bodies of air that bring distinctive weather features to the country. a mass of air in air that is...
Post on 19-Dec-2015
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WEATHER SYSTEMS
&CLOUD TYPES
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Bodies of air that bring distinctive weather features to the country.
A mass of air in air that is very uniform in temperature, pressure, and humidity. Polar = coldTropical = warmMaritime = moist
Continental = dry
Air Masses
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Air Masses May cover several millions of square
kilometers and extend vertically throughout the troposphere
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Pressure of Air Masses
•Air Pressure = weight of air acting on an area
Area
Weight
Area
Forceessure Pr
•Warm Air has more KE and spreads out more.Therefore, it’s less dense and has less weight .This means less pressure.
Warm Air Masses are less dense and have Lower Pressure
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Pressure Systems
Uneven heating of the Earth’s surface causes differences in air pressureWarm Air Low Pressure SystemCold Air High Pressure System
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Weather Map: Fronts, Systems, Jet stream
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Weather Fronts
A front is the transition zone between two air masses of different density. Fronts extend not only in the horizontal direction, but in the vertical as well.
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Cold Front & Air Masses
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Global Wind Patterns
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Cold Front on a Weather Map
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Warm Front on a Weather Map
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Occluded (Stationary) Fronts
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Wind Patterns
Air flows from areas of high pressure into those of low pressure
Northern Hemisphere: air flow from areas of high to low pressure is deflected to the right; producing a clockwise circulation around an area of High pressure.
Counter-clockwise circulation around an area of Low pressure.
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Wind Circulation Patterns
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Weather Forecasting Tools Used:
Thermometer (temperature) Barometer (pressure)Hygrometer (humidity)Radar (storm & cloud movement)Satellite imagery (storm & cloud movement)
National Weather Service Boise Site: http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/boi/ Weather Channel Site: http://www.weather.com/
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Weather Maps
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Climate Average of all weather conditions in
area over a long timeEx: temperature, precipitation
Climate is cyclically influenced by ocean currents & temperaturesEl Niño & La Niña
These variations alter: surface windsurface ocean temperatures deep ocean temperatures
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Climate Cycles
Caused by variations in ocean currents & temperatures○ Cycles occur every 3-7 years○ El Niño: characterized by unusually
warm ocean temperatures in the Equatorial Pacific
○ La Niña: characterized by unusually coldocean temperatures in the Equatorial Pacific
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Normal vs. El Niño Ocean Temperatures
Unusually warm ocean temperatures in the Equatorial PacificWinters are warmer than normal in the Northern States & cooler than normal in the Southern States
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Normal vs. La Niña Ocean Temperatures
Unusually cold ocean temperatures in the Equatorial PacificWinters are cooler than normal in the Northwest &warmer than normal in the Southeast
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Cloud Characterization
Clouds are characterized by:1. Height above the ground
a) Cirro
b) Alto
c) Nimbo
2. Type of cloud
a) Cirrus
b) Cumulus
c) Stratus – any cloud type can form layers
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Cloud Levels & Types
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Cloud Levels & Types
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Cloud Levels & Types
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Layers of the Atmosphere