of Solitude" and "Love in the Time ofCholera" and he' s а Nobel Prizewi1шer.

В. Richard R.ogers was bom in ltaly, but he 's Britaiп ' s most famoнs

arcilitect. Не has designed several famo us bнildings such as t1le Pompidou Centre in Paris апd the Lloyds Building in Londoп . 1-Ie has шалу 01wards for this buildiпgs, inciuding the "Legion d 'hon.пeur" .

С. Munica Kristensen is а NoГ\vegian expiorer апd scientist. She lшs madc more thaп 1\venty expeditions to Aлtarctica and tl1e Arct ic. She is the first womaп siпce 1942 to wiп tl1 e Royal Geographical Society' s top a1vard.

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D. Jane Fonda is ан Americaп actress and film star. She has Ьееп in over fifty films and she has won two Oscars (for "Кlute" and "Coming Home"). Sl1e lшs writteп books about keeping fit and she 11as also worked in politics.

с) Read tbe sentences and match them with the people in "Prizewinners."

1. She is an American actress and film star. 2. Не was bom in Italy, but he is Britain ' s most famous

architect. 3. Не is an important Colombian author. 4. She is а Nor\\•egian explorer and scientist. 5. Не lыs designed several famous buildings 6. She has made more than twenty expeditions to Antarctica and

the Arctic. 7. Не has traveled widely, and he has lived in Vcnezuela, Paris,

Mexico and Spain. 8. She has been in over forty films and she has won two Oscars. 9. Не has written about а dozen books. 1 О. She has written books about keeping fi t and she has also

worked in politics. 11. She is the first woman since 1992 to win the Royal

Geographical Society's top award. 12. Не has won many awards for his buildings.

d) Look at these answers about the "Prizewinners" and write questions beginning How тапу ... ? Five. About а dozen. Over forty. Two. Several. More than t\venty. Example: How тапу countries has Marquez lived in?

5~ Speaking. а) Work in pairs. Ask and say what you have done.

"One Hundred Years ot· Solimde", Paris; seen ... ? The Pompidou Centre; Venezuela; Spaiп;

Have read ... ? "Coming Ноте"; the Arctic; been ... ? "Love in the Time of Cholera"; Mexico;

"Кiute"; Antarctica; the Lloyds Building;

Ь) Ask your paгtner about other books, films, places and buildings. А: Have you read "Тhе Name ofthe Rose"? В: No, I haveп't Iead it yel, but i 've seen the fiim.

А: Have you ever been to Нопg Kong? В: Yes, I have. lt's very ext:iting place.

А: Have you seen the Parthenon? В: No, l've never been to Greece.

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6. Grammaг. а) Makc sentenccs and questions about the follo\\'ing peoplc. Ехатр/е: Alice is ajouшali st .

шееt! а lot of' faшot1s people Sl1e has тег а lot offamous people. intervievv/ Prime Minister? Has sl1e inte1-viewed tl1e P1·ime Minister ?

1. Chris is а motmtainee.r. climЫ шountains all over thc vvorld cl imЫ Everest v.•ithout oxygen. Write/ several books. Ever/ have/ an accident?

2. Paul Newman is an actor. direct! many filшs. Never/ winl ап Oscar. Ever/ write/ а script?

3. Mike and Тiпа \Valker are singers. sell/ over five millioп recnrds. Ве/ оп tour all over the vvorld. I-!ave/ ten number one records. Ever/ Ье in а filш?

Ь) Write out the sentences with is or has. 1. I-!e 's worked in а shop. 2. She' s а famous autlюr .

3. I-!e 's vvriting а play. 4. She 's flO\vп all over the world . 5. lt's been а lovely holiday. 6. He ' s making а fiim .

с) Put the vегЬ io brackets in the coгrect form, Present Peгfect or Past Simple.

1. "Whcre's yuur key?" "1 don ' t knov~· . l __ (lose) it." 2. l_(be) very tired, so Т (lie) dov.~1 on the bed and went to

sleep. 3. Mary _ (go) to Australi<t for а vvhile but she 's back agaiп

now. 4. "wЪere's Ken?" "He _(go) out. He ' li back in an hour. 5. 1 did German at school but _(forget) most ofit. 6. I meant to phone Diane last night but l_(forget). 7. Look! There 's an ambulance over there. There _(Ье) an

accident .. 8. They're still buildiпg tlte пеw road. They _ (not/ fiпish) it .. 9. '· Js Helen still herc?" "No, slte _ Uust/ go) out."

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10. The police _(aпest) three peopJe but Jater they let tl1eш go. 11. I _(have) а headache earlier but 1 feel fine now. 12. Аnл _ (give) ше her address Ьщ I'ш afraid I _ (lose) it. 13 . W!Je1·e' s шу bike? lt _(Ье) outside the lюuse. It

_( disappear)! 14. What do you think оfшу Eng1ish? Do you t.hink I

_(iшprove)?

d) Аге the undeгHned paгts of these sentences right or wrong? Соггесt thc ones that аге \Yrong?

J. Do you know about Sue? "She 's given up her job.- Right. 2. The Chinese l1ave invented printing. - rr·,·ong The Chinese

invented printing. 3. How marJy plays has Shakespeare v.тitten? 4. На\'е you read any ofShakespeare ' s p1ays? 5. Aristot1e has been а Greek phi1osopher. б. Ow! I've cut шу finger. It' s Ьleeding. 7. М у grandparents have got married in London. 8. \\>Ъеrе have you been bom? 9. Mary isn't at home. She' s gone shopping. 10. Albert Einstein has been the scientist who has deve1oped the

theory of relativity.

е) Write questions for these sentences. 1. I went to bed early 1ast night. (you) 2. Stephen 's seen the doctor. 3. C1are sent her boyfriend а card. 4. Mr and Mrs Hinds aпived this morning. 5. Mr and Mrs Steel have bought а flat in Oxford. б. Му daughter slept well1ast night. 7. l've found шу passport. (you) 8. Margaret' s taken Jim 's book Ьу mistake.

7. Reading. а) Siг Peter Hal1 is а theatгe diгectoг. Read about Ьis ho1iday. Which is the соггесt verb foгm?

"Му holiday" 1 1ike wiпter breaks. I've visited/ visited Iots of European cities.

М у wife Nicki arJd 1 have been/ went to Florence at Christmas а few years ago. Тhе streets have been/ were empty. So you could wa1k everywhere but •·estaшaпts we1·en't/ lшveн't Ьеен орен. We have had/ had Christmas lunch in а Chinese restaurant!

Greece is also very important to те. Nicki and 1 have had/ had some wonderful holidays there. I 1ove Greek theat1·es апd I love the way you eat at midnight and go on all night.

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I also staved! have also stayed in Ne\V York many times.l tirst have been/ \\!Cnt there in 1965 with Leslie Саrоп, my first wife.

Wheп 1 was а Ьоу my holidays have Ьееn/ were very different. We haven't had! didп ' t have шалу becatlSC my parents couldп ' t

afford them'

Ь) Speak.ing. Work in pairs. Уоu'ге а TV reporter. You're going to interview Sit· Peter Hall about his bolidays. Make questions to ask him. Example: Have you been 10 ... ?

if'haт did you do when уа и wae there ? Take it in turns to Ье the reporter and Sir Peter Hall.

8. Grammar. а) Answer these questions about yourself and your t"riends. Use short answers.

1. Have you ever broken а miпor? 2. Did your best friend have Junch \Vith you yesterday? 3. Did your best friend phone you yesterday? 4. Has your best friend been on holiday with you? 5. Did you have coffee with your breakfast this moming? 6. Did you go to bed Jate last night? 7. Have you ever lost any mопеу?

8. Did you have а party on your last Ьi11hday? 9. Has your best friend l1ad any children? IO.Have you ever been ill iп hospital ?

Ь) Make seoteoces from tbe words in brackets. 1. (itl notl raiill this week) lt lшsn '1 rained тhis .,.,eek. 2. (the weather/ Ье/ cold! recently). 3. (11 notl read/ а newspaper/ yesterday). 4. (itl cold! last week) 5. (Апл/ eam/ а lot ot' money/ tbls year) 6. (11 notl read/ а newspaper/ today) 7. (she/ not eam/ so muclll last year) 8. (you/ have/ а holiday/ receлtly)?

с) Put the vегЬ into the correct form. 1. Т don ' t know wl1ere Аrш is. (you/ see) her? 2. When 1 (get) home last night, Т (Ье) very tired анd 1 (go)

straight to bed . 3. Your car looks very clean. (you! wash it)? 4. George (notl Ье) \'Cry \Velllast week. 5. Mr Clark (work) in а bank for 15 years. Then he gave it up. 6. "(yow· go) ю the cinema last лi gh t ?" "Yes, but it (Ье) awfui. 7. Му grandfather (die) 30 years ago. Т (never/ meet) him. 8. 1 don' t kno\V Carol' s husband. I (never/ meet) him.

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Lesson 6

EARNING А LIYING

l. Reading. "Street life" а) Read Andy's story.

Andy, 28, from Scotland, used to llave I:Jis own taxi business. Wllen he lost it, he also lost his home and his fiunily. Не now sleeps on the streets in London. "The Big Issue" is а magazine sold Ьу homeless people in Britain. This gives them а small income, so they сал begin to find somewhere to live.

Ь) Match the questions a-fwith tbe answers 1-6. а . How many copies do you sell а day? Ь . Have you made any friends? с. How long have you been sleeping on the streets? d. How many copies have you sold today? е . How long have you been selling "The Big Issue?" f. Why did you соте to London?

\ . For а year. It was very cold at first, but you get used to it. 2. 1 came here to look for work, and 1 never left. 3. For six months. l 'm in Covent Garden seven days а week

selling the. magazine. 4. Lots. But I can' t stand people who think Т drink or take

drugs. М у proЬJem is I'm homeless. I want а job, but I need somewhere to live before I can get ajob. So 1 need money to get somewhere to live, but I сап ' t get money because 1 can' t get а job because 1 haven ' t got somewhere to li\'e. So I'm trapped.

5. Usually about fifty. 6. So far, ten. But it's still early.

с:) Read anotber part of the interview witb Andy: lntervi ewer: How long have you Ьееп trying to find ajob? Andy: For three years. It's been really difficult. lnterviewer: How many jobs have уон had? Andy: About thirty, maybe more. l've done everyth.iлg.

Interviewer: How long have you bcen standing here today? Andy: Since 8.00 ti:Jis moming, and I'm freezing. Interviewer: How did you lose your busiпess?

Andy: 1 owed а lot of money in tax, and I couldn' t рау it. Interviewer: Who's your best friend? Andy: А chap called RobЬie, who's also from Scotland like

те .

Tnterviewer: Where did you meet him? Andy: Т met him in London.

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lnterviewer: Н о'" long lшve you kno~'!l сас11 othe1·? Andy: About ten months. I met him soon after 1 came to

London.

d) Pair work. Make more questions about Andy. Ask and answer the questions with а partner. In,•ent And)•'s ans\vers.

2. Grammar. а) Read the situation and tben \Vrite а sentence with thc Present Perfect Contiouous. Example: Carol is out ofbreath. (he/ ruп) - Не has been runnmg.

1. Jane is ve1-y tired. (s!Je/ work/ hard) 2. ВоЬ has а Ьlack еуе, and Bill has а cut lip. (ВоЬ and Bill/

fight). 3. George has just соте back from the beach. Не is very red.

(he/ lie/ in the sun) 4. Janet is hot апd tired. (she/ play/ tennis)

Ь) Ask questions for each situation. Example: Уош friend's hands are covered ~·ith grease. (уош/ work/ on the car?) - Have you Ьееп working оп а car?

1. You see а little Ьоу. His eyes are red and watery. (you/ cry?) 2 . You ' ve just arrived to meet your friend, who is waiting tor

you. (you/ wait/ long?) 3. Your fi-iend comes in. Her face and haпd are very dirty.

( what/you/ do ?)

с) Say how long something has been happening. Example: It ' s rainiпg now. It began raining 2 hours ago. -

lr has been rainingfor rwo hour.s. 1. Kevin is studyiпg . Не began studying three lюшs ago. 2. J'm leaming Spanish. I started learning Spanish iп December. 3. Ann is 1ooking for ajob. She began lookiпg six months ago. 4 . Mary is working in Toroпto. She started workiпg there on

January !8'h . 5. Mark smokes. Не started smoking five years ago.

d) Ask questions with how long. Example: lt is raining. How long has ir Ьееп rainiщ; ?

1. Sue is readiпg "War and Реасе".

2. Mike plays chess . 3. Jim sells washing mach i пes .

4. Liпda is living iп Маiп Street.

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З , Reading. С. Choose onc ofthe texts, and геаd it more caгefully. Answeг these questions:

1. Does he/ sl1e work indoors or outdoors? 2. How long has he/ she been doing this job? 3. \X.'hat does he/ she do in his/ her job? 4. WЪat did he/ she do before? 5. Does he/ she do the same thing every day? 6. How much does he/ she eam? 7. \X.'hy does he/ she like his/ her job?

D. Live/y Тот. 69, Skates for Tesco. Тот Hopperton is one of 1200 over-65s working for the

superrnarket, Tesco. He' s been working there for fifi.een months. Before that he was а plumber for thirty years.

Тот skates about five miles а day around the store fetching things for customers who realize that they've forgotten soтething only when they've reached the checkout till . Не earпs 4.50 poШJds

an hour. "1 just love the job. I help the customers, so they' re usually very

nice to me . l ' ve always liked meeting people. And it keeps те fit . I can ' t sit at home doing nothing. l'djust die . I have to keep busy. Тiше goes really quick.J y. Every day is different."

Tesco's made the decision to employ people of all ages. It sees the advantages of older workers who are more calm and authoritative when they are dealing with customers.

"\X.'hen I saw this job advertised, I didn' t believe they'd give it to me," says Тот. "I went in to see them because I thought they would Ье put offby my age ifljust phoncd . I wanted them to see that 1 am very lively for ту age."

В. Life is а beach. For 25 years Terry Cemm was а policeman, but fo r the last

seveшeen years he has been walking up and down five miles of beach every day, looking for things that might Ье usefulto someone. Terry' s а beachcomber.

Nearly everything in his cottage has come from the sea - chairs, taЬ!es , even tins of food. What's the most ШJusual thing he has ever foШJd? "А barrel of beer just before Christmas. That was nice," he remembers. Не finds lots ofbottles with messages in thern, mainly from chi ldren. They all get а reply if there's an address in the bottle. Shoes? "If you find опе, you' il find the uiher tl1e нехt week," he says.

But does he really make а living? "Half а living," he replies. I barter with а lot of thing I find, and 1 have ту police репsiон . But 1 don ' t actually need тоnеу. Му life is rich in variety."

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Terry seems 10 Ье а very happy man. "You have 10 t\nd а way to live а simple, honest life. People spencl al\their Iives chasing thiпgs they don' t really need. There ' s so much waste."

"Some people say I' m mad," says Terry. "But thet·e are а lot more wlю 'd like to do what I do. Look at me. J' ve got everything that 1 could possiЬ! y \vant."

С. Flying.for а living. Cathy Moorl1ead has only ever had one job. She has пever wanted

to do anything Ьнt Ье iл а hot air balloon, go ing where the wind takes her, li stening to the Ьirds , and watching deer and small animals below her.

And she gets paid for it, about 25000 pounds а year. "I've been flying balloons since I was 1 О, and I have done it professionally for twelve years. I fly between 1 О and 20 passengers in different balloons." The flights usually Jast an hour, and they go early in the morning or just before sunset. "The trips are always mysteiy tours, "she says. " [ пever know where we ' re going to land."

She starts work at about 6 am, апd works anything from 15 hours а day to nothing, ifthe weather is bad. "We can ' t fl y ifit's too windy, if visiЬility is poor, or it's rain.ing. The balloon gets 100 heayy and the passengers get wet." What's the best thing about the job?" The job itself. I Jove being out in the countryside and 1 hate roнtines. So this is heaYen for me''

Ь) Find two partneгs who геаd the other two texts. Соmраге the thгee people. Now answeг the questions.

1 . Who earns the most? 2. Who eams the least? 3. What sort ofthings has Terry found? 4. Why do Tesco ' s employ o\der peopJe? 5. How long !Jas Cathy been flying balloons? 6. What 's Terry 's philosop!Jy оп li fe? 7. Why didn ' t Tom рhопе wheп he sa~' the adveгtisemeпt?

8. How many hours а day does Cathy work?

с) Speaking. What is уоuг idea of the hest and woгst jobs in thc woгld?

4. Gгammaг. а) Read the situation and then wгite two sentences with the Present Peгfect Simple and Pгesent Peгfect Continuous. Example: Тот is reading а book. Не started two lюurs ago, and he is оп page 53. (he/ read/ tor two hours) - Не has Ьееп readingjo1· two hours. (he/ read/ 53 pages so far) - Не has read 53 pages so far.

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1. Linda is from Canada. Now sl1e is traveliпg around Europe. She Ьеgап her trip three moпths ago. (she/ travel / arouпd Europe for tl1ree moпtlls). (she/ vi siU six cotmtries so far) 2. Sue is а tennis clшmpioп. She Ьеgап playiпg teпnis wheп she was 11 years old. Now she lшs just \VO!l the natioпal charnpionship for the fourth time. (she/ play/ tenпis siпce she was 11) (she/ win/ tlle пational charnpioпship four times) 3. Bill and Апdу make films. Тhеу stшt.ed making films togetller \Vhen they left college. (they/ make/ films siпce they left co llege) (they/ make/ tеп films since tiley left college)

Ь) Imagioe that you are talking to а friend. Read the situation and ask а question beginning in the way shown. Example: Your friend is studying AraЬic.-

How long have you Ьееп studying Arabic? 1. Your friend is waiting for you. How long ... ? 2. Your friend writes books. How many books .. . ? 3. У our friend writes books. How long ... ? 4. Your friend is fishing Ьу the ri ver. How many fish . . . ?

с) Put the verb into the correct foгm: Present Perfeet Simple/ Continuous. Example: I have lost (lose) my key. Сап you ilelp me look for it?

У ou look tired. Have you been working (you/ work) too hard?

1. Look1 Somebody _ (break) tllat window. 2. l_(read) tlle book you ga,,e me, but l _ (not/ finish) it

yet. 3. "Sorry, I'm late." "Tilat' s аН right. l _ (not/ wait) long." 4 . Hetlo' I _ ( сlеап) the windows. So far 1 _(сl~:;ап) fi ve of

them апd tllere are two more to do. 5. There ' s а strange sme\1 iп here _ I (you/ cook) something? 6. М у brother is ап actor. Не _ (appear) in several movies.

5. Reading. а) Gгeg has left bome and has just started his first job in adveгtising. He's оп tbe telephone to his mother. Greg: Hi, Murn.lt's me, Greg. Mum: Greg! Hello! How luv~:;ly to IJeaJ ffoш you. Ilo·.v arc you?

How' s the new job going? Greg: Work ' s ОК - I tllink J'm just . .. Mum: Tired? You sound tired. What have you been doing? Greg: I'm tired , really tired. I've been working so hard and

everything's so new to me. I'm in the office until eight o'clock every night.

12

Mw11 : Tlтat' s terriblc. And \vhen do you c;~t? Have you been eating well?

Greg: Yes, yes - l' ve Ьееп eating ОК. After \Vork, Tessa and 1 go out for а drink and somethiпg to eal in the pub round the comer. We' re too tired to \VOrk .

Mw11 : Tessa? \\' ho' s Tessa? Greg: I'm sure l'\'e told you about Tessa. We work together in 1l1e

same office - she' s been working here for а while, so s!1e's been helping me а lot. She' s really n.ice.

Mum: МауЬе you told your father about l1er but not me. l ' ve cenainly пever heard you talk about Tessa before.

Greg: Oh, yes. Dad. How is he? What's he been doing recently? Mum: Well, he ' s jнst retumed from а business trip to Hollaнd, so Ье

hasn ' l Ьеен10 work 1oday, he' s been relaxing. Greg: He's been in Amsterdam, hasn' t he? Well , Гm glad he's

relaxing now. And what about you, Mum') Mum: Well, J was goiпg lo ring you actually. You see I'ш coming

to London next Tuesday. l'ш going to а teacher's conference at lhe Uпiversity, апd l '-"'Ondered if! could stay at your flat.

Greg: Next Tuesday. That' s great1 Of course you сап stay at шу flat . I'll try to leave V\'Ork earlier that day апd Гllmeet you after 1he coнference . You сап meet Tessa, too. We' ll go out for а meal.

Mum: Lovely! l ' m looking forward 10 it already. Greg: Ме 100. See you next week. Вуе for now. Love 10 D;~d!

Mum: Вуе, Greg. Take саге .

Ь) Are these sentences true or false? 1. Greg starts work at eight o' clock every morning. 2. Hi s mother is worried that he hasn't been eating well. 3. Не goes !юше ill1Шediate l y after \VOrk. 4. Greg's mother has not heard about Tessa beto re. 5. Greg and Tessa share а tlat. 6. Tessa has been working for tlle advertising agency longer

thaп Greg. 7. Greg 's father has been \Vorking in Holland. 8. Greg 's шother is coming to London nexl Thursday. 9. G!"eg's fatl1er has Ьееп working hard al\ day. 10. Greg апd Tessa are going 10 cook а meal for his motller.

с) Underline examples of the Present Perfect Simplc and Continuous.

6. Speaking. а) Read Ruth's diar:y. Work with а рагtnсг. Ont: of you is Ruth. lt's Friday evening and you have phoned your t'riend for а cl1at. Ехатр/е: - Hi, there. !'т exhausted. l 've had а terriЬ!e }veek!

JVhar have you Ьееп doing?

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15 Monday. Had lunch 1vith Rick. Не didn 'r getrhar job. Worked late. 16 Tuesday. Work is crazy ar the momeпr' No lunch. Wentfor а drink wirh F'iona. Rick rang. We argued. 17 Wednesday. Raced home from 1vork. Тоо tired 10 cook Rick the те а! 1 promised. Rick nor pleased! Не 's sri/l looking for а job. 1t 's three momhs пои'.

18 Thursday. Good news - 1 gotthe payrise 1 wanted. Bad news - 1 had to work until 8. 00 again Rick furious. 19 Frida}'. !'т exhausted . .R.ick left те. This week 's Ьееп hell!.

Ь) Work with а partner. lt's Friday evening. One of you has decided to phone the other for а chat. Ask and aoswer questions about \\'hat you've been doing this week.

7. Grammar. а) Choose the best tense.

1. 1 've workedl J've Ьееп working for several hours and 1 still haven 't.finishedl beenflnishing.

2. She's waitedl Ьееп waiting for thirty minutes and the bus still hasn 'r arrivedl been arriving.

3. J've readl been reading while she's seenl heen seeing the doctor.

4. He's talkedl been ta/king io his girlfriend for over an hour. That' s the sixth phone caJI he' s made/ been making this evening.

Ь) Rewrite the dialogue with the pгesent pcгfect simple or pгesent peгfect continuous form of the vегЬ in brackets. Toni : George! How are you? 1 (not see) you for ages! George: Toni! Nice to see you! Where (Ье) you all these years?

(Work) you abroad? Toni: No, 1 (run) my own business in the West Country. 1 started

it several years ago and it (get) more and more successfuJ in the last few years.

George: Congratulations! And do you still Iive in London, or (move) you?

Toni: No. we (move) so that I'm closer to the office.

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Lesson 7

А 1-ОУЕ STORY

1. Reading. а) Texts А and В are summaries of а magazine \о,•е story. Read and соmрагс thcш.

"Оп е Short Hot Summer" А. The story so far ... Saskia met Bradley 111 а party one Saturday night in Juпe. They fe!l in !о •:е and got married the following Saturday. After tl1e wedding, Bradley mo,,ed into Saskia's flat . Saskia rang her parents and told them that she was maлied . They were furious.

Unfortunat.ely, after а few months, Bradley began to behave strangely апd l1is nшrriage to Saskia started to go wrong ...

В. The story so far ... Saskia and Bradley got maлied one Saturd<ty in June. They had met only опе week earlier at а party and had fallen in love. After the \Vedding, Saskia rang her parents and told them that sl1e was maлied, and that Bradley had moved into her flat. They were furious.

Unfortunately, after а few nюnths , their marriage started to go wтong. Bradley had beguп to behave very strangel у __

Ь) Answer these grammar qucstions: 1 . In which text are tl1e events of the story told in chroпologicaJ order? What tense are a!l

the verbs in this text? 2. How is this idea expressed in text В? They mer а1 а parry and fell in love. Which t•v·o

tenses are used in text В?

3. What is the difference be~·een these sentences'1

When we arrived .. 1hey il•ere leaving. 1hey lefi rhey had lefi.

с) Are the following statements about Saskia and Brad\ey tгue or false? Correct thc false оп е.

1. When Saskia and Bradley got married, they had knovm each other for а year. 2. WЪen Saskia told her parents about the ;vedding, Bradley had aJready moved in her flat . 3. Нег parents were angry because she hadп ' t phoned them for а long time . 4. The marriage started to go \vтong, and then Bradley began to behave very strangely.

2. Grammar. а) Make the sentences fгom the chart below:

was iп а mess hurt because had

Our teacher died we hadn ' t М у kg was delighted The plants was angry The house was hungry

weпt to bed early

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falleп over playing football done the home'I\'Ork passed all my exan1s had а party the ni ght beforc forgotten to \V<tter tl1eП1 had а busy day had any breakfast

Ь) Put the veгbs in brackets into the Past Peгfect tense. 1. Mr and Мrs Da,,is were in ai rplane. They \\'ere very nervous as the plane took off

because they (never/ fl y) before. 2. The woтan was а coтplete strange to те. 1 (never/ see) her before. 3. Margaret was late for work. Her boss was very suгprised becausc she (r1ever/ Ье late). 4. Jane p1ayed tennis yesierday- at 1east she tried to play terш.is. She 'vasn ' t very good at it

because she (never/ play) beforc. 5. lt was Car! ' s first driving lesson. Не w·as very nervoнs and didn 't know what to do . Не

(never/ drive) а car.

с) Make sentences using the words in brackcts: 1. 1 wasn' t hнngry. (V justl have/ lunch) 2. Тот wasn't at hоте when 1 arrived. (Не/ justl go out) 3. We arrived at the theatre late. (The тuvi e/ already/ begin) 4. They wereп 't eating \vhen I weпt to see theт. (They/ just/ fini sh/ their dinner) 5. 1 iпvited Аnп to dinпer· 1ast пiglll, but she cou l dп 't соте. (She/ already/ make plans/ to do

something else) 6. 1 was very p1eased to see Diane again after sнch а loпg time. (I/ пotl see/ her for five

years)

d) Put the verb into the correct form: Past Perfect or Past Simple. Example: "Was Tom there when you arrived?"- "No, he had gone home." (go)

"W"as Tom there when you arri ,,ed?" - "Yes, but he H'enl hоте soon arterwards" (go)

1. The house was very quiet when I got bome. Everybody _ (go) to Ьеd. 2. I fe1t very tired when 1 got home, so I _ (go) stra.ight to bed. 3. Sony, I' т 1ate. The car _ (break) down on my way thcre. 4. There was а car Ьу the s.ide ofthe road. It _ (break) dow11 and the driver \Vas trying то

repa.ir it. So we _ (stop) to see if we cou1d help. 5. When I _ (get) home, I found that somebody _(break) into my apartтeпt and

_(steal) my fur coat. 6. I _ (not recogп.ize) Mrs Johnson Ьесанsе she _(chaпge) а lot. 7. Bill no ionger _(have) his car. Не _(sell) 1t. 8. The local тovie theatre _ _ (поt/ Ье) ореп. It _(close_ dО\\'П .

3. Reading. The story "One Short Hot Summer" continues. а) Put the verb into the corгect tense Past Simple/ Past PerfecL OneFriday eveniпg wheп Bradlcy _(return) from work, l1e _ (pack) his suitcase. Then he _(write) а letter to Saskia and _ (Jea,'e) it оп tlle taЬl e. V.Ъcn Sask.ia _(aпive) she _ (not/ tl пd) аnуопе at home. Sl1e __ (read) Brad1ey's lerter and then she _(wa!k) s1ow!y into the kitchen.

Earlier that day she _ (buy) r1is Гavourite food fo r dinner, no\v she _ (throw) it into the rubbish bin. Why _ he __ (do) this to l1er? She remembered how happy they _(Ье) .in the beginning. They _ .Oaugh) а lot thcn. Saskia _ (f"ee l) desperate.

One hoш· 1 a t er llre phone _(riпg) i п that fiat . .

Ь) Read the end of the story. What happened bef'ore? Write уоuг idcas in groups. The end ofthe story: Bradley took Sask.ia iп his arms and said, "Forgive me, ту dar!ing. l'm so happy we' re together again - this t.ime it's forever!"

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4. Grammaг.

а) Put the ' 'erb in thc сопссt tense Past Simplel Ра.51 Perfect. 1. Whcп the police ( arri v~). tlтe car (go) . 2. Wl1eпl (get) tl1e s/юр. it (c lnse). 3. Tl1ey (eat) e\·erytlti ng h) thc тiше 1 ( arr t vтl at t lк p<U1y. -\ . \\Ъеп "" (k~\• c) tl1e Ьeaclt. t!tc rain (a! J·eaciy/ stдП) . 5. 1 (try) Lc lcplюпiпg ltc r sevcral tiшcs lщt sl1e (leave"! tl1c соtшtгу .

6. \\·Ъсп 1 ( fiпd) rпу ршsс . sошеопе (take·} tilC пюпс-у mll о Г it. 7. The car (go) \Vheп I ( kюk) i п to til <: stтeet .

8. Т11е patieвt ialrcшJ v ' <li,·) l1y тk ,; ,",. 1 '· , ,:е) !1ei. 9 Al l thc garagc,; (c lose } ll\ tltc tJ!ll c \\'е (c ross) tlte bo rdcт . 1 О. ( У он / alrcady! k ct\ 'e) \\--] Jеп tlн: н·o t1blc ( stш1 t ''

5. Reading. а) Sometimes in families therc аге arguments and t'amily mcmbers don't speak to each other for а long timc. Has this ever happened to anyone you know?

Ь) You are going to read about two brothers who didn't speak to each other for many years. These expressions are in the text. Match the verbs and phrases. Get а bachelor all his Iife Make а coin На\/е

See Reшain

Toss Kiss

revenge а \Vill а quarre] and make up а solicitor about somethiпg

с) Read the first part of the stoгy. "А death in the family "

There were once two bro thers, Johп and Robert Hessian. John was 52 years o]d, Robert was 49. They had never maпied and tl1ey lived togetJ1er in а hot~se in Oldcastle in the пortl1 of England. They liYed together but they never spoke а single word to cach other. They hadn ' t spoken to each other tor ten уеатs , ever since they had had а quarrel. WheneYcr they wanted to commШJicate they wrote notes.

One eYening the brothers were sitting together after supper. They both weariпg Ьlack because their o]der sister, Mary, had recently died. John ~тоtе а note to Robert : "Mr LiYersage is coming to Yisit. " (Mr Liversage was their solicitor.) Robert wrote "Why?" John \VГOte : "I don' l know. Не

phoned and said that he wanted to see us." At tllat moment there was а knock at the door. It was tlle solicitor, Mr Powell LiYersage. Не

had been to school with the brotЬers and was an o ld ffiend. Не too was llnmaпied .

"How ате you, Powell?" asked Robert. "Very welJ ," he replied. "Гvе come to teii you about yo liТ sister' s will. Did you know that she had left а will?" "No," answered Jolш and Robert together. "How much did she l e<~ve?"

" i 2000 poШJds . But Jet me read you the wi iJ ."

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d) Speaking. Oiscuss these questions witb а partner before you read part two. Wby do you think the brotbers quarre\ed? Do you think they quarreled about:

• money • the house • а woman

Wbat do you think is in tbe wi\1? Do you think: • the sister Jeaves the brothers 6000 pounds each? • She leaves all the money to one brother. Which one? • Sl1e lta1•t:S Lhem the money оп certain conditions? \vЪat conditions?

е) Read tbe part two and find out if your ideas are correct. "The Will"

Mr Liversage took the will out of his pocket and began to read. " То ту dear brothers John and Robert:

You have both behaved very stupidly. 1 have never understood 1vhy you quarreled about Annie Emery. You have been cruel and unfair lO poor Annie. She has waiced ten yearsfor one ofyou. So, John, if you marry Annie, I '// give al/ топеу со you. And Robert, if you marry her, l '// give ii toyou. And; ifneither ofyou marries her, all ту топеу wi/1 go to Annie herseif

Your ever-loving sister. Mary.

f) Speaking. Discuss these questions as а class before you read part 3.

• What do you think will happen? • What will John and Robert do? • Who will marry .A.nnie?

g) Read part three and fшd out ifyouг ideas аге correct?

"То marry or not to marry?" Тhе two brothers sat and thought for а long time. Ten years ago whcn А.;1.л..iе \lia5 а young

woman of 27, both John апd Robert had been iп Jove with her. They had had а violent quarrel and some teпiЬle things were said. Afterwards they had both wanted to make up and Ье frieпds again but Ьу this time they had stopped speakiпg to each other, so neither ot- them leamed that the other had decided not to marry Aшlie .

At two o'clock iп the moming John spoke: "Why don ' t we toss а coin for Aшlle? Heads or tЮis? "ТЮ !s," said Robert. But it was l1eads. The next eveniпg John went round to Annie 's house.

Powell Liversage was just Jeaving \Vhen he aпived. So in the end neither brother maпied .1\пn.ie . They are still bachelors to t..llis day, but at Jeast

they are now talking to each other again. Апd Амiе? Well, she got her revenge and now she's very h;~ppily married.

{-4.dapted/rom а srory Ьу Arnold Bennet)

h) Speaking. •Discuss these qucstions witb а paгtner. Then tell class your ideas.

• What happened wheп John weпt io Annie's house? • Why didn ' t Aшlle marry either brother? • Who did she mапу?

18

• \\IJю got tl1e тощ:у''

i) Coшplete theS(' sentenccs using Past Perfcct . 1. John апd Robert ll idл ' t speak 10 еас!1 otl!cr nccausc .. 2. Tl1ey 1vere \Yeariпg black Ьесанsс .. 3. Thcy didп't kn011· lh:.tl 1 l1 eiг s i steг .

-1 . Магу said iп her will t!Jat ... 5. \\i hcп Лnлiе was 27. bo th hrot.hcrs .. 6. Annie told Jolш tlшt sht• 1voulc!п ' t тапу l1 i111 о г hi s brot!Jer becausc . .

6. Gramшar. а) Write !he sentences using Pa~t Perf'ect or Past Simpk.

1. Kate (give)_ ше tl1 e book wiJicll sl1e ( Ьну) tl1e 'ciay iкГоге. 2 . Моt!ю (see) llыt .'\ick (not ' 1\ Зsll) lli s llands. 3. Tllc teac!Jer (tшderst;;.nd) that J olш (not 1 do) lli s l 1 orп ~1-vork.

4. Тош (гctнrn) fн>m t!Je сiпеша at fiн: o' clock. 5. Не (tl>i nk) tha1 !н: (lose) the пюnеу. ,

6. \\llн.;n 1 (1vake up) yesterday, Dacl (already/ go) lO work 7. Мю-у (think) that ller fatt1er (noil-coшe) home yet.

h) Rewrite tlte sentences putting the vcrhs iп brackets into Past Simple, Past Cuntiпuuu s ur Past Perf'ect.

1. В" e ight о 'c lock vesterda,. 1 (do) шу homevyork анd at eigllt. 1 (pl~y) t lк рi:шо.

' Ву six o· clock Т:lо Ь (соше) lюше and at six hc (llave) dinner. ·' · i\·Ъc n [ (met) Tom.l1e (e'11t) an н:е ~rеаш v!ihicjl he \ h'uy) at the CL\rner ifthe street. 4. \\1 hcпl1e (Соте) homc, l1i s sister (fead) а book whicl1 she (briгig) froш thc librar:. 5. \\ ' hеп mot!Jcг· (..:огn~) home. t!Jt childrcn (eat) soup vv·!1ich sl1e (cook) in thc: murпiпg. 6. \VIlen Т (l'orik) out of the-\v·indo\!i, thc children (play) witll а baJI vvhich Pete (briнg) fгom

llnmc·. , 7. Ву ten o·clock the clti ldrcn (sc r11e) сошtснтаЬiу on tlг.: sofa and at tеп tlн•y (wатс!1) а ТУ

tllm. 8. \\1!1 Cn Dllcia (сошс)lюmе. 11с (cook).tlle nшslн·oor11 S "1hic!1 v.e (gat!Jer) iпtl 1 c wщ1d.

9. When 1 (со те:) home yesterdaY, 1 (see) my litt lc (break) rny реп алd play vvirh it s pieces. l О \\IJJeпl cal lcd at hi s housc, the~ (tc!l ) me t!Jat he (k;NC) ;u1l10ш Ьеfоге.

11 . Не (w·aлtl to Yi sit thc place v1l1cre IJe' (li,·e) in hi s c hi ld lюod. 12. The telegran1 (соте) sоше шinнtes aftcr he (leav•e). 13. 1 (returп) to the hptel latc at night as 1 (lose) шу w-ay in th..: Гоg. 14. l (sc~) Pete v.•llo (st.and) at the door o!' tllc пюm . Не (1\·ait) for те as hc (losc) l1i s key апd

cott!tlп ' t get in. J:i. Whcry 1 (\yake up) , it (be)alreщiy teп o'c l ock. 1 (cal l ) mv brot!Jeг . Nobody (answt:r) . Н е

a l гcadv' (]eavc) 16. 1 (go ~р) to th~ орел wiпduw·. Т!1е rain' (sн ;r) aлct\lle sш1 (sl~пe) brightly. 'П1е hirds iп

the gardet1' (siпg). 1Ъе шошiпg (Ье-) line ).

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Lcsson 8

PERSONAL CHARACTERISТICS

1. Vocabulal)·. а) Match thc two paгts oftbe sentences and find the definitions. 1 . lf you асе careless ... . 2. Someone who is ~-3. lf уон асе organized, .. . 4. lfyo11 patient, . 5. An anxioнs person is someone who .. 6. ReliaЬle people ... 7. А !.!Qy_person ... 8. lf уон асе selfish, ..

а. is often nervous and worried. Ь. tries not to do any work. с . you care about only yourself, and not аЬонt other people. d. you plan and arrange things well . е. you make mistakes because you doп 't рау enough attention to what you асе doiпg. f. always keeps thiпgs arranged neatly and in the right place. g. always do what you need or expect them 10 do. h. you stay calm and you don't get annoyed.

Ь) Look at the underlined adjectives in а). Match them with their opposites below and complete the gaps. Positive qualities Negative qualities Caceful

disorganized hacd-working

impatient relaxed

impatient unselfish

untidy

с) Work in pairs. Choose t\\•o positive adjectives and two negative adjectives which describe you, say why. Example: Гт sometimes impatient и•hеп things go }Vrong, and 1 don 't likc ""'aitingfor people.

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2. Reading. а) Read the dialogue. Р:шl: Sarah, you·ve got th.ree child.ren, haven't yuu'? Sarah: Yes, there 's Lyn, who is J 8, David, \'iho's ] 5, апd the

youпgest is Ri~l1ard , who is 8. Paul: Huw are they different? Sara\1 : Well , l 'd say Lуп is the most organized and the most

reliaЫe - апd she's always happy to take charge. Paul: That' s great. Sarah: She's definite!y the tidiest and she ;vorks vcry" lшrd .

Paul: She souпds юо good to Ье true1 Does sl1e worry а lot') Sarah: Yes,- 1 thiпk s!Je's had а !Jard time, especially w!Jen s!1e

was youпger, because pareпts make all t.l1eir mistakes with the firstboms. Lуп is qui te anxious, w!Jereas the boys are much more relaxed.

Paul : What about David? Sarah:

Paul: Sarah:

Ран!:

Sarah:

Ран!:

Well , he 's the most independent. He' s quite happy doing things on his own - he's jнst соте back fi·um а \veek ' s cycling holiday, and he went on his ov-m. And he' s very unselfish - he' s a.lways ready to help - and he' s vet-y patient \vi th Riclшrd. What 's R.ichard like? Не 's tlle ·most easy-going. Не never woпies about anything - he' s а very l1appy child. His pruЬ\em is that he knows peoplc will do things for him so he' s а bit lazy. Sounds like the typical yoнngest child. Т kлow- апd he·s sometimes ra!her careless . . and although they say he' s very tidy at schooi, he' s нntidy at home. · He' ll grow out of that - but they all sound like very пiсе k.ids.

Sarah: Yes, they ' re ОК - most ofthe tim:: 1

Ь) Ask and an~\ver questions about tbe thгee children. WЪich one is thc . ') Most independent Most easy-going Laz.iest . , Tidiest ,. Most J·e !iaЫe

Most anxious No\\' compare thret children. Ьхатр/е: П1е lюys ше more ea.\y-going thшz Lyn. 'Lyn is tidie1· than Riclшrd.

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с) Wгiting.

Wгite five sentences compaгing people you kltow. Use compaгative adjectives. Example: Му bru1heг is lazier tlшn ту sister. Carmen is тме organized than Jamie. No\\' work in paiгs. Write your partner's sentences another way. Example: Му siste/" is тоге hard-working than ту brother. Jaтie is rnore disorganized than Сагтеп.

3. Grammar. а) Write the opposite of these adjectives Ьу adding the prefix un- or in-. Use а dictionary to check your answers. Corтect - incorrecr, crediЬie, dependent, direct, etficient, frieпdly, imaginati11e, interesting, kind, popular, sensitive, successful .

Ь) Write tbe sentences anotber way. Example: Му mother is more patient than my father.

Му тother is тоге impatient than тy/ather. 1. Jack is more hard-working than his boss. 2. The dining room is tidier than the sitting room. 3. Susie is more careless than her brother. 4. Trains are more reliaЬie than buses.

с) Rewrite the following with tbe correct adjectives in brackets. 1. He ' s the (strong) Ьоу in the whole school. 2. Ofthe two sisters, Mary is the (beautiful). 3. Ann is the (young) of four sisters. 4. John is the (o ld) of my friends. 5. This is the (good) novell've ever read. б. Which do you think is (good), tea or соШ~е? 7. lron is the (useful) ot' aJI metals. 8. The Nile is the (long) river in Africa. 9. \\fh.ich ofthe t\\'0 girls is (tall)? 10. DaYid is (bad) than his brother.

4. Reading. а) You are going to read the text about firstborn children in tbe family. WЬicb adjectives do you think describe а typical firstboш?

Ь) Now read tbe passage and cbeck. Do you agree or disagree with the analysis?

What do autlюr James .Joyce, tilm director Steven Spiclberg, actress Meryl St reep and forтner US President Carter have in coшmon? Each ofthe tour is the fi.rstborn in the farnily. And stati stics show that more tlшn half of the US presidents, 21 of th.e

22

first 23 austronauts and eпorrnous number of scientists, professors and сотраnу directors are fi rstboms. Js tl1eir success Ьесавsе oftheir position in the faшiJy?

The ans""·er is yes, very likely, according to Dr Kevin Lerпan, author of Growing Ир Firstbom. Не believes that fi rstboms are li kely to Ье good Jeaders ""1th а strong sense of responsibility because they have to look after tl1eir younger brothers анd sisters and help with ilie hol\Sework. They are usually careful, orgaпized, obedient, and reliaЫe . Tl1ey are often bossy Ьесавsе they enjoy te!ling people '''hat to do.

In Dr Leman ' s view, firstborns have а difficult time because their parents expect tl1em to Ье the most intelligent, the best­bellaved, the best-lookiпg and tl1e strongest.

So they have vcry high standards, and iliey are l\Sвa lly hard­working and amЬitious , but they are also likely to Ье anxious and they will probaЬly worry а lot. They often get impatient when things go wrong. They may Ье too serious and they are sometimes selfish . FirstЬorns want things to Ье perfect. Altlювgh

this is the key to their success. Dr Leman thinks it is also their gтeatest proЫem .

с) Group work. Look at the Jist below. What is your positiun in the family?

Tl1e firstborn the youngest child The middle child an only child

Make groups with other students who have the same position in the family. What do you have in common? Сап you agree on а general pгofile? Now tell otheг gгoups wbat you think.

5. Gгammar. а) Look at this sentence: Althoвgh he's very tidy at school, he' s вntidy at home. = He's very tidy at school, but he's untidy at home. Now rcwrite thesc sentences using although. 1. She's the oldest child, but she's very easy-going. 2. Не worked hard Ьul-he failed the exam.

' з:. She drives fast Ьвt she drives caref'ully. 4. The train was only а few mi.J.шtes late but the passengers got

impatieni. '' 5. He's usвally reliaЬle Ьut he.forgot to lock the door.

6. I' m quite independent but 1 doп' t like eating alone.

Ь) Complete tbese sentences with although or because. 1 . . . . she' s very shy, she 1\•ants to Ье an actress. 2. David is anxioнs е:·. he 's worried t11at he ' l\ rniss the plane. 3. l ' ve asked for an alarm call .: . iliis c10ck isn 't very rel i aЬie . 4. Ruth looked very calm .'·:-: she'd lost all her mовеу.

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5. . .. Т ' ~ quite orgaпized, I'm not vcry tidy. 6. We didn' t енjоу the play ·: . it was very depressing.

6. Writing. Write а paragraph about the children of а family you know well. Say what the brothers and sisters are Iike, and compare their characters.

7. Read "What's your number?" and fill in the missing words from the list be\ow. Depгessed/ difjicuJtl drinkl jirst/ friends/ good/ help/ hurt/ independent/ kn01v/ money/ problemsl sayl sensel woriJI.

Many реор1е believe that our 1ives are influenced Ьу numbers. How do you discover your own magic number? Just add up the numbers in your date ot' birth. Continue until you get а number between 1 апd 9, like this: 22 November 1976: 22.11 .1976

2+2+1+1+1 +9+7+6=29 2+9= 11 1+1=2

No\v find out your number, and what it says about you. 1) You are bom to Ье а leader, апd you waпt to come~ in everythiнg you do. You are creative, self-confident, amЬitious ,

апd determined to succeed. You are sometimes impatient, but you are usually cheerful апd optirnistic . You are popu1ar, you are always ready to ~ your triends, and you Jove children. Careers: entertainment, sport. 2) Home is where your heart is. You love your fami1y, and familiar objects, so you find it ~ to throw things away. You are sympathetic and warm-hearted, but you сап Ье too sensitive if your feelings are ~· You are not very confident and you often get anxious. Careers: doctor, nurse, social worker. 3) You talk all the time, and you read and travel а lot. You are always ready for aпything, апd people find you exciting. But sometimes you are two-faced and ~ things you don ' t mеап. You are not very ~ at expressing your true feelings. Career: wтiter, broadcaster, advertiser. 4) You are а bom optimist. You are likely to Ье very successful a.r1d you are Jucky. You !ike traveling ar1.d haviлg а good time. У ou are not always orgaпized , апd you may spend more ~ thaп you сап afford. У ou should Ье careful not to eat апd too much. Careers: big business, property. 5) You are warm and generous. Your close /Iiends are very important to you - pa.rtly because you are not very ~ or confident. You are sometimes la.zy, a.nd you ~ too much about what people think ofyou. Careers: working with people, teacher, сотраnу representative.

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6) У ou have very hig]1 standards, апd you hate т.о Ье disappoiпted

Ьу people. You also hate fai lure. У ou l1ave а stroпg seпse of respoпsibility апd а good __ of humor. You need а patient, loving partner. Careers: politics, property. 7) You are artistic, musical , creative, апd romantic - but thi s causes you _ . You are tempeт·ameпtal , and sometimes you get lost in your dieams апd forget about reality. You may even Ье psychic! Careers: artist, arтor, t'asl1ioн desigпei , plюtogiapllёi .

8) You are highly imaginative, and people fiпd you exciting because they never _ >vhaт you will do next. This isn' t al>vays а good thing апd you may make yourselfunpopular throнgh beiпg careless апd unreliable. But you make _ easily, апd you will always Ье inteiestiпg .

Careers: computers, advertisiпg, j ourпalism, broadcastiпg.

9) У он ю·е extremely stroпg and single-minded. You don ' t get. _ Ьу problems, апd you are deteimined to \Vin. У ou are assertive, sometimes а little selfish, and you сап нsнal ly make people do \vhat уон want. У ou look for power antl adventнre iп life. Careers: athlete, policeman.

8. Grammar. а) Study this information and \\'Ork out how old the people are: Zoe is 2 years younger than Alex. Alex is younger than Steve or John . John is 30 years old. Mick is 7 years older than John. Steve is 11 years older than Zoe. Mick is the oldest. Steve is 3 years younger than Mick . Zoe is the youngest.

Ь) Complete the sentences. Use the comparati\'e of the words in brackets + than. You also ha"·e to use а little, а Ьit, muchl а lot/far. Example: Нет illness \vas muc.l-z more serious than \\'С at first thought. (much! serious). 1. It's _ today __ it was yesterday. (а litt_le/ >varm) 2. You're driving too fast. Сап you drive _ - ? (а bitl slowly) 3. А: Did you enjoy your visit to the museum?

В : Yes, l found it __ I expected. (far/ interesting) 4. I prefer this armc!шir. lt' s __ the othtr one. (much/

comfortable) 5. You looked depressed this morning but you look _ no>v.

(а bit/ happy)

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6. This flat is too smal l for me . 1 need something _. (muci1/ hig)

7. lt 's _ to learn а toreign tanguage in the country wl1ere it is spoken. (а lotJ easy)

с) Complete the sentences. You have to use the structure ... and ... Examp/e: It's becoming harder and harder to find а job. (hard)

lt 's becoming more and mnre. dijficult to find ajob. (difficult)

1. As 1 waited for my iпterview, I became _. (nervous) 2. That hole in your pullover is gettiпg _ . (big) 3. This suitcase seeтed to get _ as 1 carried it along the road.

(heavy) 4. As the day went on, the weather got _. (bad) 5. As the conversation went оп, he became _ . (talkative) 6. Travelling is becoтing _ . (expensive) 7. Since she has been in Britaiп, her English has got _. (good)

d) Complete the sentences using as ... as. Example: Г т quite tall but you are taller. l'm поt as tall as you.

1. М у salary is lligh but yours is higher. М у salary isп ' t .. . 2. You kno'v а bit about cars Ьнt I know тоге. У он don' t .. . 3. 1 still smoke but 1 used to sтoke а lot more. I don ' t ... 4. 1 still feel quite tired but f felt а lot more tired yesterday. I

don ' t ... 5. They've lived here for quite а long time but we've lived he1·e

longer. They haven' t .. . 6. I \vas а bit nervous before the interview Ьнt usually Гт а lot

more nervous. 1 wasn·t ... 7. The weather is sti!J uпpleasant today but yesterday it was

wurse. The weather i sп ' t ...

е) Complete the sentences with а superlative and а preposition. l. It's а very cheap restaшant. It's ... the town. 2. It was а very happy day. lt was .. . ту life. 3. He ' s а very гich man. He's one ... the \Vorld. 4. She's а very inteJ!igent student. She ... the school. 5. lt's а very old castle. It' s .. . Britain. 6. He ' s а very good player. Не ... the tearn. 7. It v.·as а very bad experience. lt was ... ту life. 8. lt's а very valuable painting. lt ... the gallery. 9. He 's а very dangeюus criтinal. Не . . . the country 1 О. It's а , ·ery nice room. It' s .. . the lюtei.

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f) Here are some questions for you to answer. But first you !Ja\'C to write the questions using the words in brackets. Then answeг them. Example: \Vhat/ large/ city/ your country? - What is the largest cily in your counrry?

l . who/ famous siпger/ your country'> 2. what/ popular sport/ your country'> 3. what/ expensive tl1ing/ you/ ever bought? 4. what/ happy day/ your life? 5. \Vhatl stupid thing/ you/ ever dоне·' 6. who/ intelligent personl you know? 7. who/ beautiful personl you know?

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Lesson 9

TOWNS, CIТIES

\. Vocabulary. а) Work in pairs. Ask and say how you feel about your town or village. llove it. lt'J all rig/11. 1 сап 't stand it

Which of the followiпg adjectives сап you use to describe your tО\\'П or village? lnterestingl boringl anпoying/ tfepresJingl frighteningl marve/ous/ beautiful/ peaceful/ noisyl lovely Сап you explaiп why? Examp/e: 1 jind i1 boring because fhere 's nothing ro do in the et-•enin~~s.

Ь) Wbat facilities do you have within two kilomctcrs ofyour home? Theatre/ cinema/ Slvimming pool/ railway stationl ho~pitall clrurchl щpermarket/ bookshop/ libraryl market/ bar/ museum. \Vhicb иrе the most important to you? Аге there апу importaпt facilities which you doп't have?

2. Readiпg.

Read "М у Кind of Town" апd match the eight paragraphs with the followiпg headiпgs: The view from the window Typeoftown fдes and dislikes 'changes

А. We've only recently retW1led to live here and the town is almost as 1 remembeгed it. But sum~ things are different. i miss having breakf"ast in the market at George's caf:J \vhich closed а few years ago. And tl1ese days l can ' t stand shopping in tl1e town center. There 's so much more trafiic, and so many people. It. used to Ье quiet. В. It 's not а large town, although about а hundred thousand people live here . The university is the rnain feature ofthe town, and it has lots of uid, very ariractive buildings. Тhе shops are good and there's а market, plenty of bookshops and some very nice pubs. С:. We live in an o!d house on а hill not far fl'om tl1e centcr oftovm. From our back window, I сап see our r,arden, whicl1 is full of fruit trees and fluwйs. Он tht uther side of the garden fencc there ' s а road anct the park.

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D. Внt 1 Jon 't riнпd Ji,• iпg here JIOW . 1 .nвdon isn ' i tШ· av\•ay and the tmin is \•егу tast. Авd 1 _ln\'e going .r.н· а vva~ks iп towв or Ь~ t?::, ri~~· nn \\аJ'Ш summ~r eveшngs. 1 hеп: s lots ol j,!_гeen space, pli'ace anCI ц t1i et.

Е . lli н:d l1~гс tl l·t .-eн ~cars agu '' 11.-n 1 v.;a;, а stшkпt. Not mucЬ Ьаs clыng . ..:ll. altlюuj,!_IJ tlle,.·,e just fiпi sЬed buillling а пе"' shopping ~ешег. Анd 1 remeшtю s.:eiпg rnore fi~ ld~ <m tl1e l1ill s arouпd the [0\\11 F. "-;ru:i be\<JIJU tl1t ршk tilere·s а w·ondeгflll \i <''' oft l к tJ.\\\11 . , sшт~~ ш1der.J \_,: Ьi ii :-; in 1i1e di ~tance.l c;J11 ' t Ьеl р 1hi n kit~~ i1·~ опс L) { ~ tl1e most Ьcautit't ll ' 'ie,,., iп tl1e vv·orl c!. (;. 1 rcgJ·cr '.рсп,!iпg Jll ту tiшe :1s а stlldeпt i п tllc' ( tJJicт <)t' t~\\' 11.;,

At \\cckeш! s " ·е reJ!!y епjоу visitiп g pla;;c :; ncarb;. щ· tak ing а bou; 011 й1с: гi\ t'Г. The c<i untr;.~i<le is " ·om!eJ·t'lll. ащ! theг.:· s s<J m tк11 to

see. Н. lt' s а li \·e ly placc anll theтe's 1ots to d<• here. ·!неге агс se, ·cгa l cinemas. а cotlpk oftЬeatrcs. a•Jd plenty ot· concerls - з l thollgl1

w·e·vc stopped goiпg out iп the evening becausc \ve\;e got t\VO \· С Г)

young children.

3. Speaking. \Vork in pairs. Talk about advaпtages and disadvantages of living in thc town or the country.

4. Grammar. а) Write these senteoc('S changing the verbs into ~erunds:

1. Do you like (make) cakes? 2 . 1 di slike (get up) at se•1en o' clock every moming. 3. 1 staтted (work) here eight years ago. 4 . Do you prefer (travel) Ьу plane or Ьу ship? 5. I hate (v.-тite) "thank you" letters. 6. I gave up (drive) after 1 had а bad accident. 7. Т miss (Ье) аЬ!е to visi t my fam ily. 8. 1\ove (sit) here Ьу tЬе sea in the evenings. 9. 1 think it ' s time to stop (play) football.-1 О. What time did you finish (read) last night? 11 . Why don ' t you like (go) to discos? 12 . I think l ' ll start (pack) my suitcasc. 13. 1 enjoy (play) tennis, but 1 don' t like (watch) it. 14. \Vhat time will you fiпisl1 (study) today? 15. I can't understand people who don't like (dance).

5. Writing. Write some sentences descrihing your feelings about where you live. Use а gerund constructiou

6. R('нding. Read the passage about Rio de Janeiro ашl make notes оп what the writer likes about the city.

Rio de Janeiro is а marvelous place. I have met по опе \vho is di sappointed wher. they get there . \Vhat do I like rnost about the

29

place? Well , I sнppose I like the beaches most of а\1. They run for over J 20 miles апd no other city in the world сап offer so much saпd and sea. У ou need only to cross the street апd there you are. You сап go swimming in the winter as well as in the summer. You сап sleep or exercise, sunbathe or play Ьа\1.

The sociaJ life is good and there ' s lots ofit beyond the beach. There are plenty of bars апd restaurants on the pavement where уон сап eat апd drink in the open air.

The inhabitants of Rio are friendly апd relaxed and the place of !ife is quiet and peaceful, except for the fact that there are more cars in the streets than in almost апу other city in the world. У ou сап find this pleasaпt atrnosphere in the ceпter ofthe city as well, which is very differeпt from the beach. Copacabana and Ipanema are fairly modem districts, but the center of Rio has the character of an old Portнguese town, with тапу beautiful o\d buildiпgs, churches and squares.

lt's worth goiпg up the Corcovado апd the Sugar Loaf Mountain; the views are spectacular. У ou сап go up the Corcovado either Ьу car or Ьу the small railway. For the Sнgar Loaf, take the саЬlе car. lfyou want to take photos, the best time of day for the Sugar Loaf is the moming and for the Corcovado is the aftemooп. Either mouпtaiп is fabulous for photos and пight .

There is pleпty of nightlife iп Rio. The city has many theatres and cinemas. У ou сап talk with friends at а pavement caffi over several glasses of beer or go to а nightclub to hear the Ьest composers and perforrns of populю· Brazilian music. Тhere are many restaurants too, but all ofthem serve excellent seafood and Brazilian food.

The best time of year to visit Rio is duriпg the Camival. There are parades of people in wonderful costнmes , dancers, mнsicians , people waviпg flags. It really is а spectacular sight.

Write а title for each paragraph on separate piece of paper Close your book and write as much as you сап remember from the passage on Rio. Use your notes and paragraph titles to help you.

7. Grammar. а) Complete these sentences Ьу saying how you feel about places you know. Example: Birmingham is boring.

1. _ is depressing. 2. _ is ftightening. 3. i s interesting. 4. _ is lively. 5. _ is lovely. 6. _ is peaceful.

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Ь) W rite some defioition of the following places. Example: railway station is а place where you сап catch а tгain

l . market. 2. hospital 3. library 4. restaurant 5. theatre 6. supeпnarket

7. museum

с) Complete the sentences Ьу descгiЬing уоuг feelings about уоuг countгy.

l enjoy_ 1 don' t mind_ I love 1 can' t stand

d) Wгite down tbe nouns fгom the list below which go with the following adjectives:

market/ museurnl river/ town! tree/ view

! . Beautiful 3. Boring __ 5. Marvelous

2. Lively _ _ 4. Frightening _ б. Peaceful

ComЬine each adjective with anotheг noun.

8. Reading. а) If you had to move, which of the places would you most like to li\'e in, and which would you least like to \ive in? Give уоuг гeasons.

Ь) Read thгee descгiptions of p\aces and choose оп е wheгe yflu would like to live in. 1) I'd like to live in а large flat on the top floor ofa luxuгy apartment Ьlock in а quiet residential area of а large city. I'd like to ha\·e parks and other open spaces around. I want to see mountains from the window. I wouldn ' t. like to live at the seaside resort, but I'd like to

li ve not far from the coast. 2) I would love t.o live in the center of а шedium-sized t0\\'11. I want to have а!! the noпnal faci lities like banks, cinemas and supermarkets. I'd like to live in а historical cente!' with а castle or an old church but l don' t Jike crowds ot'tourists. I'd love to live near а river or а Jake. 3) I like living in а small cottage in а country lane on the outskirts of а village. I'd love to have а few small shops and а friendly pub in the village. It must Ье surrounded Ьу countгyside and Ье about ten miles from the nearest town. Ideally, I'd like to li ve in а hiJly area cJose to а forest.

3!

с) Scan thc thгee descгiption~ ашl underline atl the place woгds

you сип find. List the woгds undeг thc following headiogs: housing: jlar communities: 101vn naturalfeatures: moumain fa cilities: shop parts oj community: ourskirrs d) Work in paiгs .

TЬink of your dгeam ог nightmare home, and describe it to your paгtner.

9. Grammar. а) Wгite sentenceN about yourself. Say " 'hether you like or don' t like these activities. Choose оп е of these verbs for each sentence: don 't like/ havel enjoyl don 't mind. Example: (fl yin!!) 1 don · г likef/ying.

1. (playing cards) 2. (doing tl1e i гoп i ng)

3. (going 10 m us.:ums) 4. (lying on tl1e bcach ail day)

Ь) Write how " 'ould you feel about doing these jobs? In уоuг sentences use оп е of thesc: l'd Jike/ 1 wouldn 't Likel l'd Lovel l'd hatel 1 wouldn 't mind Example: (а teacher) 1 lvouldn 't like to Ье а teacher.

1. ( а denti st) 2. (а hairdresser) 3. (an airliвe pilot) 4. (<t touri st gtJidc)

с) Put in а s uit:~Ыc verb in the соггесt form, -ing ог to .. . 1. lt's nicc to Ье " ·ith oth<:r r eople but sornetimes 1 enjoy

a lone . 2. l 'm no t qaite ready y<:t . ГJо уон miпd ~ а lin le longer? 3. Wheп 1 \\•as а child. Т hatcd . to bed ear\y. 4. 1 doп ' t енj оу ~ letters. 1 сап пе\·еr think \Vhat 10 \vri te. 5. 1 песd а Пt:\\' _j ub. 1 can ' t staпd hcre апу nюre .

6. 1 \VotJ!d IO\'e to ) ош \vedd i пg .

7. Caroli ne ПС\ 'СJ. " ·ears а l1at. Shc tloesn ' l l ik ~ hats. 8. .. \\ .oн l d уон like _ _ dо\\·л · !" "No, thanks. 1'1 1 stand"

9. \\'IIcn 1 lla\'C to catcl1 а t raiв , Г m al\\'ays worried that 1'11 miss it. So Т like ~ to the station iп plcnty of time.

1 О. На, ·е уон got а momeпt'.' 1'd like to у<ш ~ lxшt sorncthing.

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d) Complete the following sentences using would like or like. Put thc verb in brackets in tbe correct form.

1. Тl•ere' s а good film on at the Odeon Ciпema . _ you _ Csee) it with me?

2. l 'm thirsty I _. _ something to drink. 3. "Who is уош favourite painter?" " ! _ all Impressionists,

especially Мопеt." 4. "Do vou do а.пу spoгt.?" " Yes, 1 (sv.~m) а.пd lPlay}

football •· - - ' 5. She's leaming Italian because she _(go) to Italy on ltaly

next.yea,r. 6. " _ you -~1еаш) .Cnglish" "Yes, but sometimes l find it а

Ьit difficult ."

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STOI' A~D СНЕСК

J. Fill in the gaps witb have/ has Ьееп (to) or· have/ has gone (to) . 1. "Whcre are Тот and Locy?" "They _ the theatre." 2. 1 don' t li\•e in London. J _ only _ there once. 3. 1 arn alone in the hoose. М у parents _ on holiday. 4. "ls Philip at home?" '·No, he _ v.·ork." 5. М у friend wants os to go on holiday to Madrid this sшnmer, but 1 _ already _ there. 6. Anita has just соше home. She _ the tl1eatre. 7. " Whcre are Julia and Dave?" "They _ sports center witl1 their friends."

2. Put tbe verbs in brackets into the Past Simple or the Present Perj'ect Simple. 1. А: 1 (go) to the new gym yesterday.

В : lt 's good, isn't it? 1 (go) there а few times. 2. А: (you/ write) to Siшon lately?

В : Yes, 1 (write) him а letter last \Veek. 3. А: How long (you/ Ье) married?

В: Only for six шonth . 1 (get) шarried last Dccember. 4. А: l (поt/ see) Sаш for а long time.

В : Really? I (see) him yesterday at the swimming pool. 5. А: (you/ type) the report yet?

В : Yes, 1 (fini sh) it hal f an hош ago. б. А : Mary (kпow) Steven for six years.

В : When (they/ meet)? А: When they (Ье) at university together.

7. А : (you/ ever/ play) rugby? В: Yes, I have. I (play) for the first time last week.

8. А: James (write) а new book last year. В : 1 know. 1 (read) some great reviews about it in the newspaper ..

3. Correct the mistakes. J. We have bought а new sofa last month. 2. Jim lives in Germany for three years. 3. Му iather has went fi shing. 4. She is just moved the lюuse. 5. We have eaten lunch at one o ' clock. 6. Sophie has do her homework. 7. Ann апd Tim have got married ten years ago. 8. 1 arn at school since nine o'clock.

4. Put tbe verbs in brackets into the correct tense. Dear Berr,

1 (write) to teii you what а greai lime и•е (huve) ut lhe Sour Grupes concerr las/ weekend. li 's а pily you (not/ соте).

The coпcet·J (take) р/асе inlhefootba/1 stadium near the university. Thet·e (Ье) about 80000 people rhere. vf!hile и•е (waiij ro ger in, 111е (see) rhe members ofthe gt·oup urrive in и Ыg Ыасk limo. They (have) bodyguards wirh rhem. Anyway, we (find) оuг seals and (wait) impatiently for lhe concert то begin. The Sour Grapes (t·ecenllyl 1·ecord) ап album >vhich (Ьесоте) very successful.

3-1

The concerl (last) for мо and а halflюurs. 1 (send) you sоте plю!os !haL Alex (rake) И'hеп и·с

(Ье) tlи!re. We (hear) that the Sour Grapes (give) а Ьig concar in Loпdon nexl топth. Perlюps

you сап see theт !here.

5. Choose the correct tense.

Best JYishes, Roger

1. James is а good student. Не (do/ is doing/ does) his homework every evening. 2. I (have seen/ saw/ am seeing) this film . Let' s watch something else. 3. Fred fell off the Jadder while he (has painted/ was painting/ painted). 4. Ted (sold/ has sold/ is selling) his car last moшh.

5. The sun (is rising/ rises/ was rising) every morning. 6. 1 (have boughtl am buying/ bought) my first cassette p]ayer \vhen f \Vas eighteen. 7. Donna (has just washed/ is washing/ washes) her hair. It 's stilJ wei.

6. Put thc verbs in brackets into Present Perfect Continuous or Present Perfect Simple. А : Good evcniнg and wclcome 10 our show. Tonight we l1ave Steve Connolly, the well-kлown

director. \Ve' rc glad to havc you here, Steve. What (you/ do) Jatcly? В : Well , 1 (finish) my latest film, "DouЬle Cюssing".

А: That (justl come out) at the cinemas, hasn' t it? В: Yes. The papers (give) it good reviews. I hope they' lllike my next film too. А: (you/ decide) what it' ll Ье about? В: Yes, l (read) an exciting book over the last few weeks and I \vant to make it into а tilm.

I (notl decide) where to film yet, perhaps Moscow. А: Aha1 ls it true that you (receni.l y/ start) learning Russian" В : Yes, l (study) it for three years now and Т (visit) tl1e country t\vice. А: Steve, t11ank you very much tor being wiili us, and а good luck with your new tilш .

7. Put the verb in brackets into Present Perfect Continuous, Present Conti11uous or Present Simple.

Dear Diaгy,

lt 's Sunday again. 1 (Ье) so bored. 1 (пotl kn01v) what to do. Мит is inthe kitchen. She (cook) siпce eighl о 'clock this тогпiпg. Dad 's in the garden Не (тоw) the lawпfoг nvo hours. Не

(alи10ysl work) iп !he gardeп оп Suпday тorniпgs. Jiтту is iп his rоот. Не (do) his hoтe1voгk. Не (sюу) jor IJis history tesr for ап hour. Не (пeverl play) ~vith те. Gmпdpa (1·ead) 11is пewspaper and Grandтa (knit) ajuтpafor те fl.vo weeks. Thejuтpeг is yellow and 1 (hate) yellow. 1 (sit) аlопе iп ту bedrooт all тorniпg. You 'ге ту оп/у сотрапiоп

8. Join the sentences using the words in brackets. Use Past Perfect. 1. She cleaned me house. Then, she watched TV. (after) 2. 1 found а solotion to my proЬiem. Тhен, I felt happier. (when) 3. The boys fini shed their homework. Then, they went out to play. (before) 4. Не locked the door. Then, the phone rang. (after) 5. Sarah washed the dishes. Then, her husband arrived. (Ьу the tiшe) б. The concert fini shed. Then, the fans lefi ilie stadium. (when) 7. The play started. Then, Ненгу arrived at the ilieatre. (already ... when)

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9. Put the adjectives in brackets into the comparative or superlative form adding necessary words.

1. Darшy is clever, but Melaлie is _ he is. 2. Russia is а big country. Ln fac t, it is _ country __ the world. 3. Малу fruits are sweet, but 1 think that grapes are _ frнit_ all. 4. I'm tall , but my sister is _Т am. 5. Му grandfather is very generous man. Не is __ anyone else I know. б . Chocolate ice-cream tastes good, but strawberry ice-cream tastes even_ chocolate. 7. I am young, but my brother is __person _ our faшily. 8. Pamela's parents ~re ri ch, hнt Rrian 's parents are _ Pamela's. 9. Apple pie is delicious, but cherry pie is _ all . 1 О . Billy алd Steven are funny. They are _ boys _ту class.

JO. Make sentences using the comparative or superlative form ofthe adjective in brackets, or (not) as ... as.

1. I like cats. Theyf snake (nice). 2. Everest/ mountain in the world (high). 3. М у dog сал hear C\1erything. 1 сал' t. His hearing/ шinc (good) 4. Don 't eat hamburgers! They/ for your health/ fruit (good). 5. Jo is growing very fast. Не алd his father are the same height. He's/ his father (tall).

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Lesson Grammar

5. Farne Pгesent Perfectl Past Simple

6. Earning а living Present Perfect Simple/ Continuous

7. А love story Past Perf'ect

8. Personal characteristics Compaiatives/ Superlatives Although

9. Towns. cities

Stop and check

Adjective prefixes and suffixes (dis-/ im-/ un-)

Gerund Likes/ dislikes Would like/ like

РедаЮ'Ор Н.Н. КАЛИНИН.Л.

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