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2016 Cengage Learning. MEMORY Memory Processes This section covers: The processes involved in memory Slide 2 2016 Cengage Learning. Memory Processes The system by which we retain information and bring it to mind A method of retaining the information and skills we acquire through experience What Is Memory? 1. Encoding Converting information into a form usable in memory 2. Storage Retaining information in memory 3. Retrieval Bringing stored information to mind Slide 3 2016 Cengage Learning. Memory Processes The transformation of information from one form to another Encoding Slide 4 2016 Cengage Learning. Memory Processes Storage The retention of information over time Slide 5 2016 Cengage Learning. Memory Processes Retrieval Recovery of stored information when it is needed Slide 6 2016 Cengage Learning. MEMORY Types of Memory This section covers: The stages of memory Types of memory Slide 7 2016 Cengage Learning. Stages and Types of Memory Atkinson-Shiffrin Model Slide 8 2016 Cengage Learning. Stages and Types of Memory Holds large amounts of incoming information for a very short period of time Sensory Memory Slide 9 2016 Cengage Learning. Stages and Types of Memory Holds a small amount of information for a limited time Short-Term Memory Slide 10 2016 Cengage Learning. Stages and Types of Memory Experiencing Psychology: Chunking Slide 11 2016 Cengage Learning. Stages and Types of Memory Working Memory Adaptation of short-term memory Actively manipulates information Allows for multiple, simultaneous processes Slide 12 2016 Cengage Learning. Stages and Types of Memory Long-Term Memory Location of permanent memories Slide 13 2016 Cengage Learning. Stages and Types of Memory An Experiment: The Serial Position Effect Slide 14 2016 Cengage Learning. Stages and Types of Memory Types of Long-Term Memory Slide 15 2016 Cengage Learning. Stages and Types of Memory Declarative Memory Semantic Episodic Autobiographical Slide 16 2016 Cengage Learning. Stages and Types of Memory Nondeclarative Memory Procedural memory Classical conditioning Priming Slide 17 2016 Cengage Learning. Stages and Types of Memory Different structures work together for memory Long-Term Memory and the Brain Slide 18 2016 Cengage Learning. Stages and Types of Memory Organization of Long-Term Memory Connectionist theories Spreading activation Schemas Slide 19 2016 Cengage Learning. Stages and Types of Memory Retrieval: Cues Any stimulus that helps you access target information Recognition Recall The encoding specificity effect Slide 20 2016 Cengage Learning. Stages and Types of Memory Some memories seem permanently etched into our brains How accurate are they? Retrieval: Flashbulb Memories Slide 21 2016 Cengage Learning. Stages and Types of Memory Reconstruction during retrieval may be flawed Retrieval: Eyewitness Testimony Slide 22 2016 Cengage Learning. MEMORY Forgetting This section covers: Theories of forgetting Improving memory Slide 23 2016 Cengage Learning. Forgetting Theories of Forgetting Slide 24 2016 Cengage Learning. Forgetting Proactive and Retroactive Interference Slide 25 2016 Cengage Learning. Forgetting Distribute practice Take tests Sleep Recite Use mnemonics Improving Your Memory