Based on your score, are you sleep deprived?

Which myths did you believe in? Which myths did you know were myths? What did Russell Foster teach you? What did Jessa Gamble teach you? What do you know about adolescent sleep?

Sub Packet Rewind and Reflection

Myth #9: Researchers Have Demonstrated that

Dreams Possess Symbolic Meaning

To discuss this myth, we need to clarify what dreams are and how dreams happen.

1. What is consciousness?◦ Our awareness of what is going on inside and

outside of our “self”◦ This requires sensory input!

2. Sleep is an altered state of consciousness because:

◦ Our sensory input is “altered”◦ We are not fully aware of what is going on inside

and outside of our self◦ Our senses are not “off,”

just altered

Consciousness and Altered States

What did you learn about yourself in the sleep survey?

Getting your zzzzzzz’s

We spend 1/3 of our lives sleeping.

How much sleep are you (average teen) supposed to get? ◦ 9.25 hours (10 for athletes)

Adults?◦ 8 hours

Infants?◦ 12-14 hours

3. Sleep

About 90% of 6th period is sleep deprived!About 91% of 7th period is sleep deprived!About 71% of our national population is sleep

deprived.

Are You Sleep Deprived?

Link between lack of sleep and your health◦ Stress◦ Depression◦ Immunity

Studies have also shown a link between lack of sleep and ability to think & perform.◦ School/Work◦ Accidents◦ Memory◦ Speed/Accuracy

5. How Does a Lack of Sleep Affect You?

Typically we should feel wide awake, alert, and energetic all day long WITHOUT a significant midday drop in alertness.

Sleep & Performance

Dr. James Maas (Cornell University), says we sleep for 2 reasons:

1) Our bodies run on cycles called circadian rhythms, sleep is one. Light is the most powerful cue affecting sleep. 8. Darkness triggers the release of melatonin; the

hormone that brings on sleep. Built in biological rhythm for our sleep, wake, energy

cycles.

7. Sleep & Performance

Are you a lark or an owl?http://www.bbc.com/news/health-27161671?quiz=true

Extreme Lark: Extreme morningModerate Lark: Moderate morningBalanced: Neither typeModerate Owl: Moderate eveningExtreme Owl: Extreme evening

Circadian Rhythms

2) The longer we are awake, the GREATER our need for mentally & physically

restorative sleep.

9. 1 hour of sleep to pay for every 2 hours of wakefulness*Tire after being up for 16 hours.*Sleep debt is cumulative

7. Sleep & Performance

Depends on the stage of sleep:

NREM: Stages 1 – 4Rejuvenates BODY

REM: Stage 5Rejuvenates MIND

10. Benefits of Sleep?

Measuring Sleep…An EEG

When You Sleep…

Alpha Waves(1)◦ 15.Myclonic Jerks

Theta Waves (2)◦ Spindles

Delta Waves(3-4) Rapid Eye

Movement◦ Beta Waves

12. Sleep Stages

13. Stages During One Night’s Sleep

14. Sleep Patterns Change Over the Lifespan

Best length of a nap is 20 minutes. ◦ Why?

How can teens make up for their sleep debt?◦ Good naps (not bad)◦ Don’t use naps to create

a bad sleep schedule Nothing takes the

place of a good, regulated sleep schedule!

6. Naps

17. VIVID DREAMING◦ Paradoxical sleep

MEMORY CONSOLIDATION Learning Long-term muscle memory (the skills we

practice) Happens during the 8th and 9th hours in a

continuous cycle!

15. Benefits of Sleep: REM

Dr. Dement◦ REM Deprivation Studies

Pre Test Post Test

◦ REM Rebound (get the ball back) It is VERY necessary!

15. REM Sleep

Blood supply to muscles increases Tissue growth and repair occurs Energy is restored Hormones are released, such as: Growth

hormone, essential for growth and development, including muscle development

Cortisol levels (stress hormone) depletes

16. Benefits of sleep: NREMDEEP SLEEP

What about this myth? Have researchers found that dreams

possess symbolic meaning? Let’s test this for ourselves … Dream Packet/Homework Get Started!

We Know WHEN We Dream, So ..

Which interpretation was the best?◦ Why?

What evidence is there to support the interpretations that make the most sense?

Are there universal truths about dream content?

What questions do you usually ask yourself/others as you interpret the content of a dream?

Dream Interpretations

Recallers vs. Non-Recallers

Sequence of Dreams (Cartwright)◦ 1: review of problem related to days events◦ 2 & 3rd: recall earlier episodes of day◦ 4: set in the future◦ 5: ties all elements together into 1 bizarre tense “extravaganza” or “finale”!

Everyone Dreams

2 characters, in addition to the dreamer Indoors More passive (you are watching) More hostile/unpleasant More strange males than females

Male dreams tend to differ from females: Males: More active, fighting, naked, $$$ Females: More endangered, emotional (not

aggressive)

Typical Dream Content

20 MOST COMMON DREAMS: (self-report) Falling (83) Being attacked or pursued (77) Trying repeatedly to do something (71) School, teachers, studying (71) Sexual experiences (66) Arriving too late (64) Eating (62) Being frozen with fright (58)

REM & Dreaming

Being locked up (56) Finding money (56) Swimming (52) Snakes (49) Being dressed inappropriately (46) Being smothered (44) Being nude in public (43) Fire (41) Failing an exam (39) Flying (34) Seeing self as dead (33)

a. Freud via regia – the royal road to the unconscious The Interpretation of Dreams (1900) Id allowed to seep out while ego shuts down Universal symbolic truths (sexual and aggressive) Manifest (storyline) vs. Latent (hidden) content

b. Extensions of daily life Most dreams (early in the night) reflect daily

activities

c. Spiritual portal Reflect communication with spirit world/God/Gods Allow you to predict the future

18. Do Dreams Having Symbolic Meaning?

d. Activation-synthesis (Hobson & McCarley) Brain very active during REM sleep Many neurotransmitters released Frontal lobes dampened Limbic system activated

Emotion/memory All of this activity allows for the synthesis of memory

Lucid Dreaming – Being aware that you are dreaming while dreaming and controlling the content.

◦ Some Research Stress/Sleep Schedule/8-9 Hours

◦ Train Yourself!

Do Dreams Have Symbolic Meaning?

Today: May 26◦ Finalize Dream Film◦ Finalize Myth #9 Notes - DUE◦ Myth #10 Notes (hypnosis) - DUE◦ Review Worksheet – DUE LAST DAY

Thursday: May 28◦ Practice Self-hypnosis – Wear something comfortable!◦ Notebook Check Sheet◦ Reminders

Monday: June 1 FINAL CLASS◦ Final Notebook Check◦ Test◦ Review DUE◦ Personality Quizzes DUE◦ Leftover Multipasses DUE◦ All missing/late work DUE

End of Term Schedule:

What conclusions can we draw based on the information presented?◦ Research about sleep/REM◦ Theories◦ Research about dreams◦ Your own dream interpretation

Conclusions/Questions?

Insomnia◦ The inability to either fall asleep and/or stay asleep in the night◦ #1 Cause – Stress◦ #2 Cause – Irregular sleep schedule◦ #3 Cause – Diet/Medications

Narcolepsy:◦ Genetic sleep disorder◦ Fall into uncontrollable “sleep attacks” – directly to REM◦ Muscle paralysis common ◦ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-zVCYdrw-1o ◦ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wN1_yS6_5T4

Sleep apnea:◦ Cessation of breathing while sleeping ◦ (typically 100 – 300 X per night)◦ Causes: Weight/Obstruction/Smoking/Asthma◦  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mjQdAf9cQBo

Sleep Disorders