© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. IT412 Voice and Data Integration : Unit 2 Slide 1

Unit 2

Modulation and Transmission Schemes

© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. IT412 Voice and Data Integration: Unit 2 Slide 2

Objectives• Describe Analog communication, its principles and service deployments

Describe Basic Analog Signal Transmission Technique Compare and contrast Amplitude, wavelength and frequency Describe how a D to A converter works Describe tip and ring circuits

• Describe T1 physical, framing and line-coding schemes Provide T1 Line-Coding Schemes Describe T1 Framing and formatting

• Compare and contrast T3 and E3 technology Compare and contrast synchronous and asynchronous transmissions Draw a T3 Frame

• Describe ISDN networks and their technical specifications Explain the purpose of a Network Interface Device and the ISDN reference Points List the current ISDN Specifications

• Describe DSL history and encoding technologies Explain the history of DSL Describe how QAM operates and the possible states and bitstreams for QAM

© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. IT412 Voice and Data Integration: Unit 2 Slide 3

Basic Analog Signal Transmission

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Analog Signal Stream

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Amplitude, Wavelength and Frequency

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Analog Signal with Noise

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NEXT and FEXT pm a Local LOOP

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A/D Conversion Example

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Deployment of an IDLC in a Neighborhood

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North American Digital Hierarchy

24DS0 T2

Mux(M1-2)

DS1 DS2

T3Mux

(M2-3)DS3

DS1

DS1

DS1

DS2

DS2

DS2

DS2

DS2DS2 T4

Mux(M3-4)

DS3

DS3

DS3

DS3

DS3

DS4

T3Mux

(M1-3)28DS1

Level # Voice bps DS0 1 64k DS1 24 1.544M DS1c 48 3.152M DS2 96 6.312M DS3 672 44.736M DS4 4032 274.176M North American Hierarchy

48DS0

T1Mux

(ChanBank)

1CMux DS1C

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TDM

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T1 Connector Pinouts

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Various Line Coding Schemes

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Channelized T3

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M12 Multiplexing

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Frame and Sub Frame Alignment

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Bit Stuffing

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Circuit Switching

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High Level Overview of ISDN Local LOOP

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ISDN Reference Point

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QAM

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States and Bitstreams for QAM Amplitude Phase Bit Pattern

1 0 000

2 0 001

1 90 010

2 90 011

1 180 100

2 180 101

1 270 110

2 270 111

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CAP Frequency Spectrum for ADSL

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Frequency Spectrum for ADLS

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DSL Components

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Integrated POTS Splitter