all ecosystems contain many food chains. each food chain contains both predators and prey....
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All ecosystems contain many food chains.
Each food chain contains both predators and prey.
Ecosystems
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An ecosystem is a community of living organisms (plants, animals and microbes) in conjunction with the nonliving components of their environment (things like air, water and mineral soil), interacting as a system.
Ecosystems
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In order for animals to live they need energy.
Some animals get the energy they need from eating plants and other vegetation.
Some animals get their energy from eating other animals.
Some animals eat both plants and other animals.
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Nearly all food webs start with a green plant.
Green plants are called producers because they produce their own food.
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Primary, secondary, tertiary
Herbivore - plant eater
Carnivore - meat eater
Omnivore - mixed plant/animal diet
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Animals that eat ONLY plants.
Herbivores have evolved to eat plants.
They need a lot of energy to stay alive.
Many have to eat all day long to get enough energy.
They have specialized teeth and stomachs to enable them to get the energy they need from plants.
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Manatee•A manatee is a mammal that lives in the water.•They are herbivores.•They eat 150 pounds of plants each day!•Manatees live in ocean waters off the coast of Florida.
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An animal that gets its food from eating other animals
Carnivores have evolved to eat meat.
They have specialized teeth and stomachs to enable them to get the energy they need from the bodies of other animals.
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Animals that eat both plants and other animals
Many will eat the eggs of other animals
Omnivores have teeth and stomachs that enable them to eat and digest both plants and meat (animals).
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Some omnivores are scavengers which means they eat dead animals.
Most will eat plants that produce fruit and vegetables and will eat both the fruit and vegetables.
Humans are omnivores
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Food webs show what eats what in order to gain the energy it needs to live.
Food webs use arrows to show what eats what.
Eaten by: Eaten by:
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Food chains that overlap are called FOOD WEBS.
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Animals that are hunted and eaten by other animals
Some prey animals are herbivores.
Some omnivores and carnivores are also prey to other animals.
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Animals that hunt and eat other animals
Some animals are predators and prey.
This means they eat some animals but are eaten by others.
The top predator that is prey to no other animal is called an apex predator.
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The Biotic Components of Ecosystems
Producers(autotrophs)
- Photosynthesis
Consumers(heterotrophs)-Aerobic respiration
Decomposers
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Producer to primaryconsumer
Primaryto secondaryconsumer
Secondary tohigher-levelconsumer
All producers andconsumers todecomposers
Fungi
Gambel'squail
Red-tailed hawk
Collaredlizard
Jackrabbit
Yucca
Kangaroo ratKangaroo rat
AgaveAgave
RoadrunnerRoadrunner
Diamondback rattlesnakeDiamondback rattlesnakeDarklingbeetleDarklingbeetle
BacteriaBacteria
Pricklypearcactus
Pricklypearcactus
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Writing Activity
Write a paragraph describing how a food web works. Use the information you have learned in
this lesson. Be sure to tell about animals that are both
predators and prey.