ТРЕТ КОНГРЕСна

Геолозите на Република Македонија

ЗБОРНИК НА ТРУДОВИ

МАКЕДОНСКО ГЕОЛОШКО ДРУШТВО

Посебно издание наGeologica Macedonica, N .4ō

Уредници:Лепиткова, С. & Боев, Б.

Струга, 2016

-КНИГА -2

Posebno izdanie na Geologica Macedonica,№ 4

MAKEDONSKO GEOLO[KO DRU[TVO

TRET KONGRES na

Geolozite na Republika Makedonija

ZBORNIK NA TRUDOVI

-КНИГА 2-

Urednici: Lepitkova, S. & Boev, B.

Struga, 2016

Izdava~: Makedonsko geolo{ko dru{tvo Glavni i odgovorni urednici: Prof. d-r Sowa Lepitkova i Prof. d-r Bla`o Boev Uredni~ki odbor: Проф. д-р Тодор Серафимовски (Р.Македонија), Проф. д-р

Блажо Боев (Р.Македонија), Acad. Prof. Vladimir Bermanec PhD (Croatia), Акад. проф д-р Владица Цветковиќ (Србија), Acad. prof. Ivan Zagorchev PhD (Bulgaria), Prof. Tadej Dolenec PhD (Slovenia), Prof. David Alderton PhD (Great Britain), Prof. Wolfgang Todt PhD (Germany), Акад. проф. д-р Николај С. Бортников (Русија), Prof. Clark Burchfield PhD (USA), Prof. Thierry Auge PhD (France), Проф. д-р Тодор Делипетров (Р.Македонија), Проф. д-р Милорад Јовановски (Р.Македонија), Проф. д-р Споменко Михајловиќ (Србија), Проф. д-р Драган Миловановиќ (Србија), Проф. д-р Дејан Прелевиќ (Germany), Prof. Albrecht von Quadt (Switzerland) PhD.

Tehni~ki urednik: Doc. d-r Igor Pe{evski Pe~ati: Pe~atnica "2-ri Avgust S"-[tip Tira`: 300 primeroci

Organizacionen odbor na Tretiot Kongres na Geolozite na Republika Makedonija

Pretsedatel: Prof. d-r Sowa Lepitkova Sekretar: d-r Zlatko Ilijovski

Tehni~ki sekretar: Doc. d-r Igor Pe{evski ^lenovi: Prof. d-r Bla`o Boev

Prof. d-r Todor Serafimovski Prof. d-r Milorad Jovanovski Prof. d-r Orce Spasovski Prof. d-r Vojo Mir~ovski

d-r Kosta Jovanov m-r Florent ^i~e Kiril Filev

Finansiska podr{ka:

ДПТУ „Бучим“ ДОО-Радовиш АДОРА ИНЖЕНЕРИНГ ДООЕЛ – Скопје Рудник “САСА” ДООЕЛ – Македонска Каменица Градежен Институт „Македонија“ АД – Скопје ГЕИНГ Кребс унд Кифер Интернешнл и др. ДОО – Скопје „Мермерен комбинат“ АД – Прилеп Простор ДОО – Куманово „Геохидроконсалтинг“ ДООЕЛ – Скопје „Геохидроинженеринг“ ДООЕЛ – Скопје Хидроинженеринг ДООЕЛ– Битола Градежен факултет – Скопје, Катедра за геотехника „ГЕОМАП“ ДОО – Скопје БУЛМАК ГРУП ДООЕЛ – Скопје ЕУРОМАКС РЕСОУРЦЕС ДОО – Скопје САРДИЧ МЦ ДООЕЛ – Скопје МАРКОВСКИ КОМПАНИ БОРЧЕ ДООЕЛ – Битола DIWI Mакедонија ДООЕЛ – Скопје ВАРДАРГРАДБА ДОО – Скопје

ТретKонгреснаГеолозитенаРепубликаМакедонија Third Congress of Geologists of Republic of Macedonia  

PREBAIKAL FORMATION ON THE TERRITORY OF THE

REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA AS SIGNIFICANT BEARERS OF QUARTZ RAW MATERIALS

1Krsto Blazev, 1Gorgi Dimov,1Blagica Doneva,1Marjan Delipetrov

Faculty of Natural and Technical Sciences, Institute of Geology, “Goce Delčev” University in Štip, Blvd. Goce Delčev 89, Štip, Republic of Macedonia,

krsto.blazev@ugd.edu.mk

Abstract: Prebaikal formations on the territory of the Republic of Macedonia are the most important bearers of silicate materials such as the hydrothermal quartz wires with striking purity (SiO2 99%) and small presence of harmful minerals (limonite) as metamorphic quartzite and quartz sandstone. Here are three separate formations as most notable bearers of these materials: Formation of gneisses and amphibolite with deposits of pegmatite, micashiste formation and the formation of Pelagonian granites. This paper includes a description of mineral raw materials that occur in every formation, their exact location, mineralogical, and the structural and textural features and appearance. It also given a estimation of reserves for the silicate raw materials and their perspective for future research. Keywords: Prebaikal formations, geological - mineralogical characteristics, hydrothermal quartz wires, metamorphic quartzite.

INTRODUCTION The territory of the Republic of Macedonia in which construction participating lithophacial complexes and the various formations of different age (from Precambrian until today) is rich in silicate mineral raw materials. With the previous geological explorations has been registered significant number of occurrences of silicate raw materials. Depending on their geological - technological and the exploitation conditions large number of the them are detailed explored. Almost all investigated silicate raw materials are monomineral quartz rock masses, that serve as the basis for development of the industrial branch called non-metallic mineral

raw materials of the Republic of Macedonia[2]. For the origin of silicate mineral raw materials are characteristic Prebaical orogeny stage, majority of the Baikal and the modern (recent) Quarter stage. This paper precents in detail significant formations of prebaikal stage. Prebaikal formations on the territory of the Republic of Macedonia appear as significant bearers of quartz raw materials[2]. We point out the following formations:

- Formation of gneisses and amphibolite with deposits of pegmatite

- Micashiste formation - Formation of Pelagonian granites

1. FORMATION OF GNEISSES AND AMPHIBOLITE WITH DEPOSITS OF PEGMATITE

This formation is constructed by twomica gneisses (muscovite and thebiotite) amphibole gneisses, and the amphibolite and amphibole schist. On several sites,the formation of these highly metamorphic Precambrian rocks breach granite and the granodiorites that occur in the pegmatite and pegmatite wires.

This formation is developed in the Serbian - Macednian massif and Struma zone, then in Pelagonian horst- anticlinorium and in the Vardar Zone occurs in isolated blocks that represent relicts by precambric gneiss complexes analogous to by Serbian -

659

ТретKонгреснаГеолозитенаРепубликаМакедонија Third Congress of Geologists of Republic of Macedonia  Macedonian massif and Pelagonian horst - anticlinorium. In Serbian - Macedonian massif and the Struma zone this formation is developed on several mountain massifs: Kozjak, Osogovo, Plachkovica, German, Malesevo mountains, Ograzden and Belasica. Mostly built by twomica gneisses which by their position and distribution can be considered as basic rocks of highly metamorphic complex of Serbian - Macedonian massif.That is fine to medium granular shistrocks built mostly by quartz, feldspar, mica, epidote and garnet. The structure is lepidoblastic to granoblastic. Amphibolite and amphibole shist are most represented on the mountains: German, Osogovo and Ograzden. That is dark green rocks with weak shist features composed by amphibole, feldspar and rarer quartz. This formation on the territory of Serbian - Macedonian massif and the Strumskata zone is characterized as a bearer of silicate raw materials. Numerous occurrences of hydrothermal quartz wires and the pegmatite body have been found, in which are found mono mineral concentrations quartz in the form of wires and lens. The hydrothermal quartz wires were the products of magmatic activity where we have deposition of monomineral quartz mass from the hot water solvents. Such small bearings are found of several places. The hydrothermal quartz wires are defined in the gneiss near the village Dvoriste (Berovo), Ribnicaand the villageLukovica (Delchevo). In area between the Dvoriste and VisokaMaalain the gneisses is occur quartz - porfires mixed with aplite and pegmatite wires in which appear larger masses of pure quartz. Occurrences of hydrothermal quartz wires are found east of Vinica with small pegmatite bodies in the twomica gneisses. In village Reljan (Kumanovo)are defined more quartz wires in the migmatite accompanied by

feldspar veins.All these quartz wires are with different sizes and often ranging from 0.5 to 5 m by width, while the length can be between 20 and 50 m. Always show good quality (SiOs over 99%) so that some of them are in phase of exploitation. Gneisses and the amphiboles in Pelagonian are presented in the mountain massifs. Jakupica Babuna, Mukos, Selecka and Nidze with Kajmakcalan. In bottom metamorfic complex are presented with gneisses, and mixed series from upper metamorfic complex. Through these rocks in several places were discovered hydrothermal wires and lenses, build from quartz. Characteristic are the appearance of a number sites especially in the area of the mountain Rudina in the northeastern area of the village Brailovo in Bogomila and the Kapinovo.Quartz wires are commonly oriented east - west in length reaching 200 m and by widths up to 20m. Are mainly build from pure quartz and rarely contain feldspar and muscovite. In this series occur significant deposits of pegmatite in which are found wires and lenses from pure quartz. Quartzs are wired diferenciate fromgranodiorite magma in this massif. The quartz is with milky color and the excellent quality. The most important occurrences is of mountain Selecka (village Dunje), Kokre on Babuna and Mukos on thevillage Drenovci, Sovichi, Tepavci, Gnilezon Vitoliste and the Mariovo and famous deposits Orehovo, Oreshje, Ramnaniva, Beluce, Chanishte, Proluka and Paralovo. As we mentioned formation at the Vardar zone occurs at isolated blocks that represent relicts from precambian complexes analogous to Serbian - Macedonian massif and the Pelagonian horst. For these reasonsit has the samefeatureswith abovedescribed formation[4].

2. MICASHISTE FORMATION

This formation is built from micashiste in which can meet the faces from leptinolite, quartzite and graphite schist. As the previous formationand this is developed on terrains of the Serbian - Macedonian massif, Struma

zone, Pelagonian horst-anticlinorium and Vardar zone. Micashists have clearly expressed schistosity, silclike gloss and silver color. The structure is lepidoblastic to granoblastic. Major minerals are quartz, muscoviteand biotite.

660

ТретKонгреснаГеолозитенаРепубликаМакедонија Third Congress of Geologists of Republic of Macedonia  In micashists frequently appears the facies from leptinolite. Some parts in the micashists are with proces of feldsparization which conditioned the appearance of the numerous pegmatite wires. Following to foliation in micashists be found appears of graphitic schist. They are dark gray to black in color with obvious schist texture. In graphitic schist can be found appears of quartz wires with small and variable dimensions which do not are interest. More significant is the occurrence at the village Preseka on the Osogovo, and surrounding of Vinica (Grlani and Dulica). The Quartzites are most commonly encountered by the foliation on micashists. Occur in the form of fans and long tracks (a few hundred meters) and wide several dozen meters. These rocks are very fresh, with clearly schistosity and crushed. Frequently show granoblastic structure. The main mineral is quartz which participation ranges from 50-80%. From secondary minerals occur albite, ortoclase, epidote, muscovite and garnet. Significant appears were concluded onPlackovica (CujPetel andTarnovChukar) where micashists are present in the form of elongated tracks in length to 700 m and a width to 250 m.They extend north – south and from the other rocks clearly distinguished by their mineral composition where quartz reaches over 80%. Here we can mention and the quartz tracks found by the valley of the River Stanachka till KrivaPalanka. Also interesting appears of quartzite are defined at the area of Vinica near the village CrnKamen. The formation of the micashistein Pelagonia is quite widespread but it was not a separate series with a certain stratigraphic position, but

with gneisses constitute one series. The largest distribution have on Kaimakchalan, Selecka Mountain, Babu, Dautica, Karadzica, Kitka etc. Depending on the composition of micashists occur in several varieties including: garnete, garnete - graphite, garnete - distend and garnete - distene -staurolithe. Micashiste formation from Pelagonia there was really no significance, but still is marking the appearance of quarzite tapes with smaller dimensions. In the Vardar Zone the formation of micashiste has been represented on several locality as follows Gradechka Mountain,Kozuf, Bucimand others. It occupies the upper metamorphic complex and lies through a series of the gneisses.At this gneisses - micashiste series often is occur quartz - graphite schist and leptinolite, which facial succeed each other both in the vertical and horizontal direction.In the quartz – graphite schist in some places dominates quartz with over 70% so they are often singled out as a series of the quartzite [1]. Within the Vardar zone in the formation of micashistsare separated parties from pure quartzite (Ivevo, Gabrevci, Dedino, Radovish). Occur in the form of small layers.They are stronger than surrounding rocks, so stick out in relief. By color are mostly yellowish. They are composed of quartz and andrecrystallized silicate cement binder with weak participation of mica, chlorite and iron hydroxide. Have a large size to 1km in length and width to 20 m. Depending on its purity can be economically very interesting. Hydrothermal quartz wired are quite rare and almost insignificant.

3. FORMATION OF PELAGONIAN GRANITES

This formation is known and described as "Prilep granites" and is widespread on the mountain massifs Babuna, Kajmakchalan, Nidze, Mukos and Selecka Planina. This formation ispresented with a number of large granite masses and small bodies from granodioritecomposition concentrated mainly along the axis of Pelagonianand thay are associated with precambricmetamorphose complex. Based on the structural - textured characteristics and mineral content

pelagoniangranites are distinguished on two types of granodiorites: porfiric biotite granodiorites and medium grained to large grained massive granodiorites. Porfiroidе biotitе granodiorites are occur in irregular elongated bodies pressed into the wings of anticlinale structures. Such larger bodies are discovered on t Mukos, then Selecka Planina and especially on the northern slopes of wreath Nidze - Kajmakcalan. Porfiroide granodiorite is large grained gray rock with porfir structure and

661

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662

ТретKонгреснаГеолозитенаРепубликаМакедонија Third Congress of Geologists of Republic of Macedonia  CONCLUSION

In the paper we present the research results of the bearers of silicate minerals on the territory of Macedonia as economic deposits and their exploitation. Silicate quartz raw materials (quartz, quartzite) have great application as industrial raw materials in electrical industry. For obtaining pure silica metal used quartz with purity of 99% SiO2 and harmful components > 0.05% on Fe2O3 and Al2O3. Metamorphic quartzite raw materials with lower silica content SiO2

(95 -97%) find their benefits of getting ferosilicium alloys. In these studies we concluded that prebaikal formations, formation of gneisses and amphibolite with deposits of pegmatite, micashiste formation and formation of Pelagonian granites are the most important bearers of silicate quartz and quartzite raw materials not only in the Republic of Macedonia but also on the entire Balkan peninsula.

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of quartzite in Vardar zone, 1971. BlazevK..Minerageny of silica raw material in

Macedonia and their economical importance, Doctoral thesis, Faculty of mining anf geology, Stip, 1991

Paskalev P. Quartz and quartzite in SRM, 1990 Trajanov G. Report for geological investigations of

quartzite near OrlovKamen - Kavadarci, 1982

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