© 2003, open gis consortium, inc. open gis: helping the world communicate geographically april 16,...
TRANSCRIPT
© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc.© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc.
Open GIS: Helping the World Open GIS: Helping the World Communicate GeographicallyCommunicate Geographically
April 16, 2003Louis Hecht
Chair, Open GIS Consortium (Europe) Limited
© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc. 2Helping the World to Communicate Geographically
The OpenGIS Consortium VisionThe OpenGIS Consortium Vision
A world in which everyone benefits from geographic information and services made
available across any network,
application, or platform.
© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc. 3Helping the World to Communicate Geographically
What is OGC?What is OGC?
• The Open GIS Consortium (OGC)
– Not-for-profit, international consortium
– 250+ industry, government, & university members
• Specification Development Program - Committee process similar to other industry consortia and SDO’s (W3C, OMG, ISO, CEN).
• Interoperability Program - Testbeds, pilot projects etc. to develop and test OpenGIS Specifications and help bring conformant products to market.
• Outreach and Community Adoption Program – Education, training and outreach to encourage the use of products with OpenGIS interfaces. Includes business development services for our members.
OGC MissionOGC MissionOur core Our core
mission is to mission is to deliverdeliver
interface interface specificationsspecifications
that are that are openly openly
available for available for global use.global use.
© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc. 4Helping the World to Communicate Geographically
Our goal is …Our goal is …
……improve public and private sector organizations ability to author, improve public and private sector organizations ability to author, publish, share, and use geospatial information in…publish, share, and use geospatial information in…
Neighborhoods, Communities, Localities, Provinces, Nations, Regions, … the World
© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc. 5Helping the World to Communicate Geographically
CollaborationCollaboration
EngageEngage
IndustryPartners
Government Partners
InternationalPartners
OGC Engages Partners in Collaborative EngineeringOGC Engages Partners in Collaborative Engineering
• OGC actively coordinates OGC actively coordinates collaborative engineering activities collaborative engineering activities between programs, organizations, between programs, organizations, industry and communities.industry and communities.
• Variety of vehicles to engage this Variety of vehicles to engage this collaboration - Call for Communities, collaboration - Call for Communities, Call for Participation, Request for Call for Participation, Request for Quotation, process, etc.Quotation, process, etc.
• Collaboration to Collaboration to reduce risk and reduce risk and costs.costs.
© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc. 6Helping the World to Communicate Geographically
Conceptual ModelConceptual Model
• Framework for next-generation vendor-neutral distributed geoprocessing and location systems
• Flexible future applications assembled from multiple, network-enabled geoprocessing and location services
• Integrate with Web Services technologies
• Foundate Information Interoperability
• Reduce barriers between real world, information about the real world, and distributed users
© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc. 7Helping the World to Communicate Geographically
OGC’s Iterative Development ProcessOGC’s Iterative Development Process
Focus on Distributed Systems Engineering Focus on Distributed Systems Engineering YieldsYields
Tested Engineering Specifications, Information Infrastructures, Prototype Implementations Tested Engineering Specifications, Information Infrastructures, Prototype Implementations
OGC Interoperability
Program
OGC Specification
Program
OGC Outreach Program
Draft Engineering
Specifications
Adopted Specifications
Holes and Enhancements
SCOTS Implementations
Prototype Implementations
Requirements
Distributed Systems
© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc. 8Helping the World to Communicate Geographically
Standards and Specifications are Important to Standards and Specifications are Important to InteroperabilityInteroperability
• Standards enable the “one-to-many” character of a network.
• When they work, you may not notice them.
• Advances in technology drive the need for standards and interoperability. For example:
– “Standard Time” came from the railroad industry.
– The Internet is built on standards (TCP/IP).
– World Wide Web is built on standards Standards (HTTP/XML).
• Geospatial Interoperability means spatial systems can work together to meet market needs.
Client1 Client2 Client3
Server1 Server2 Server3
Client1
Server1 Server2 Server3
Client2
Figure 1: “Stove Pipe” Systems
Figure 2: Network of Systems
© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc. 9Helping the World to Communicate Geographically
Market SignalsMarket Signals
• Diminishing use of the term “Geographic Information System”
• Increasing use of “spatially enabled enterprise services”, “location services” and “location-based services”.
• Geographic processing is no longer isolated.
• Geographic information services support business processes throughout an enterprise - decision support, route planning, analysis tools, geocoding, gazetteer services, geoparsing, proximity determination, locating points of customer service…
© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc. 10Helping the World to Communicate Geographically
Addressing Market RequirementsAddressing Market Requirements
Users want to blend spatial technology with classic information technology (IT) topics like
• security, authentication • real-time requirements • process chaining • accuracy, time and timeliness • multi-use information • persistence, revision and versioning • business objects and their rules • upward compatibility…..
© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc. 11Helping the World to Communicate Geographically
Domains are Changing RequirementsDomains are Changing Requirements
• Traditional map makers, photo interpreters, surveyors, and GIS analysts benefit from automated tools, better access to data, more data, improved means of distribution, etc.
• Judgment and training remain essential in creating spatial information products.
• Expanding Spatial Data Infrastructures put spatial information products – and raw data and tools – into the hands of – More people in traditional user domains: planning, resource management,
utilities, agriculture etc.
– People in new user domains: risk management, e-Gov, first responders, customer support, logistics, insurance, etc.
© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc. 12Helping the World to Communicate Geographically
Why is Interoperability Important to Spatial Data Why is Interoperability Important to Spatial Data Infrastructure?Infrastructure?
• People care about SDI because they need information.– Networks supply more information than “islands of automation.”
• Resources are limited.– Both data and software tend to become less expensive through
interoperability.
• Finding useful data has been difficult.– Digital catalogs support much faster discovery, assessment and access by
individuals.
• Geoprocessing software has been expensive.– The component paradigm and Web Services paradigm save save society
time and money.
• Sharing data reduces redundant efforts, but sharing has been difficult.– Technical interoperability gives users Web-direct views into online data sets,
and Web-direct access to the real data, usually eliminating the need for batch transfers and batch conversions.
– XML will be helpful in overcoming semantic non-interoperability at the human and machine levels.
© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc.© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc.
Quick Reference of OpenGISQuick Reference of OpenGIS®®
Specifications – AccomplishmentsSpecifications – AccomplishmentsTo DateTo Date
© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc. 14Helping the World to Communicate Geographically
Categories of OpenGISCategories of OpenGIS®® Specifications 2003 Specifications 2003
• Encodings / Common Architecture – Encodings and interfaces that underpin the entire framework of OGC Implementation Specifications– GML
• OpenGIS Web Services– Catalog Services – Publish, Discover and access geospatial data, services
– Web Mapping Services – Dynamic access, integration and visualization of geospatial information
– Geospatial Fusion Services – Discover, geocode and apply spatial information from text and other non mapping sources
– Sensor Web Services – access and integrate data from sensor and sensor networks
– Web Exploitation Services – dynamic application of geospatial information between collaborating organizations
– Open Location Services – Core framework of specifications to enable applications on mobile, location aware networks
© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc. 15Helping the World to Communicate Geographically
Another Information Community’s Schema
Highway is:_Pavement thickness_Right of way_Width ….
Cell transm. Platform is:_Location_No. of antennas_Elevation ….
One Information Community’s Schema
Road is:_Width_Lanes_Pavement type ….
Cell tower is:_Owner_Height_Licensees ….
(an instance of Road in one IC’s schema)
Mayberry’s Cell Tower
(an instance of Cell Transm. Platform in another IC’s schema)
Mayberry Road
GML 3.0 ready for prime time!Support for complex geometries, spatial and temporal reference systems, topology, units of measure, metadata, feature and
coverage visualization. Backward compatible
GML defines a data encoding in XML that allows geographic data and its attributes to be moved between disparate systems with
ease Version 3.0 advances interoperability on all fronts!!
Geography Markup Language: Geography Markup Language: Representing Geographic FeaturesRepresenting Geographic Features
© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc. 16Helping the World to Communicate Geographically
Foundation OpenGIS ServicesFoundation OpenGIS Services
© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc. 17Helping the World to Communicate Geographically
Data Catalogs
a URL
Spatial data servers with metadata and OpenGISinterfaces
Registered geodata metadataMetadata for a feature collection, and a URLMetadata for a feature collection, and a URLMetadata for a feature collection, and a URLMetadata for a feature collection, and a URLMetadata for a feature collection, and a URLMetadata for a feature collection, and a URL
Registered geodata metadataMetadata for a feature collection, and a URLMetadata for a feature collection, and a URLMetadata for a feature collection, and a URLMetadata for a feature collection, and a URLMetadata for a feature collection, and a URLMetadata for a feature collection, and a URLMetadata for a feature collection, and a URLMetadata for a feature collection, and a
Registered geodata metadataMetadata for a feature collection, and a URLMetadata for a feature collection, and a URLMetadata for a feature collection, and a URLMetadata for a feature collection, and a URLMetadata for a feature collection, and a URLMetadata for a feature collection, and a URLMetadata for a feature collection, and a URLMetadata for a feature collection, and a URLMetadata for a feature collection, and a URLMetadata for a feature collection, and a URLMetadata for a feature collection, and a URL………
Where?When?How?What?Who?Why?
Service Information
Model
Catalog Information
Model
© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc. 18Helping the World to Communicate Geographically
a URL
Service CatalogsSpatial services servers with service metadata and OpenGISinterfaces
Collection of service metadataMetadata for an online service, and a URLMetadata for an online service, and a URLMetadata for an online service, and a URLMetadata for an online service, and a URLMetadata for an online service, and a URLMetadata for an online service, and a URLMetadata for an online service, and a
Collection of service metadataMetadata for an online service, and a URLMetadata for an online service, and a URLMetadata for an online service, and a URLMetadata for an online service, and a URLMetadata for an online service, and a URLMetadata for an online service, and a URLMetadata for an online service, and a URLMetadata for an online service, and a URLMetadata for an online service, and a URLMetadata for an online service, and a URL
Collection of service metadataMetadata for an online service, and a URLMetadata for an online service, and a URLMetadata for an online service, and a URLMetadata for an online service, and a URLMetadata for an online service, and a URLMetadata for an online service, and a URLMetadata for an online service, and a URLMetadata for an online service, and a URLMetadata for an online service, and a URLMetadata for an online service, and a URLMetadata for an online service, and a URLMetadata for an online service, and a URL
Need a ProcessingFunction!Service
Information Model
Catalog Information
Model
© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc. 19Helping the World to Communicate Geographically
– All connected to the web
– All sensors reporting position
– All sensors have defined observables
– All with metadata registered
Sensor WebSensor Web
© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc. 20Helping the World to Communicate Geographically
OneOne set of geospatial information… set of geospatial information… ……manymany different styles! different styles!
Style Management
Services
© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc. 21Helping the World to Communicate Geographically
Yet another Information Community’s Schema
Traffic corridor is:_No. of vehicles/hour_Limited access_Lanes ….
Cellular transmitter is:_Cell region_Location_Transmitter type ….
Another Information Community’s Schema
Highway is:_Pavement thickness_Right of way_Width ….
Cell trans. platform is:_Location_No. of antennas_Elevation ….
One Information Community’s Schema
Road is:_Width_Lanes_Pavement type ….
Cell tower is:_Owner_Height_Licensees ….
Information Interoperability Next Challenge….
New InformationCommunity Schema
Road is:__ Width__ Slope__ Lanes
….
TransformInformation Structures
Provide SemanticTranslation
….Data models and semantics
© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc. 22Helping the World to Communicate Geographically
Distributed Geoprocessing RequirementDistributed Geoprocessing Requirement Inter-related Standards and Specification Support Inter-related Standards and Specification Support
OGC“ESDC”
OMG
W3C
OASIS
IETF
ISO
CEN
Distributed GeoprocessingDistributed Geoprocessing
OGC Interoperability Program:OGC Interoperability Program:Four Years of ProgressFour Years of Progress
Concern
• # of Specs Accepted or in progress• Tested components• # of Conformant or Implementing Products• Members• OGC Investment• Initiatives Planned or in Progress• Sponsors• Strategic Members• IP Team members
• Approximate time to spec acceptance• Incorporation of broader IT specs and standards
1998
• 2 (Simple Features)
•1 (Oracle was dry run)
• 0
• 146• Membership only• 1
• 2 (Grew to 5 in 1999)• 2 • 3
• 4 years
• SQL, COM, CORBA
2002
• >30 (11 Accepted; >20 in progress)• Hundreds
• Hundreds
• 240• Investment 7x greater• 12 (3 more under review)• >20 • 8 (3 Gov’t, 5 Private)• 19 (from 7 organizations)
• 18 months
• ISO, SQL, W3C, OMG, OASIS, ANSI, IETF, more
© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc. 24Helping the World to Communicate Geographically
Where to Find OGC SpecificationsWhere to Find OGC Specifications- - www.opengis.orgwww.opengis.org - -
© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc. 25Helping the World to Communicate Geographically
Where to Find Software that Implements / Conforms to OGC Where to Find Software that Implements / Conforms to OGC SpecificationsSpecifications
Click on “Implementing Products” at
www.opengis.org
© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc.© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc.
A Snapshot of 2003 and ForwardA Snapshot of 2003 and Forward
© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc. 27Helping the World to Communicate Geographically
OpenGIS Reference Model (ORM)OpenGIS Reference Model (ORM)
• The ORM is based on the Reference Model for Open Distributed Processing (RM-ODP, ISO/IEC 10746), a widely used methodology for architecting open, distributed processing systems.
• The ORM helps you develop a clear and detailed idea about what you want to do, then helps you design an architecture and implementation strategy.
• The ORM documents the OGC technology baseline in terms of enterprise, information, and technology view points.
• INSPIRE and GOS and their component enterprise systems will have multiple users, developers, operators, and reviewers, each viewing the system from their own viewpoint. The ORM helps ensure that each view will be consistent with the overall requirements and with the other views.
• The ORM provides examples.
© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc. 28Helping the World to Communicate Geographically
OGC Technology Maturity
T
Concept
Design
Prototype
Testbeds
TechnicalBaseline
Integration
OpenGISSpec
Annual TB Annual TB Goals Goals
Mid-LongMid-Long
Term TB Goals Term TB Goals
Technical Technical Baseline Baseline
Maturation Maturation
Technical Plan:
• Initiatives
• Maturation
• Utility
2003 Priority – 2003 Priority – Stabilize and Enhance OGC Spec Utility Stabilize and Enhance OGC Spec Utility
29© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc.
Standards
Organization
Standards
Scope Harmonisation Requirements
National GI StandardsBodies
EuropeanMemberStates
EuropeanUnion
European Committee For Standarisation (CEN) Regional
Digital Geographic Information Working Group
International OrganisationFor Standarisation (ISO)
Open GIS Consortium
International
CEN, OGC, and ISO
Proposed Bodies of INSPIRE
CEN, OGC and ISO
Permanent Committee on GIS Infrastructure for Asia and Pacific
ANSI
ISO, OGC, W3C
CEN, W3C, IETF, OASIS
Other Industry Groups
Towards a European Specification and Towards a European Specification and Standards Infrastructure for GIStandards Infrastructure for GI
© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc. 30Helping the World to Communicate Geographically
• Develops common interfaces and schemas that support the Spatial Web, a world-wide network of geographic data and geoprocessing services
• Allows future applications to be assembled from multiple, network-enabled geoprocessing services implementing OpenGIS Specifications
• Integrates mainstream Web Services Integrates mainstream Web Services standards into the geospatial marketstandards into the geospatial market
• Generates next-generation Web Mapping, Generates next-generation Web Mapping, multi-source Feature and Imagery multi-source Feature and Imagery production, Information Interoperability, production, Information Interoperability, distributed Sensor Webs, GeoCommerce distributed Sensor Webs, GeoCommerce specificationsspecifications
Information Interoperability
OGC Web Services (OWS) OGC Web Services (OWS)
© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc. 31Helping the World to Communicate Geographically
Advancing OGC Technical Baseline to support multi-source, network-Advancing OGC Technical Baseline to support multi-source, network-centric environments:centric environments:
– Overall OGC Service Framework Overall OGC Service Framework – Common Source and Product ProcessingCommon Source and Product Processing– Feature, Imagery, and Intelligence ProductionFeature, Imagery, and Intelligence Production– Common Product Processing and OperationsCommon Product Processing and Operations
OGC Web Services: OGC Web Services: 2002-Present2002-Present
App
Server
Data
App
Server
Data
Feature
Production
Imagery
Production
Other information production
App
Server
Data
App
Server
Data
App
Server
Data
App
Server
Data
App Ser.
Data Ser.
App
App Ser.
Data Ser.
App
App Ser.
Data Ser.
App
App Ser.
Data Ser.
App
App Ser.
Data Ser.
App
App Ser.
Data Ser.
App
1 SCOTS-based Production Apps & Components
Common Source
Processing
App Ser.
Data Ser.
App
Data
App Ser.
Data Ser.
App
Data
App
Server
Data
App
Server
Data
Public Source
Open Source
Commercial Source
2Common Source Processing
Common Product
Processing
App Ser.
Data Ser.
App
Data
App Ser.
Data Ser.
App
Data
App
Server
Data
App
Server
Data
3Common Product Processing
Common Operations
Pres
CINC
Analyst
Common Operations
PresSurveyor
BANK
Appraiser
4Common Operations
OGC Service Framework
5OGC Interoperability Framework
Legacy Systems New Interoperable Applications
1
1
1
2 34
5
Multi-Source Environment
© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc. 32Helping the World to Communicate Geographically
OWS-2OWS-2Emerging Concept of OperationsEmerging Concept of Operations
ActiveArchive C
PortalService B
Systems on network can access data for value added processing and decision support applications
Users on exploitation workstations, with web browsers, or on mobile devices can exploit information via appropriate Engineering Channels and Nodes
CommodityInternet
Cellular Channel
Agency 1
EnterpriseInternet
Agency 2 Agency 3
WirelessChannel
DecisionSupport
Processes
Image Libraries
Multi-Source Information
Interoperability
Multi-Source Information
Interoperability
Network ServicesNetwork Services
Enterprise, Internet, Wireless, or Cellular EnvironmentsEnterprise, Internet, Wireless, or Cellular Environments
Shared Database Servers
Shared Database Servers
Service orientation with n-tier distribution capability, self-description, and stateless operations
Common XML encodings, defined interface syntax between systems, information models for services descriptions and metadata
Link sensor platforms to the network via network-centric services
System BSystem B
System ASystem A
ApplicationService
GroundStation
System CSystem CInformation Discovery ServicesInformation Discovery Services
Sensors and Platforms (Sources)
Value
Added
Value
Added
22
44
11
55
Agency ...
33
ApplicationService D
Information Productionand Access Services
Information Productionand Access Services
Output Processing
Registries/Catalogs
© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc. 33Helping the World to Communicate Geographically
Geospatial Community
s
www.ogcnetwork.org
Reference Implementations
WMS
WFSWMS
WFS
WMS
Lab accessible on OGC Network
Company A WMS v1.1.1Company B WFS v1Company C WMS v1.0.0
CITE Portal Reference Implementations
Conformance Testing
Resources
WMS TesterWFS TesterGML TesterTest Resources
• Develops Consortium-approved Develops Consortium-approved process by which software process by which software vendors can prove their vendors can prove their products’ conformance to products’ conformance to OGC’s OpenGIS SpecificationsOGC’s OpenGIS Specifications
• CITE Initiative provides a CITE Initiative provides a methodology and tools which meet methodology and tools which meet vendors’ need to distinguish their vendors’ need to distinguish their products from non-conformant products from non-conformant products and the buyers’ need for products and the buyers’ need for guarantees of interoperabilityguarantees of interoperability
OGC Conformance and Interoperability Test and OGC Conformance and Interoperability Test and Evaluation (CITE) Initiative Evaluation (CITE) Initiative
© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc. 34Helping the World to Communicate Geographically
CITE StatusCITE Status
• Study completed• Conformance Test Engine:
– Notation stabilized (v1.2)– Engine in Beta testing
• Scripts– WMS and WFS assertions are
near stable– GML validator works for GML
2.1, moving to 3.0
• Reference Implementations– Underway
• Portal– Design and content-free
prototype built
• Upcoming milestones by September– Conformance Test Engine – Full
Operating Capability– GML Validator - Full Operating
Capability– WMS Test Script - Full Operating
Capability– WFS Test Script - Full Operating
Capability– CITE Portal – Initial Operating
Capability– WMS Reference Implementation
– Initial Operating Capability– WFS Reference Implementation -
Initial Operating Capability
© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc. 35Helping the World to Communicate Geographically
They care about:
Which industries care about property and land information?
• Insurance• Real Estate• Banking• Government• Civil Eng./Arch.• Construction• Oil & minerals• Farming, ranching, forestry• Environmental protection
Title
Mortgage & liens
Structures
Rights of way
Metes and bounds
Mineral rights
Insurance coverage
Utility assets
Assessed & market value$
34 m.34
m.
Property and Land Information InitiativeProperty and Land Information Initiative
© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc. 36Helping the World to Communicate Geographically
Property and Land Information Initiative Planning Property and Land Information Initiative Planning Activity - Call for SponsorsActivity - Call for Sponsors
• Call for Sponsors for a Planning Activity that may support future development of an OGC Property and Land Information (PLI) Initiative.
• This planning activity will seek interested Sponsors to provide input on – technology requirements and
concepts to foster development of next-generation interoperable networked architectures
– capabilities to enable broader sharing and application of property data and land information between collaborating organizations.
© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc. 37Helping the World to Communicate Geographically
OGC Geographic Objects (GO) TestbedOGC Geographic Objects (GO) Testbed
Abstract Model (UML)
Profile for DCP
Implementation
Geographic Objects Initiative supports spatially enabled enterprises leveraging
web-based and object-driven architectures
• Extends OGC’s focus beyond Web-based Services
• Provides for needs of future interoperability on multiple computing platforms
• Uses Unified Modeling Language™ (UML™) to capture and express the essence of information and services
• Allows developers to take advantage of the valuable components on any development platform required.
© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc. 38Helping the World to Communicate Geographically
With OGC InterfacesWith OGC Interfaces
Seconds to Minutes,insteadof days
Up to datedata
Get exactly what you want, not an entire continent
Vendorneutral
Formatneutral
© 2003, Open GIS Consortium, Inc. 39Helping the World to Communicate Geographically
ContactsContacts
Mr. Louis HechtChair, Open GIS Consortium (Europe) [email protected]+1 301 792 1365
Mr. Guenther PichlerManaging Director,Open GIS Consortium (Europe)[email protected]+49 (89) 43692-159
Mr. Mark Reichardt, Executive Director, Outreach and Community Adoption [email protected]+1 301 840-1361