-3.5 billion years - dominant form of life on earth - live in every hospitable environment - >...
DESCRIPTION
Sketch figure 6 from page 48 On your sketch label: cell wall plasmid ribosomes flagella pilli capsule Make sure to write down a function for each one of these structures = BACTERIATRANSCRIPT
-3.5 billion years
- dominant form of life on Earth
- live in every hospitable environment
- > 100 trillion on and in human body
- total mass exceeds all animal life
-10 000 species known
- roughly 1% of believed total # of species
Sketch figure 6 from page 48
On your sketch label:
• cell wall
• plasmid
• ribosomes
• flagella
• pilli
• capsule
Make sure to write down a function for each one of these structures
= BACTERIA
- There are 3 main shapes to bacteria
Coccus Bacillus Spirillum
- video
-Many different and diverse evolutionary branches of the Domain Eubacteria
-6 main groups of human importance
-Vary dramatically in energy and nutrient gathering
Bacteria Key features
Using table 1 on page 48 of the text, complete the chart for each bacteria. Include only the 2 most important key features of each bacteria
Bacteria reproduce asexually and very quickly! -video
- 1000 times faster than a eukaryotic cell
Binary fission - 3 step process
Step 1: Duplication of the chromosome
Step 2: Cell elongates
Step 3: Cell divides into two
Daughter cells are identical to mother cell
Mutations
• ease of evolution
• genetic diversity
Conjugation –exchange of genetic information; sexual reproduction
Transformation –taking in of foreign DNA by the bacteria for use
• horizontal gene transfer
• positive/negative
Endospore
How an organism produces energy
Autotrophic Heterotrophic-make own energy from inorganic compounds
-need to ingest energy from organic compounds
Animals and plants
Bacteria
Obligate aerobes –need oxygen to survive
Obligate aerobes
Facultative aerobes – live with or without oxygen fermentation
So where does a bacterium get its energy to move and reproduce?
The Bubonic Plague
“The Black Death”
Spread through Europe 14th C
Yersinia pestis
Killed 30 – 60% of the population
- approx 100 million people
Swollen lymph nodes, fever, vomit blood
-death in days
Escherichia coli
Found in the large intestine of warm-blooded animals
Very important to scientific research –recomb DNA host
Some different strains
• Good production of vit K and destroy harmful bacteria
• Bad cause food poisoning
•Ugly bloody diarrhea, gastrointestinal infections, death
Walkerton
May 2000
Farm runoff into nearby well
Walkerton Public Utilities Commission
Stan and Frank Koebel
• PATHOGEN: Infectious bacteria
Cholera LeprosyTuberculosis Salmonella
• ANTIBIOTIC: substance that can kill or weaken micro-organisms; produced by bacteria
fighting for nutrients
overuse leads to resistance
• MUTUALISM: relationship whereby each benefits• Nitrogen fixation
• Vit K and B12 production
-Very little known about this group
- make up is unlike bacteria or eukaryotes
- Play key role in ecosystems
low-oxygen; intestines; produce methan gas
salt-loving
extreme heat; hot springs, ocean vents
cold-loving; Arctic and Antarctic