- . -I stll! bel iE:ve, ho eve .. , all 1 G1d when I said on !!a;r

26th l;)st: "'7e r.W't =1:( S:U'C ':'n ...:1 tl'lllt ,.~ tlo th&t there be no !lreai:dal"ltl or c~llcdl.ltion o.!' an~' of tne gre(lt social ~a1ns \miell II.., have r:.:.dc i n thcs( past leal's . . ... ':here is nothine in our present e"crser.cy to jllstifl a ret.reat fr= any of our ,ocial objectives __ conservat.ion of resources, aJs~stancc to agriculture, housi~ J and help to the underprivileged" .

Our !Uihty national defenJe effort. ag.:linst all prcsEont. and potential threllts cannot. be ~ .... surcd alone in ter::lS of mathe::mt.1cal incrcage in the nu.,ber of soldiers c.nd sailors , or of gun3 or tanks or plane5 . Behind thc~ all ~ust stand a united pIlople ...nose spiritual a.nd I\or;.]. strcn8th has not been s.:lpped Ulrout;h hunctr or >":lJ'1t or fcar or insccurit./ . ~ ~rale of a people 1s an u,ential supplCr.lCnt to their guns and planes .

1 am convinced that a brea\:do'm of <.xisting labor ane ~ocial legislation \'I'Ould wcak..:n rath<.r than increase our efforts for defcnzc . C::ntinut.Tl<:c of tt.e,~ OO;'lnS the prescrvaticn of the Effic1t;n7 of 1 .. 001" . It :,10.11\3 the r eturn t o tlOrk of ~cvtral "illions "U '.1 uncle.ployed .

:1:e tnlplo:fl:lent of additionll c70rker3 an<! the provisio!'13 for over-time pa)"lIICnt:; for ov~r-ti1X \701"1: ,7111 inzure adequa:'e '.'ItII·kin<; hours at decent ,"~rcs to do all that is nOlI necessary in physical dt;f[;n5<. . "c I.'ill not ovel'lool: the lesson learned in Europe 1n pa.:;t :rEar::. .

At ti:n.:::;, intcrn:.l obs!..<:chs to the gro;tt.h of labor unions haVt COI"..(. in thOSt; rart 10:;;t"l'Iet3 ,m~r(. the occaSional scoundrel has appeared in position of lEadership. Labor un1011S arc not till! only organh.ations l'hich have to suffer innocently for tho;. crir:!~s ar.1'! !;1:tsdccdr of one or two of thllir selfish WId guilty I:K;Jrb<.r~ . ':'he rule e,,11es to 311 orGanizations , to all treces and profcssion~ alike .

1 cannot. add to tha ten.3 of condel:'.nation I"hich your Pre~ident, ~ old friend Dan 70bin , included in h13 report t.o your Convention in which he s~id,

" .... It is inclred pitiful un<;: heart­bre.:tUn~ alld s!"riously dejlressing to find th:!t anoll{;st our enOr::".aus lJem\)er:;hip, cOr.)po~cd of eltan ;;)(.n, !'&t:ler3 of !a.;rllies, I.J:L~rieans of th~ pun~t t;rpe __ to find wmongst this ~nher~hip so~ creatures so bereft of dectn('y an<;: h:lr.or as to bring diSGrace l.lpon the Int~rn.:lUonal Union" .

Labor l.no'\·~ thut ther' is no roor.! in th£ labor IltOve_ J:l()nt for tJ~t racl;eteer or the str"n~-l1r_l IJan . GoverfllJent is deten:1ined to hEl? laoor unions clean their house of those fe .... perso~ ..mo heve b~tray"d ther.l .

In thi~ g:' ~at crisis has eooc proof thut orgl1nized labor, as vlell as 11.11 other groups of ow' citizens , is al7&re of its 01'111 rtsponsibilit1es . I have calle~ on t"eores('nt(ltives of I:1bor to serve, 11m': have placed ther.> in responsible positions to take part in the d('f£ns( '101"1. of their govern.l'ilnt . Fro," the v~ry stilrt , I'cpresc,'tativ~s o~ labor, includin!; your 01m dint1ncu1shcd President, have sharCld b fomulating aro:j, aC\;ninisterin" the procrt\r.l .

I a~ ?articulal'ly Elad to be able to say that the A. P. L., the C. I .O., and tJll' Railroad !31'othcrhoods arc all loyally cooperatin& in thi~ effort with the !.'cUonal Dt.fense Cor.nission IlJ'lri .vi t!l the. fL.rrr:y are UaV".I . :'h!s coopc:'IlUon in tho task of nntional defen', ,.1.11, I hope, encourage clo~er and r.;ore friendl;t relntions but ... c~n thene grcCLt labor organizations .

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[Part 2 of 2]

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1 '':':'.(11' t~.at ;.):""1'11'0. , .. ill neyer "'e diso.ppoillt"d 1n it. ~lO;p"ett.tion tl:e.t Inbor ':,~ll .. It· .... ys continue to do it. shnre or the jo'::l w" '101, tace , patriotiec.lly a'ld Wls"lttshly.

In our search :'or !UI."tione.l unity p.s the bash ot r ..... tional d"te;:.." it is nee"ssary nnd it is tail' that every !\ll~~"\ betn.::; h the 1;nited States cont:-ibute his share . Thh aCl:,l1es both to tho.e \.'1'.0 trai!l b the fightir-t: forces and to tho torces of "Bol/Iron behind th" lin<>s .

It is eqt>ally :leeeuary an<! fair that every dollar ot onr~tlll in A.".er\.ca dao eontribute its share . Just so !o'\:; as .'e oontinue to 01111 U1'on ,",on to trnin tor co",bat. nnd for .ervico behind the lin~s , ,rill .. ", also continuo to cr.ll u!'on the industriel plo.nts o~ the nation for the sorvice wj'ich th"y cnn {;ive .

~apit&l and industry as well as labor and agriculture ... re relpolldin~ , o.nd : know ' .. ,ill continue to respond .

The nation , throueh its Blected roprosentt.tlvos , is no" adopti!' ... · the principlo of selective universal trainil"lG of its yoW"" r.".e:1. . On the sn:~ principle , no ren50n<:;blo porson can object to eivin;, the ,~overnlflent th~ pow~r to p.cquire tho services of My phnt or factory for ndequnh cOr.lpenslltion, ~f the ownor refuses to r.ln)ca its sorvices aveUnblc to the dotenl" neods of tl':o :lation. TUs is nothing ,,"'., in .Amorican life . Tho principlo of eminent dOl:\&in or eminent uso i. os old 1:11 de"'.ocl"II.tic :;overnc>Jnt ibclf. It nerely pe~itl rOVOrnl"lC:lt to acquiN or to use , for "- ~air and ro .... onablo rrico , c.ny property ,· .. hich is necessary for its prop"r !\metiont:lG .

T~o ovor·t~el.JiUnc ,.njority of our =nitioIll'l cnd other detenso rcquir<:mcn'~s are nOTl t"..ar.ufnctured by pri=to "nt"rprise unjor privnte ::l&no~CT.1ent . ;·e continu" t~t proceu . It ia only in tho rare , i.olated eese that the ",mar ot 1:1 plllllt \7111 rofus" to deal -.rJ.th hh r;ovcrn.-.ont in .. fnir way.

But if IllId ';:"""n sueh e&le does nriso . the r,overm:lent cc.n.;,ot stand by, hel~Lou in its offorts to nl"!!l end dotond itsol:. No bu,i;1eu is nbo,'ll its r;oveIT.:;:ont; lind !";overnmont should bo cT.1!'OI . ..,n:i to ':0 .. 1 adoquately mth nny businoss Which trios to !"iso .. bove its e;ovc)"J"Ir.K!nt .

In all ot these p1lln$ for nr.tionnl dofcnse , only tholo ·.!ho ao,k to rlny upon the fe .. ,.s of the Amoricr.n people , discover ll.."1 ... ttm,'pt to 10c.d us into "{(r. :'he Amoriol\Jl poople 'i.l- rejoct that kind of propas<:.n:i& of fear , .. s they havo r~jcetod .1!ni1c.r types '.",hieh aro "occasionolly" sprQad at cl'.etior. tine , They knov." that ecainst the raging forces loos,; in tho world tho best dcf":loc is the strone:ost preptl.rodnou -­fir:hU,,( :-lOll rJld oqui:-ment in tront , and fightinr; indu5try c..u\ I.Cl"iculturQ bohind thc lines .

'uoJ<"c$~ in ':husc days i~ e cordi"l invihtion to attl:lol: . Thllt ls no 10,,<;or th~ory; it is n provJn foet -. provod i:l tho F_~1. Y'Cnr.

1 h;-tu ''''nr noy." "'ore thl\n evc,. . I MVO one supremo dot(rmirultion _. to do [Ill I e:u'. to keep "'''1' "-=y from tho,e shuro. for nil ti.:".,o . I etnl'.d , with ",y p"rty , upon tho plntfom ndopt~d 1n :1U.cq,o ,

, •. ~ ..-ill not p"rticipnte in foroit;n wnrs , [lnd ,'.- '"ill not s¥nd our a,"o!'. ro.vnl or air fOTcea to ri~ht i:l ~orois:n lNl<!S outddc ot the At::orie.-.s , (",-.eopt in e!lse ot nttcelc" .

Let u~ h.-vu fl.""!. end to thc sort of appoaaer.:ont 1thieh ".\-:s to k<lop us holplou by plnying on fou :>nd by indircnt 5.:1.botnc;c ot ",11 tho: proc~.Ju We II1'O "rJ'ing. "Appoll,lc!:lOnt" is n polite ·."O,-d 1'01' ",sdircetod pflrtis<Lnship .

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In our ~fror~s Co,. ,,·.ti~n .. l defense , fine tea."l"'Or:C he. ~" .. n dev"l:> ed -- nnJ j·ou. t-",nsters kn'" "hAt that word "tea"'Mlrk" "',"!Ir.o. .

Th, <:o"tl'1u9.,,<:15 of this te..::"ork , after .!:e pres...:t e~r"e::c" is OVOl" , 'till Lnvo conse<,u~nces of lasti": good to the nati"" a~ a Y'lIole . 1t will er. .. b!e us to enjoy an Inte rnnl securl tl' tr""8eendl.n~ ",,'-to":!.n- heretofore I.:nonl .

Ours i$ a -rcat h~rlh. ,·e ; ''''' "TO detel':'lined ",tth all our effo,·t Ilnd :nt·-j,t to Iceep i ~ 1,,:0.<:1. . The 1:0r!,crs in tho r""tor;es , '-ioo r"rl"crs on t::e 1..."" . tilld !}u~in~ss men In plants 1>1\, o;flces nro "wa\.:.' to the pcr ils "'hich threllte" ~ricll. . 1,'0 solrls;. Int"r"st , ,,:> p~r sonnl ",,, '~ition , no ,-"liliesl c·'.m!'nir,n c .... ~ sway th~ LCR.'orit" v:ill 01 our poopl o to Mako M,ricn st"ong -- nn~ to ke,~ i t f,·ce •

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OLD FOR PEU ISE !lOLD FOR "'''LS: S;-

Soptember 11 , 194. 0

C'U'i'IO~h Th, "01l",.7im- dd r ess of t'\e Pr esiden , "';;0 be ~ell"er"d f't Con$t:.~\,tion ,:0'.1 to '(.1". Inte:"'1atione.l !lrot!-.erl-.ool! of TOI\) ~t"rs- c!"a.· ,ff"urs -~ts.bl<,~~n and ['elper s '-;5T fiE '"EtD I :J'Y:":S u::til releas~d .

l'O'!E , Relo.~o is for editio"'~ of aI' ,,~,,·. :oa,ers apoeari,,": on the str'!et~ 1:cr. FJ.ILIE'I ';":' , , 30 P. l' . , E . ~ . ~ ., "e'::ne~<!ay, Serte",bar ll , l!MO. The s=e 3.~plles to Ntdio a0"l1l.0WlCers .nd mms commentator • •

"ARE rXST EI'; -':XE?{:!::ED 70 prE'"!" ': pr£ -'nffiE PUBUl:!.-IOl\ .

Sec r etary to tr. e Pr esident

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Durinr, L'le r ... ~t , ... aLs , in s evoral sections of the Eas t , I ho. vo been Inspectin, t~r. :>ro ~ ress of our nat ional defense . I hAve ~o"e thro\lGl: nnvy yards en' prjva.te y.: r ds to \':atch the hulld.il"lb of de~tro:rer5 , sub'."rincs =d a i rcraft carriers ; I he.ve vi si ted aviation units to ~ee our noder" fir;htill(; plar.e s ; I have beer. In O\.\r 7cat u'\ factories .:he r e I "~ \'c seon tho 1II0.t ,"",dern run~ of all +,YT'r.· , s· .... iftly beb:; ,",clded into ~h"!,"; I hrve vi~lted c e.r.::, s ,"",e re yo'-U1f, :.r:te r i ce::~. ure rece i vi "" trl!. i ni "{ and In st rucH on in tho tsetio$ ~!" tho! ""'·_"'0 o· t,,~ay . Throu,h it aI' thero "laS the inpres$1vo conv'ction Ihftt f;-:er'_c< is r'si,.. .. 'I;:>,-c t the "vcr- ~row1n~ "-,,ed ror Il!I l!.1 .. "",,',e ,,~.:·s;cal .. ~ed ~efense of ~ho COWltry.

Ton!r;ht in a very real S""-" , I feel "-s 1 ~tand here that I ILl, vi.:U ~ .=t~,,,, trc ot ,..atio:l!ll defcns' , equally im"Ortant in it. 0= \yey in ,. etin ' th .. :lee';. ".' U ti,J)a . Endurinr; sttf!n.th to a !llltio,"" II.L~ "t":,'int :-")":'er in an e"..err;ency definito,}" CII~' fo,. IL"1 ""'cie,,t a _" do"en:t:r_cd labor forcc carryint Or t:v "~~ce5'CS of intiastry and rado . And "hen 1 zpe..J.: of a " labor fo r cc ft I v~'y definitely inclucle thou · .. ho toil in thei:· 'ields ee well as those ~;h" toil in industry. laller too .

It i. 0"" of ~:\, char o. c toristic . of l!. fr~e ond deTllocro.tl.c modern no.tion th",t it r_p.'N f r,'" Illld indopendent labor lmlons . In country "ftCl" CQ U" t l'y in other h.nds , labor \l1\1ons MVO di$ap~ared : •• the iron ha nd of t ho dictator ho.s tPl:cn c0I1;:111 .. "1,I . O" l y i n freo lund s h ave • rOO ,ubor unions survivod . I!hon \m:'on ',':orl<c , s Cf,n a s,;cmbl" ":ith f r eedom and indopondenee In convention" lih thi •• i t i s ;:>roof that A"7'Il ricon democracy h". ru'Ot'lincc: u."l i m:>aircJ - - (.rid it is .ymbolic of ou)- dotO)"1'lilUl t ion tc ""P ~', fre~ .

Yours is no· .... O'1.C of t:,c p·o"t int "rr.a Uonal labor union~ of Jr..erica . Yo': CI1Il r enc:::hlr. "-'.)Yfo\,er , oth !. dt.y~ __ days 'men lt1,b~r unions · .. 'c,. consic:crcd al r.,ost unfr..ericM by sOIl'.e in1ivic!urlo in Our 1/:."," . YO:l C"-"I re;:U'-bor \";l'.~n it ... as rare l.ndcod for ..... employ .. r _V<l!"l "to co.csid, ,. "ollee~l.vo bar&ainin~ Ttl.th his \tQr'- rs; ... he.: it ,- - • t~. co:: .... on -ractic to 11$char&o nr.y "lor:~Lr "h" ~ei~"d ": :1":01: . Yo" CII.."1 r ,""c-bor ... :\ n CIII:,loy.>n aou~hi; ~o :-c-ct t~:_"tcr:~<l ~tr: "e~ b:, ~o"'"-'ldjll& thllt "ir ~OVCrn.""'.n; -- f. ccrn! or sh:L -' . cnll ;)>:t D.n ed troops . You ca'1 re. c-' c"!' '.:.'" ,a:."/l",., lo~·,,!"-- resort..,d

o ~he UJl.A1".er'cD.l pr .. ct\~e -- s""1.'1 -·,..!'o~+;u"atcl:· f~llOTled n ~om~ sectioI.s o~ tho cOIL.try _.' 0:' h' ri",' lebor spies "-Jld

S(ttl.l'Il up "riVllt" arsonals to [, :;- ret ~ut "",,,,tic •• of a W11on .

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- , -'I' he ""u,e of labor ~ .. s r .. ve l ed for .... r d ,In"e those

da y s , ov e r .. road beset with difficulties , b~th from wi t hin its rn~mbe r shlp and from ,,1 ~hou: . You,' 0"" or,.aniution Is an out standln.- exampl tl oj the procr " •• which h ... been .... de , 8y 1933 you,' .... "'berlhlp h'ld drop~"o. to 10 , 000 . 'Hithln the l .. st .even yearl you have <:rOYI!) to '" m.,,,,ber.hip of ~OO , OOO ,

In tho,e Ume leven years ortan1u.J labor a, a VIol .. ha$ beco"," atronp:er in Ill(llIIbership , in influ~nce , and in its C!lp"'ctty to serl'e the interest. of t~,e labor irll nan and wo"",n And of SOCiety In [." .. r n! , th .. n at any oth"r tillle in our history . !.Iuch of thts proGress has b .. en due to the on" thin( _hloh this Admlnlltratlon , fro~ the very betinnln~ , ", .. s Insist"d upon . _ th" ossur ance to l .. bor of th .. untruzn" l "d r i~ht t o or~anize .. nd to bar~aln collectively ~th their er.tp l oyer. , 'I' hat principl e h'l" no", becor..e firnly i mbedded in thtl h ... of the l o.nd i It mu.t r emain as th1 found.tion of indu s t r ia l r ol .. tionl fo r all t i ll'.". ,

'I'he pri:lclpl, hu th" .u;;.port tod .. y not only o f oq~anl ."d h.bor :". a wholo . but al.~ o~ ~.un~red, of thous"lnds of decent , p,·"ctic .. l , for~ .. rd _lool:illf .,,,,.loy,rl . A d"c"do "1>0 a minority of ,,"flor r . "'er~ w:lllln~ to .. oc.pt the pr inciple of co l l .... tll'e b .. r, ... inin? ; tod .. ;· the r:l3jo r lty .. f employers I adly ador.t it .

And with th .. t f .. unoation, th~ last aGv~n yo .. r s hnve .cen .. sori .. a of 1 .... ' enact .. d to ~i y" to lto.bo r .. fai r "".,.e of the (Cod lite to which f r oe m~n ~nd "' .. non in a f r .. a n .. t ion "re entitl ed .. s .. llI .. tto r cf ri?~t . '"ir ",ini mu.", "1lrU .. re be l ne; est .. bllahed f .. ,· ",c"kll r s i n inJuatr y ; '" 'cent maximlJlll hours and day s of labor hn vo !>e~n s~ t, to brin/'. ~bout .. n kn~rlcon st .. ndard of llvln~ ,,"d r ec r ",ationi ohUd labor hea boen outlawed in praotic .. lly 011 f .. ctorb.~ .. Iy, t el:'l of employment .. xch .. nl'es hOI b .... n cr e .. ted ; .... ~hiner.· hOI been let up nnd Itrencthijned and succ .. ssfully ua:d for the mediation of lab .. r .:nlput·,S . 01'cr "'J:"I .. 11 hall b~.,n croated a .htllter of aoclal locurity __ n founJatl .. n up .. n which is bein .. b"llt prot"cti .. n f ro", til, h'l~ .. rds .. f .. ld .. re .. nd Wl8r.lploy::.ent .

7hi , prot;rou .. t the L,ut Ul'en Y" .. r l h .. bJan di f fioult. It hu bean bJSet by ob.tr ucti .. n and by btt t J r propaganda from corteln .. inorlty ~"" up. In th" community who il"d b)'ln accuato.>od fo r too lII"ny !"er$ to tho oxplo i htlon of ~h') Vr .. "t ,O\I!.S. of I.oopl~ who wol'i<e d fo r t hr.n . I t WIU th ... 81Jn.l t;'P" of "p,'o~1 t i on to whioh I bad b~ .. oma .. ecu.tom"d dl>rin~ my "ttr" pubUo earJ~r , d>\ti nr; b .. ck t .. ... y first ~l"otion to thJ S nab of th~ Str>tJ .. f N,,, y .. rk thi r~y y .. cr. "(0 n.1I Autu:n" , co"tinuin~ th,.ough my s~rvi:e ror nearly i -',t y~&rs "IS I,~~ist.nt 3 .. ct<!lt .. ry of the: IlVY, .. nd IIl,Y a~rvlc:> d',rln. r<;our ;.'<:I".rs "s <:ovcrnor of th~ la. r gcs t labor ,="vl oyln-.... ~,,~c In t."~ Union .

,· .. u will I' ·~",b .. r th..,t kind of "1'~o.1tion In the ea."'!,,,i,::n of fow' y ... rl I:.~O '>.h:;n ca r t ... i" c .. [l"~crl . r .. l ltieians lind n1tV,npa,Jrl -- .. Il .. f doon o.r no.: cotiv in this c&/IIp .. i!; n i n an ?ffort to ml~l .... d f.nJ intir.lUlit.., labor , .... nt t .. tho oxt.,nt of Iuttln~ Wlt ru~ "l'.etionJcrl,,~ "oUo ... in pay .. nv ,· l op'" In or d ,r to Imosh 'il-. n· I" .oelal ",curity IIc t and fe r e~ I t a r )p~al by JI.,otin~ \ ts undmie • •

rh~t kind .. ,' "Pt'o, iti on oom. I only too .. rt~n f r .... thJlo wh .. re~'llo.rly fo,' ~hrJ_ y.nrs end olrllt mcnth. bl .... k Labor' l w,lfnr , and th ... for fou, ' " .. nth~ loudl~ l,roolai,., th .. t tho)' I r Labor's trua frl ,nd~ -- fr"", thou ""0 lova tho la.borlnr. ". ... " in N .. v~",b"r but J'orl!;et hi .. in Janu .. l'y .

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In s,~ite of U"t OlP)sit.ion tl,,:! vast ;:-.ajority of our sl:Iall business r.ICTI ha.e :lOW bc~oll'e con"ir.ced U13t the eains of labor are t he gains 0:' tr." cr.tire 1ntcrde!lent!cnt cot:lJ1lunity, lind that the r;elfare of 1<_Jor is iJ'.:lispe"sable to til", welfare of al l. The., kn".y nCllt tl'.at t..'le1r best C:lstopcr is a satisfied , adequa t ely Pllid Tio rkcr ·.,ith a fe(!li n;! of s(!curi ty agains t un­e"'ployme"t and pevert;! i" his old age .

~';e ar e s t Hl , ;LO· ... _ve l' , <,tuit e dista"t fro", t he objec­tive whicil I/C seek -- the securit;! ani t.'le h1r;h st.andard of living for ever y !'an , womn am child which the resource s and man -powe, of AL:'w!rica ~kc !=>Clss ible .

Our adva:lce has been ac co",li~ hed with !latience and del ib~ration . That is the der.'locratic Tfay ; th<.>.t is the road .mich leaos to ).,,1s t inl. ~esults . hcr e in Ar.lc r ica Tie have kept our feet on the l.rowld ; our ~)r o,;r"ss has bee~ stead y and sure ; Y'e have not been :::islad by illus .. :-y 9ronises .

Event ~ abro~d r.ave ~hown too lat e the result of the other kind of ,ethoc!s -- pro::-.ist"s cf s"ift, revolutionary relie f ; seductive pictLres af p"M.cca5j short cut~ t o prosper ­ity and " lenty , "ictur<.)d as sir-l'l~ aoc. easv -- all of U:"!se have led to the sare <or",,,,::' ::'La?'~id;¥nt . For these ;)romises people yielded u;'l U.eir libo 'r ths :,nJ a ll tha t ~de life de.!:r . In exc;:an.:e the;! )':.ave received o~::': the ratio~in.;; of the i r news, tile raticmin", 0: their rdiLicm , the ratianinr; of t he clot h.,s upon their baCKS , and ~he r ationing of the breaj upon their t;:.blcs .

Cur "ro r ess r..lOSt continue t .. be a steaciy and deli';)erate one -- '.-e cannot stand still , .:e cannot slip baCK . ie must looh fOl"\lard t o certain definite th i n;;s in t he near future . For exar.ple , ttl<" benefits of social 8(!­curi t y should be broadeneC md extended; uner:>;Jloyr.tent i n­surance st.ould cover a l.arger nur:t>er of rrorkc r s . Our old age ;>ension syste" "lll:lt ::'e ir.lj'reved and extemledj t!".a ar.\Ount of the pension 5'1ould be inc n.~$cd , anJ , abov!! a l l, these per.sions !""Lust b~' giv~n in a "'..:mner "hieh "ill re­soect the di[;nity of th_ life of s .. rvicc and labor \'1hich our aged citizens have r;i vcn to the nation.

It is ::Iy hope t hat soon t he Uni t ed Sta t es will ha ve a national sys t "l1 uno"r Hhich no neGdv nan or nonan uithin our bord~rs will lack a mininu.':l old a;:e pension which "ill provide adequ<:tc food , cbt)11n~ (l.ne lodgi.'l f; to the end of the r oad - - Iri thout havin[_ tOiPW th .. poor house to get it. And r loor: fo!"".{ard to a s;!ste:c >lhich , in adoition to this bar e minimum, \'1111 ,m \)l~ thos" ~[ho have fniti"tfull: ' toiled in any occu:mtion to ;"uild up add!.tional sCCU!"ity for their old ate whieh l'fill aIL·:;>".: tile::! to liv in co.'7\fort am! happine ss .

The peopl~ ~';st d,ei('" ,:~", .... ~r to continue th;) t:pe of bovern~nt "hic!: llllS fostered U.3 ·)ro.;n:~s to ela te , or wbe t hE: r to tu r n it ev~r to thoser.o ,,~' tl: ir action , if not Ill<7ays by tru'ir ,"orei , have shoun U;Lir fU'l,:'U:l~n~:;.l o?pJsition to the = in o"j~c tives to"arct '.Ihich .:'J h:J. voJ lYcr K_d in thc> P(l.st anC: to "hich .1 .... ar;;l ".fbiWl;! co"""itt(;~ for the future .

Ther e are SOi'"C "ho wo,.:ltl not ~nlJ swp now the pro~ress lie are mkifl{; in social dIld 1 .. ';)01' le6 islation , but."iol.'ld even re;>ea l v/hat h;1;S been " na cted durtn;; the oas t spven ,'ears a ll on the plea th:-.t lin adeq~ate national defense requires it . They woule seel: unlL.,ited ~.0\J:'<; of la';)or . The: .. would seek 10ller ~'abes . Thcy'louid see);. t ;IC cancellation of t hose safe­<.:uar d, for '.;hiel, >Ie hlv .. all struC:.clcd so Ion;:: .

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I .';till beli'!ve, hO"ever, <J.S ! c:.id ',','h{;Il 1 said on 1,lay 26th last: " ':e , .. u.';~ t:lIlf:c- sur<;- ~n all t!1llt '::e c:.o \.h&t there be nO ~real;do',m or cance].lation of: an:? of :nc great soci al Gain~ which l,'C ;,ave !:Jade in these past ;,'ea:'s . • ... ':'here is 'lOthinll in our present c:ncrt;enc:r to justify J. retreat [rom any of our social obje~tiv"s -- conser'/atian of resources , ac:;istance to aGriculture, housinz , and hel" to the uncierprivileG0d" .

Our "lighty national defen~e effort J.E;::.inst all pres~nt and potential ti1r~"ts can>1ot be ::)Sa~urcd alone in terr:l5 of mathemat ical increase in the number of soldie,s end sailors, Or of guns Or tanb cr plane5 . Behind ther.' all r.u~t stand a united ?,ople whose spiritual and Jlo",-l st,cnrth has :lot been :w.pped through hU'lf,~r or )"ant or !"~U, or insecurity . ':'he norJJ.e of U )eople is an tssential ,;upplcr..cnt to their f,uns and planes .

I am cC:lVlnced thole a tr~ .. \;do'·m of existing l<lobor ane. social 18gislation \~ould \"'''\;~n rolthcr tha:l increase our e!"forts ~or defense . C,mtinu;:r\ce 0:· ther., r..cans the ;:>reservatiJn of the effichncy of l .. bor . It ;r:QJ.ns the return to rlor\; of s(jveral t:!illions :ltHl une",;:>loyed .

~i,e ~J.,?l0Y'''ent of additio;Jcl ·xor l'G's are. th~ provisions for over-t1:--£ payr.>cnts for over-H.,,, \"lor\; ,·rill insure ac.equa~c wor\; ing hours at dacent ·.'''g03 t o do all tha~ is non necessary in p',ysic,.l t:"fense . ···c ·:.'ill not overlook thc lesson lenrrwd in Europt: in pa~~ years .

At ti:r~~, int~rn"l obs·,a.cl~s to thc gro,·rth of labor !lllions have cooc in thos!' "'If"" in5t;mc~s ",h~rtC thc oceasional scoundrel has appeared in position of lcacersh1p . Labor unions arc not the only or ga:llzatior.s · ... ll.ich hnve to suffer innocentl;r for th., cri:.l~ s ;;r.c ",isd~cd" of O'l~ or t'·10 of their selfish <>;00 euilty members . ';·h~· rule "Z>lic:l to ,,11 orGanizations , to all tr.::C:cs 1lfld lJrofcsslons alike .

I cannot add to the tef"l..3 of condeT:'.nation ..,bich your rrc~ident , "'Y ole. f r iend Dan 70bin, included in his report to your Convent ion in which he s;;l.id:

" . . . . It is indccd pitiful and heart­breaLi:1 and seriousl:,' depressing to find tha t allOngst our allort:lOus r:lemb(r~hip ,

composed of cl"an ,"en, fat:1Cr~ of fx:,ilies , Ar..Lricans of the pure~t type -- to find ar.-.onest this .oember5hip soc.\e creatures so bereft of decttlcy anll hor.or <loS to bring diSGrace UpO:l t,le Intcrna~ionoll Union" .

Labor I.no'·{s t.hat ther( is nO root:! in th~ labor move­r.ent for th~ r<:cl:eteer or the stronG-J.r;'1 1.13n . Govern;;.ent is dcte,::lined to help labor· unio:ls clean t.heir house of thos., fe'·' person.:> \·:ho h;;.ve !;l.; t raycd them.

In t his Gre;;t crisis has cor::tC proof that organized labo r, as )"..ell as all other grouys of cur citizens , is a\7arC 0; its ",·n1 res;:>onsi~ilitles . I have called on represcntJ.Uves of labor to servc" and h'l.'Je plac~d tl~Cl.1 in responsi~le positions to take part in the defens~· "'orL of their govern.wnt . fro", the vtcry start , r~p!"esc1tatives 0:: labor, including your 0'""1 di~tineuishcd Prc~ident, hn.v~ shared in fOrJ;lUlati:lg and administering thE ;>rogra,,. ..

I a~ particularly glJ.u to be able to say that the A. LL . , the C. I.O., and the flail,oad Droth(rhoous are all loyally cocperating in this effort ,.:ith the llatiol1al D~fense CO;:-J:ussion e.nd ."lit:l t h( An.y arx! )'""..../ . ,his cooiX';"ation in the tas\; of naUono.l defens( ·.:ill , I hope , enco'.lCage closer and more fri~ndly rolations bct .:een thc~e great l<.1bo, or gani ZD.. tio":; .

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- ''''0;1\1 that Merica ,-,ill never !>e diuppointed in its expectation "t~.I\t ll\bol' "ill ahtays continue to do its share of the jo!> To'e :tOY, face , llatrloticdly and unselfi~hly .

1:1 our .eal'oh for nationc.l .:nity 1\, the bull of ne.tion,,-l dofe:lze , it 1$ necossary nnd i t is fair that every ~.U.;"'''' bein;:; b the United Statel contr ibut" his share . Thl. nppli'" both to thon "ho train in the fighti ll(, forcOl and to th" force. of " o'lllcora behind th" linea .

It is equally n"cauary am! fair that n"ry dollar of' capital in A..".,rica also contributc its share . Just ao lon::; a. ,.,,, continuc to clIll upon r.en tc train for co~bat. am! for service behind the lines, "rill we also cOlltinue to cell uron the industrial plants of the nation for the service which they can &1v,, _

::epitt1.1 a!1d industry as well es le.bor Ilnd e.griculture .. ro r'."spol1dinc , Ilnd I Im~lI "rill continue to respond .

'Ihe nation, thro~h it~ elected reprelontat1vos, is no" ado:>tinr th" principlo of selective Wliverul training of its your.,; .,..= . On the .n.."", pl'inciplo , nc rO(llonable porson can o:,jed to civtl\~ the Govort"lr..ent U.e pcwer to e.cqu1re the services of Ilny plant or factory for ad"quate cOl:lpenntion , ,f the o''"''or r"fusoa to PUlJr;e its service. ava11abl(l t(l the (lefense necds o!'" the nati(ln. This is nothing n8" in American life . T~_(l principle (If e~inent dOl:".e.in or e):linent use 11 a. old as de"ocrntlc t;0vertlDOnt ihelf . It !::erely penoits rovernr.o"t to acquira or to use , for" fair ..... d reason.blot I'rlce, eny "rop"rty which is nocenary for its proper i\meti o1'.int; .

Tho ovorwhol1:linc r:lejority of our munitions end othe r dafense r equirement. '1'0 now !I'lIl.nufv.ctur ed by prlv~te enterprise under private "",naremont . \.'0 continuo. thll. t p,·ceon . It i s onll' in the r.l'c , isolated cp.so tha t thc ""'nor of a ple.nt will r(lfu"J to dee.l with hil ~OVCrl"l1llellt in a foil' way.

3ut if =d \/hcm such eue does ariso , the r;ov"rn::.ont cUJInot sta"d by, heblass in its effol't" to em nnd defend itscl!'"_ :10 buaints~ il o.bo'."'o its tov(lr'lU:lent; &lld CovoMlJ:lOnt should be e"",o,':ored to (l(lal ado<;.uatoly with any bu~in(l1S whiCh tri.es to rhe .b(lve its e;(lvernr.lCnt.

In 0.11 of theso plans for llRtionnl dofcnall , only thoslI ";~o so~k to Flay 1.I1'on the f""rs cf the A"l(lrico.n pO<lple , discover c.."l att(l"'7t to lo"d Us into "ar . ':'he Amorie~ll poople \11; ,'ejcct that kind of pl·opar",nd" of fear , no thoy h.D.vo rejcctod sini)"r types which arc "000&.ion,,11y" spread nt oloott"n til~e . They knOll that acainst the raging toroo. 100so 1'"1 the "'orld the bG3t dcfonoc is the strongost prcparodnoss -_ f1~htiIl( :--.cn rJld oquipmont in front , and fighting indultry Ll<l a{;ricultuN bohind tho lines .

-enk:l""~ in theso ().ay~ i8 a cordial invt tati(ln to attnck . That i~ no lonr,er theory; it is 1\ pro~n fcct __ provod i~ tho ,,~ .• t year .

r n:-_to I"Il!.r nOT.' ,"oro thr.n evcr . I hl!.vo onf! suprome doter::linction -_ to do nll I C;ll! to kO(lp war aw •. y hem those shores fer ull tino . I st:u:d , lfith my p,,-rty , up(ln th(l ph.tfom "dopted in (':!u.cr,g(l ,

" :c win not pr.rticiput e i!l. f(lr(li!:n "'ll.T! ,

"-nd ",,: "I~ll not lend Ou r orn'.y , mvol or "'lr forcas to firht in fOl'oiGn lo.nds out&ide of thc r\t:l(lric~,s , OTcopt in cc.sc of nttack" .

Lot us bl'vo an end t(l the ~ort of appo.t.ser.wnt which a-:>_k. te keep u~ '",lple.~ by plo.ying on fear and by indiroct u.bota~c of ",11 the procr"a~ WG o.rO ,.,.eJ'ing . ftAppoa,cl:lOnt ft

is n polite '_'Ord for n,isdircctcd pt.rtis<Ul~h1p .

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, -In ou,' effor t:; fo:' !l.ti~n8. 1 d~i'e~~e , fine tell."'l~"Or)c hils

:':'M'n de" ~ln cd __ c.",\ you t~r.:,ste,'s kn~' v,hat that I'ord "telUTlwcrk" r:lerJ)S .

th~ CO'ltir.u!lnce of this t~a;:~:o,.:,: . ",r':er ,;~.'" pr'ts~'lt ",.., r e;er:c:' 13 over , ,dll l.OY" "~".se,,u~"ce8 01 la"ti"_~ (;O')d to the nation as ... v .. ltele . :t -"ill er, ... ":' '' \IS to enjoy an inte r tLd securi t)' tr(\"1~cend~"" "w,thl::' r."o·cto f"r" kno~n .

o",'S is ... ,,.~ .. t h~r,tr.7c ; ,." , ~,'c 'l"tornlned with .. 11 our .. ffcrt lind ",,-"ht to 1{~~: ,., i"t~CL . t"t ,.'O,',,,r$ i. n the f"c~o"ies . '.b: far. DrS on t::~ 1",,,; , :ill .. '>u~in'es "en in ~l"nts W1~ o:rlccs ".re ,,~.el:· to the .. e r ils .. !lleh thr"aten AIooric .. . ;'0 solrls:-_ i,,·ore~· , no r~r~onnl ""IJ~~ion , no "olitical "..,mp:>!r:n "'"" swt:.y t'>" ,.T..'o'·lt~' •. ill 01 our people to ~<,,:'" !.lTnrl.co. $t , · or.~ - _ 3(:,i to '''''''~ i.t fr.;e .

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"'.'O.D--~ ¥ ' , •.• ::.~ Septe,..ber 1(; . 1940

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J.!'le.·ic~ r_~', ,, ',bj:.~·.l s~l~e~i·." s,'r\'ice in ti:-e of I'e .. ee , and , ,n "oi,- .,~ . hu bI"(Hd~"c (t _"11 <'1.,",heo. o'H ""sic coneept. 01 cltiten ­sni . :~.~,;~ t',~ ,\oar de-. .,~rat\~ i;ledo of e,j"al r"-~\~s , equal r, 'i}"-",s ~,,: "' ... ·J"I 01,ort',Uc\cihs . ' h"1'Je ~ e t forth the "",derl;-in~

:r ::~~ , ,~1. -atl""5 • . J ,',_ ,c,.ibilj~ies of. " '1u,,1 se'"',ie" .

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Ir: 1;)-,:15 tr..>vi .in for 1"lior: ~.d un,hq,'~~,j trll1! in t.h_

' ~ f""5e, '.,,, h6.v "ot clrvel :,\.~or:r of our d"",ocr.tte insti -

t,,~i;>"5 , en ~~,~ ,,,,,'-.r.,r:· , ilnve ~,'r·el:' r~,,-s ... r~<>d an ol,j .no r."o·'pt " :-.inoi I. u! d8l::,crr.tlc "~v'rM".~nt , 7he ",llit;o. ':lIteM , ", ~Llt _ "-r,.; d ~ili:,_'r.r" , .. \~, V. ubl,-"tion of milit<>,ry ,"rviee incul'l',,'nt ,,~otJ V,,'" fr~ ,.- '- n , i-.<~ its :-oots in t:,n old eOl11rlon I,,,, . It n.S brou".ht to this conUr:"nt by our forafa~h·.'r5 . It \I".' ~n o.cc 'I't"1 i,.';~itutio!\ Ir. ',ol~"bl .'h,ys . At th,. tim of I'. "')j.tian 0:' ~ f;d"r'l Co"st1.~uion , nil" of th,. thirt~m st1lt .X ,li":'~l:' :'r~'1i".:1 or 'mi,,~,.s.l "~r 'ti."" in thdr basic

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,j 'cc~sto ·d~. .r~shl~ , '1'~, -" .. r~ "rt"d for .,,\IiterJ d"ty , h ':>ro" c,' '. ;'" hi., hi ""os ~ Ill",' "is po':cd,r norr. , flis .aily Ii!' in'~r:! hi,,, to riror3 o! ·,nrf .. r' .

T, J~:r. _c,- ".,.t of ,8r e"lI. l"r a ,':ide vari.-.t' of t ,chnieal 'O~S . ~~ rtO Ii! loa. ~Jt 10r""s;': tho -.;,u8Ii~1 s d !'land"d

~ :;ol r·" . ~r"ov' r , \I .'I.,u ~'k "r,,',d forc'_s , Y': ;!Iuot h~v,· "-"u"i~ioc ," i"du~tt':' ~, 0. I-"rt .,f "r, _con,,;-.i:: :;yst"", c~"Bblo of ,,'o',~!i"- t~, fi-~.<-in" ,'_'11 "tit" hb full r,.,-,;r,; nts of al""" "lld ~ui:'",.'nt . ,.l:' i,.J~'i..u~ls, h r',or:, :1I'~ serV·, ·.r..ir ~ountry sl ':>" hol"'"1 .1. ir :>0.':3 ort I' ~ro,"ction lill. Th~ ol:>jcct

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,.._" 0\' our ~s 'os~il)l'

A:-",y "-I1J :;'v:.' Dnd. ~h 10r.,.1 Iif of

l.c~iv s.,'~l '" iots or 0\;'- s<-.'_~ • • mi:h 31n-ly ~nd In th ~rO'Jy , _,,', b "1. ,1 ,·Iv J~" 0" r8t.' itr Uw fa1rnJss and jJS"! ch'rc,~' r'.'ie of Ir , rj,·,o"r~:io institution' , ""cSt I '·s "r : ~~-i ,~r .. t,ie~, d.~~lficc~ion , s,l ction , ~11~ induction .

,. ',d",sds.:: , (;ctob~r .iftecr,t h hilS b, m sat ",sic.e , on which dey .r" __ p_}) bA". Jnn ~I ~nd J~' , Inc1usivo , will b" ~xpcctcd to r <>port

~ " n.i .. · .. \:>or"oo·; pt 'cll1~t t~ fill out r. ,. "ic,tr"Uon cerd nn:! !l

r 'iotrrtion ~,',rtirlc~t,' . The· e,;rtific~" ;,c,:;u"d t o th~ j,ndividu~l ,ill!:> c,rri <1 b:' I,i', ".~ t·,s~i",,"i,l to his r.ccopt'\1ICe of th~ [url'i"-~~"~',I o"'li,c~ion.)f d~i U!'n 5:~if ' rio,:' r.,istr.tlon cera will '.> • or-- ,r~ ,1 !.O ~~ cOWlty ct· rk or si",iL'r ofllebl and will be

ii' ... ~ ":' 'li ... ,0 f· loc~l s~Lc~i" s rvic.' bO:lrd . Thos" oo"r<1s , cor';' tin' 0" til" 1"11, d, apv:in~ .• by the '-r~ ld nt, upon rcco:::.-."." ~ ~ 0:- ~_: 3~·t 0; r:,~"", : !l 1:>, sot Ui' in r;or~ th'.n 6 , 000 c~m:,'.u:i 1 ~",11 '~' st tr., no~il:' '_~.' ~··'i<>n~l .tr,ctor of sdecUv" 5 r·:ic. lh: .11 0: ,., loc~l l~:,..jS h,v, C"':I,I' t~d this >'Or\< , '" n.,ti~r_ .. l T' :;':'.- \I:r- lot '_ ill t rl"_il1 :>-, o:d"r or ~d(;rit:r of tho " -1 :r "',3 i:'l ,~lo:.l ',Ol,rd . r· r", .tlo,,~l prloritr li,t ill ,:>, ,,,,nis" __ '! to t'l loc-:u )0'··.· . L t.h .. cor,.;s;on~i~~ ord"r of

~',l cti.). '''ill b 'nt. r on t )' 'i;~r ,' ~ioll c ,r~$ in th .ir c"st~dy ,

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939-

1941

- , -The Driori t y e~t:lblished b,v the drm .. inr, ... .-ill G'eter::>ine the

order in ,-rhieh questionna1!'ao "l/i11 be !:'.ailed t o thO! re,;istrants . t:!,on receipt of the~e Ituestionn"ir~s the registrants will enter on the:;" f~M~ :x:rtint'nt. fac~s on tr.c basis ~f lihiet> tl:e1r riMl cli!.ssi:"ication will be d~tcrmjrl(!d .

There ..-ill be or; ~.nlzed in cvcr~' CO:-:.:llnit.",' in our nation :!dvisory ooarc:s for re.,;istrant.5, cOClposed of ;:atriotie: citizens , civilian volunteers, t.o a:;:;i::t :-e::;ist.'anl.s in _,resenting fairly tile fact.s to be U3Cc! in d'V'l"!"in1n;; t,,,, :,lace of ,ach individual in the sene""" 0:- national cefCflSC .

t.fter the ret.urn of th~se 'luestiomnires , t.h~ local bOord , after d~ cO:l~id~ra.tion, will :'Jlace t]'e rc:;istrants in on<:: of fo\U' class"s . In Cla~s r will b(! those \llJo arc availa\Jlc for imI:ledia t " servic~ j in Cla$~ 11, those ,':lO <I:'C d"ferr~d bt!cau~c of the e~~en­tial charact er of t.'lc ~ervi.cn th.;.y ~r~ r~nderin ;:. in their [lresent occupations; in Class HI thon~ in,iivll:illlb ·,',ho shol.lld b ... deferred because of individuals d"';'lerid(.nt u:"Jon th~1'\ for suoport; in Class IV th:lse s:>ccificall.,. ( . .;Lrr"d !ly the tem.s of th~ Act .

The total ,,=b~r of In.:!ivbuals ne"ded by the arn'..'d forc~s \1ill be p:-or::te<.! a:"ol\; the several sk.tes . In this allocation due con~ideration dll be -".iven to the n'.l.-ber ~f GlM IIlread] furnist.ed by that state for our m.ilitary forces . ;hthin each state a Guota , in a sinHa:- ;,anner, ... ill be div i.:!e.:! a:1On,; t.he local boar ds . ThllS, each localit:{ will be asked to rurni~h its faL- shaN ot indh'i ~uals for irlduetion int.o our nr:;cd forces .

In ""cn of these loce.l x>ard eI'C!as jndivhual~ !:letween t.he /Ices 0:: le and 35 Hill :'e offerf~d an oplOrtunlty to volunteer for a ona-ye:.u Jerioc. of s~rvioe and tr.1i.nin,; . Such 1I ,,::llican ts 'rill be acce":lt<'c. before IIny otlh'r in,\ividur..ls ;:ro selected, provided they arc suiu..,le for mlit.al':' service. It -.,ill be the dut.y of the local board t.o s~lect a~ .,.;.ny addtion:ll indiviollills liS are necc~sary to fill the quota !'or t,:ut :n.rtic",br (lrell .

Followi n;; the tentlltivo selection of t1'. s" iruliv1C:\Llls, a local nedical e)[~pin..;r :lUI c)[1l.;i"C' the.." ph'sically. If they lire acce;>tcd, ttry .;ill bo S .. nt !·or; .. ~rd for fln:!.l ;>hys1oal exal:\inntion by ""':\ical ol'fic~rs of th, ;.r r:g , 1.'::vO' 0:- .":>rine Cor ). Those T.ho pass ,.,ill be induct.Jd int.o t.he s~rvi~ - .

In t.he rliliLry service t,.,!,:, ;;ill b~ int',lH ... ~ntl: .. l~d , COr.l­[ortabl y clotb~dJ ... ell frd, :Inc! (ld~"ut.tely ar.,.,~d ~_nrl equi;:lpcd for basic training . By t.hc tiro:; tik!i IV~ physically nard:mod, r.'.iJntally disciplined ;:nd pro-;crly trc.ir,~d i" funj.,::"..':nt3.1s, t~,( flo;: or criticd munitions Iro:; f~ctor J to co~b~t units ,ill r.'Iec t. t.he full r~Guire::-ents for th;ir ·1.ctv'.nccd tr(liniq: .

In the I:Iilitar:r ser vice, ,,~_ric;:ns fro"" ::11 \I;:l:'s of li!~, rich end poor, count.r-"-:'l"ed crld cit.:' r::.iscc, i .. rrLr, lItuJ,.,nt, ~.ar.ul1 laboNr '1.."1d ":litc colLr ','or\:yr, \:ill L3.rn to liv s:l<:!c:'y s1C;e , to dc,crni u?on ..:.ch oth.r in .!Iilit.:...-y driEs :me, rnr.~uv rs, ::!'!c: to ;lilpr.::cii.tc eacr. oth';l"'S di,-nity :IS r...-:-.cricJ.."1 citi~~n5.

Ur.ivLr~a.l syrvic¥ ;,111 brinr; not or.ly lOu:.t.'!r pr~par"dncss t.o ne~t. the thr~;;t of ',:'ll", :'ut. :. "wer distri:'ution of tolcrlnc<l OInd unJ~rst~~din~ to enjoy t.hJ bl~e~ines of pc;::.ce.

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939-

1941

~"''''' '" - ,.,,' -, ,,,." "~~,,' "

Sept"nober Ie. , 11140

.\",e.';,,'1 ~.~~ a bi··,ed selQc~I' .. " s"rvice In tl:'>6 of p"""e , L~d ,

in _01:,- ~o , h~s bro .. :!,,::,," ,~l (!!,r1=hcc 0'.], ".sle concept of cttilen -st,\. ::%i':' .. t· ... "lear d,,-.,,:ratlo i"""I~ of .... ual rl. 'hts , equal ri ';I"-,,s ':Ir,,; ",,·~ .. I cr,ortunl~!~s . "h'l.',. set forth the underl;'in~

~I' 'r ~,~i~s . ,)~li~"'ti,,"s "r.J l',;s,'or.~ibiljtles of equ"l .",,,,lce .

III thus ,-.r"vl:lin~ for n~tionll :~fc"5e . ',\'" hs.vc not o"rved ~ ~ -" "ud Un,h'll·ted tr~1.l in til', history of our dero.oc raUc Insti ­tutions . en ~he "ontrer;' • .. ,.., h~ve ~er"l:' r~a~scr~"d an Olol an<!

.. cc~pt.d ,'rin~1_1' oj' ~c--:-_"cr"-tl c ~ov~rn...,ent . ';'ha uUiti" s:lsteo . ". s<>'j_"-r~,<l c!"I:~nr" .. iU. ~t~ "bli-ation or .,U1."ry s3rvicc ineu,,:'''nt "Gon ·'V.1:':· free "",_n. ~<.s its roots in tl':" old COr:\l!\on l·~, . It .·"s brou~ilt to "his contin"nt by oOJr for~f"'t"~r s . It \1~.3 en nCc~ft'.Q in'ltitution in ool""'i~.1 ,;"ys . At tho, time of t.'-, __ , .,d~itbl1 '.;' "~,, 1'ede r"l Cons~1tuior. , nln' of thu thirt~'n st~t, S .,, __ li~ltt:, rro"i'l.~d 1'or un1~e;,,~el sorvice In their b"s1c 1,,':s .

1" th,,~e t:, 'S , li~,tle w~s r '--juir,d in the ',P,y of e~uipm nt ""d tr.ini.-.-- '-or I.ll ITI('" in a,.. . .s . -,,~ uv~rc~~ A"'~rico.n hp,d his fl1nt ­loe~ "wl ,,,::)\'. hoy, to us" it . In ',~"it ; on , h" ',,!Is h~althy . stron.~ .

=d ~ccusto-"i to h.rdshi~ . '1'''1 h·· r.-·Art~d rOI· '1Iilitnry duty , h" brou'h', dti- hi"! hi. !;lush"· a.~J his pot"d,r horn . iii. d"lly lil' 1nuT):i hi,,, to·~ riro r s (If '>Qrf"r ,

"0 -n .,'1 ~rt of l'.Br c~lIs l:lr " <-ide ..,arlct· of tochnical • • ~)""'s . ~1 rn I tf 10-05 :1~t .""Ms;,.· n.· 'l~al1ti~s d~nanded

0: 501 .••. • '.')rcov· r . b:,"i",i .'t-;: "r,,~d fore· .• • ~.~ ,"u~t h~v~ a ."unitior:~ injustr:: o. " ~iJ.- r t of 1>.11 .. "on"",;c "ystc:'> c"f'Bblo of j ,'o'/IHn- t"t" fl-!,',!ne: <,,,n -~ith hl~ full r~~"ir"'L"ts of a,"1\O rtnd oui;'" 'It , ~.'y \.~·l\ .. i .. u"'s , -h r',or" . ;'!I~ s,rv.;, th~ir eOUlItry

b $t b" hclui!t ·,It tr !,os';~ on 'On :--ro"uclic.n It,,:. . Th~ ooject 0; ~_I C~i'l, s r"lc; is o~ "rcvi<lc no" .01' our " ... y &rid ~""l' and ',. ~h __ $"., tic. dl&turb c'o Ilt.l '-$ ,'Oss;!)\<' th, lIornel 1if:. of :'1~ nntioll .

S l~ct;v· 3 .,·vieu ~o"d,ts of fa",. stc",. "ilL:h oin~ly ~nd 111 t'1e ~ro"l. , !\ll.v. b,.·" d~'JI,,;::d to op rll.t~ ~_ itr the fll.lrn~s. and j"~I".1 ch'ro.c·_ rls'lc of fr- , d,"ocr~tic irlStltutions . TheS(; ItJ"S .r.: ~,,-Ltr' •. ion. cl.$~if1~"tion , sel ctlon, ~r.~ intiuction .

·dn"s~a:: . CetobQr sidecr.th hIlS b~~n set II.s1de , on • .-hieh d",y "v.r': ,"", l 'J b:tw~r.n U fLnd 35 , incl ll sivo . will b3 'xpectcd to r eport to '. n.,i~·'.borhooi pr 'cinct t o rill out .. rc .. i~t"tion c"-r d !llld ~

r 'i~trrtion ,".r~ific"-te . ':'h~ c,rtific,,-t iU;lcd to th~ I lId\vidlld "ill b c:ltri d b~' :lim 'lS " t~stl",on1~1 to his eccc{'tanee of tho fW':~~"'~n~",l c"li~~_tlon of dti t enanip . n,,· r~r1str',tion ccrd 11'\.11 b· (·or~.-\rd,<l to >-t.' cO'.l:lty "I'rk or s1",;1"r Oflic1~l :>-nd nill bo ".Ii" red '>;r h1m ~:l t'" lOCAl s,')'ctiv] S rvie .. b01rd . These boardS , COI1~btln~ of th-, "",n , .,.eh ~pl'cll\t "j by tht '·r~.id~nt . upon rooo:o ­""nd tiv:-1s of ~~ ~t[.t" ·:o,·.~n~:'a , "1.11 be .ot up in I,tore th-.n 6 , 000 eQ ... uni:.i,:" . h_n -."" states no~I!:' ~h, n·,tio:!al dir,ctor of sclective ~_-r-,tc. t:"~~ -.11 0:' t:: loe:>l J:l",Ja ;"v'> eO'JI __ l ... t~d t'1is ,ork , " :;"tio~.,,-l .. r"',in- Jy lo~ '-ill ~ct r,.,in :;1: odor of l-dor;t:J of th" ,. 'i 'or ,,~. i:; 'h 10z ,I ',Ot,,·:! ·.r ., T"·" ,tlon"l priority list ill 'Jl l",llish,.i to "L loc'\l 1.>0';,: .r. th, corr.>l;on<!in~ ord.,r of

;;',1 o t lo~, --ill b 'nLr" or_ t_t, )' 'I.,tr~~ion ctrds in th,lr cIIstouy .

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939-

1941

- , -Th~ ::oriority est<l!Jlishec by the drawing ;'/ill determine the

order in which "ue5tior.r.aire~ viill be mailed to the !"e;;istrants . !;pon recei pt of the3e t,ue5tirmn"jres the TCi;istrants will ente r on these foms i,er t i:lCnt facts on tne basis of \·ihich their fi=1 cla ssification.rill "e d:stcTr.lined.

There \',i.ll be nr;oan ized in evcr'] coC",rLunit/ in our nation "d'lisory boarr'.s for re,;is traJ; ts J composed of ~a trictic ci t\zens , civilian volunteers, to as~ist ::-e ,;is tr<lnts in )resenting fai r ly tile fa c ts to tle used in detcrr..ininG tl .. :olace of each individual in the scheme of nationa l <.ieionsc.

After the '""turn of th~3e questionn:tir<n , the local boa. r d , after doo co:osid;,ration, I'ri 11 ? lace the registrants in one of four clas~cs . In Cla~s r will to" those Ilh,-, are available for immediate ser vics; in Cl ass II, tho,:-:> · ... ,:w ~"'e ci"ferr~d because of the eS3en­hal cilaractcr of the ~ "rv'ic" <;.h"y ar:; r underin;; in their presEnt occupations ; in Class III t:~% " indiviu,""ls "rho should be dder red because of indivicluals dq)c ndc.nt ll:10" th uM for s'u:1port; in Class IV lhose s~ecificall y dd..:rr<:~ ~y th(; t"rm~ of th~ ".ct .

The to t al nu.":lbcr of indivLluals needled by the ar",~d fo rc~s will be prorate <=! a::lon;:; the sevf'r<'-l states . In this allocation due considerat ion will be .:.iven to the nur.Dor ,)f "lP.n already furnished by that state for our ::1ilitary fones . ";;ithin each stale a quota , in a sinila:- nanncr, will be divide" a:-.on ... the local boards . Thus , each l ocality will b~ asked to furni~h its fair share of indh'idua15 for i:muction into our anted forces .

In each of these loc<:.l o03.rd =("'5 individUJ.ls ::etrreen the ages of le and 35 ',;ill ;,e offered an Op:1ortunity to volunteer for a one - :''eJ.r "erio<:! of ser vice and tr.linin" . Such ap;:>licants vill be accented before any other in~ivid \\hlS 2.ru selected , provided t hey <ire suihblc for rrilitar:r ser vice . It will be the duty of the local board to select as CIUIy ad<'-itional inciivi uuals as ar e neceGsarJ' to fill tho O,uot:l for that :>articubr tirca .

?,ollo ... i nC the tcnt"tive selection of thesc i ndividuals , a local mcdical cX2.minc:r ;ri ll exa::ti"" them ph/sic ally . If they a r e a cce?ted, theY"il! be s ent for,,~rd for fi.n:;:l,p:~ysical exa::e.nJ.tion by medical o.tf i cers of t he {,r ::1"" ;·J~.vy 0:' !::;.rine Cor~s . Those ~,ho pass lIill be inC:uckd into the ~'crvic' "

In t he r:tilikty service t.".li:' ' .. :ill b~ int"llit-cntl:-' l~d , cor:t­fortzbly clotlLc , \:c l l f(;o , "nd J.rl~c.,uc . tcly "r",~d ~.nc equipP00 for b"sic t raining . By t~" tic':' th~7 [.c~ ph}'sic.?lly hard"ncd, r'".~nblly disciplined ;md ?ro }~ rly tr~. in~d ir. fund..~"'~ntals , the flo ,,' of critictil munitions fron f::.ctorl to cor-bo.t units \iill ::Ieet the full rJquire"",nb for th Jic C1dv"ncui training .

In the military service, "J:'_ r icl:ns fTIlT! 2.11 · ... "'lks of lif~ , rich and poor, c ountr'i-t:r~d 2.,',d cit:' :-aiscd, iam~r, ~tuc~nt, tl2.nua.l labore r and "':l i t " colLr ·,lOrL,.., \':ill L :lr n to l iv J sirle by siee , to dcpend u;Jon ~:. ch othd' iel ,nilibry drilb ,,-me m::m<:uv.:rs , ",nC to ll:;>precl<-,tG leach other's di"nity us A;:"lcric3.fl ci Lizcns .

ijniv~r~al s~rvic .. ',1ill bring no~ only i>r~~"t~r pr~pllr"dness to ne at thG t hr" at of "~r , but ."1 ',;ieie:- di striout icn of lolcnnc~ ~nd unu.(;rstandinc to enjoy th;.> bL;s~inE:s 0[ pe;c. ce .

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939-

1941

/ Sel'le::,,'oe r IG . 1940

.\n~ .. \c" ".~ ... b~~"<i' c.,l"c~I·"~ s~n''.c" it' "\".0 of p .... " .. , "-'1d, i:: ,oi, - .Q , 'no bro .. d~"cd '1J ~l,,·~:r.eo. o~r ':>"alc concept o( "ititen­se.;' _. ~~!,,~ t'.~ dear J~-.~:rnti'· i:lo'do or e.l" .. 1 r\-tlh, cqu .. l ri· .. il~-:s .", ~'i'; ',l o:·l·ort'll11~\.~s , . c h".,e set forth the underl:"ill~

cl;\~r .;~l ~" , nll'at;0:!' ,,-r.J l · .,~·or.sib lli ties of equ~l scr'.iee .

In tl,,,s ,r.)v.\jin~ for n"Uon:ll 'e!~"sa , ',,'" 't6.- not ca r vec. ~ 'I '" ,ud u::,h~,·'.~d tr"i1 in t.e .. his""o,-:: cf our <i_oe l'at;c insti ­t,,~i,,~:, . en ''l~ CQn~rp.r:', '" i,~.,o c.~r·l:' r~ass,r',cd~" 010 fl.,," ""~'Ft ,-rin"l I., <J! """".erc.tic "~v~rn,.._'n~ . ,he ",iliti .. ":lst."u , n. ""'I . ,,r'.lo ,,'.h;;.;r. r " ',_itl. t'.,· ubli-,,~ion or ".lli~A. r y .~rvl.ce incllr::"''1t \l.,~Cl ,V""',' fre" :,"~", hC$ its root. i.n lM old eo"""on

"".3 ',n ~c~ 'F"- d it. ,ti~ution in ',ol~"b l ciuys , At th" ti me of th ci~itlon ·,r 'j._ f'ldar',l Co"~ ti ·.u;on , nin" of the thi ,'te, ;n st .... ~ ,x ll~i~l:' l'!"ovi(:)<l {,,,!" un1.,·"oel sc.r·lica In their b"sic

l,,',s .

I~, t'l'>5 ,:,,,"5 , li-:le "I\~ r ,"cr'" i:'l t! "ay of "'i"ip<::'Dt . ,,<1 ;r~ini ... or ".,;.:'1 in .,. -~f nV"n,"~ !~-'-'rjc"'" h .. d his flint -loc': 'n', <r. ho\' to uS ", . In ','4;~'O" . h' ',.~S h .. lthy , "tron~ , ~.,d ',C~'J,t,,, ,0.\ ~.; h r,j"ni~ . 'l'" ,.'_~rt.d ror ."ilitn. yduty ,

)L brou·ht. ,it" ;,t.,., hi" r:1usk-.', o..~" h i' po"d,. horr . • ;Us '"!lily Iii' inn,' ,j hi" to t/', ri~ors 0\ '<lll'f(:.r"

~" ' .. " . " . ' -j,." Ii!

!~. " ·.-_"'ide :.r''''siz Lh.

varlet of t.>chnic"l ~'""li"_ s d,n .. nd"d 10::' ,

,}: scl ,' . ,;"ovc·r , " :~1.~" ~._ ".: rorc'.s , ~.~ "·4:.t h"v~ " -"Ul'li~io~ inJ~$tr:-.~ f ,rt ~r , .. , _con",.,i;; ~yat':n CIlf-lIbl" or

,'o',i :1,,- t'" !"i-','oin-: c.'" -...-j·.h hie' full r~-!'llr;" :Its or """.s ""d _,!ui:'~ "t . ~n:.' i,>li -"i"u .. cs , ~h r "or. , _, .. ~ s;rv th .. i. ~ou..,try

t> st ,:>" hold" ULl. !,O,~:; o",,~ 'ro,,,ction 11,,, . Th~ object oj s l.r.tl ,,_,"Jic,' is ,~ rrovidu "'~" a,' ou r .~rmy bnJ li ,.v)" nr.d '. ~h . ~. ti~ ·Ii,tur'.> ",~ 111..1 ,s rossilJl'_ ~h nor". l lif~ of

"". ,.o·.ion ,

~ 1 c:,v s -.rvi~ "on 1 ., ,f :'01),' S' w, -.. tli:h .in~ly IJ.nd in t~ ~ro'~;" .• ltv. b !l d,-I'IQr d~" 0;. n.t~ itr the f"irn,>ss ""d j':s: _ ch'r .. c~ ristic of fr' , d,~o~r·.~ic institu~tons . ""heu s •. ,'.s r : r, ,!~~ • • ·io" , d~$dn"ntio" . s~l ct1.~n . ~n" in':'uction .

,dr,.s,I:!.:' , ~o"ob?r sly.tcn\.th h~s b'"n $"t .. sid.() , on which d .. y "v_r"' .~.I'.l: h't·,\-~C" ~l Clnd :>5 , inclusivo , will b3 -)xpe et ed to r ;;port ~? '. n .i."'.'.>" r".'lo" pc 'clnct to fill o"t ., r' 'lr,tration cord =d n • ""~'or' tlon ,. ,·ti fi c~t~ . Th(' a"rtHie~t I~.u."d to th? individunl -ill h corri ,! b:' :,i,,, '. '\ t~sL,I",~"i'l to his r.eeoptAnco of tho !,u:,.~_-; .. ~~I ;,"li,e~ion o!' "iti I9n.:~ip , fh" r.rlstr·.tion cere.,.;.l1 be. 'o( -.-"\r<i to tt", cocmty d' r :'; or si,.libr oflici'lL ... nd wiLL be ri,Ii" r d 'J:' hiro ~"t' Lo('~l S"Letlv: s r via" bo~rd . Thos" bo"rtls , eono,.tt". of' th~ ",,-'n , ·,ar. ~rl_ein~ ~ by th' ir."ld~nt , upon rccom­"':,,l'.ti; , •• of t_~ S •• · .tL o{.rr.-J'·~ , ,"ill be s,\ up in !>ore th,n 6 , 000 CQ"' __ "~"I .. \ • .h~n t".·, st .. ,t<>s no"_I!:' ~~." n',tionnl <lir.c tor of scleativ, S .rlio V,' .11 o!' t:, 10c:l.L ~OIlrJ" hw~ e~:;j,l 'it~d th is >ork , " :')',tiOL r "n"- ~)' lot \' ill ,~t ·.",in 'cr. O,dM of ~r1o rit:r of tho " ;r ~ Ir. or. 100 J "Of r:I '(.' 7:~" ~ .tionlll priority list ill" ",ni':·"! to~' l~<!,-L ,o~ .· -J. the ~O r r·;"i·On".ln~ ord,r or

~;l etL ",\11 b 'nLr or. ,. ·i.~rc'·.i"n c.r.!. in th,J,r cu~t"oy .

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939-

1941

- , -The Clria,i ty e,'t3bli~hc<!. b,.' the ::lrawing ·,-.ill detemine the

order in which "uestionnaiI'~'; ili11 be .. ailed to the re;;istrants . t:non receipt of the~e c,.ue3ti<>rn<.lires ~hc rcgistr~nts will ente r on these fo,""s ;JeI'timnt I""cb on th!! basi~ ~f \i~lich their final classification '."!ill be d3tcTr.ti:1ed .

The,.e will be or;..anizcd in ever,,' cortc,unit", in our nation cd'lisory toad.s f~!" re:;ist:,aflts , composed of jl;.:trioh: citizen~ ,

civilian volunteers, to assi~t :-e,;istrants in Jresentinz fairly the facts to be used in deter:;,inin(; t.!", "lace of each individual in the 5cher.te of n;;;tional defense .

After tr.e return of th<?sc questionrnir"s , th~ local bo;;.rd , after doo considC'''ation , will :>lace tile registrants in one of four class(!s . In Cla~s 1 \'Jill be thosc ·.Iho are available for ir..':lediate servic"; i n Clas~ II, tll')~" WIIO J'-C cicferr"d bec<lusc of the eS'ien­tial ch<lracter of LfJe service th;;y <_r" renderin;; in the i r pre~ent occupations ; in Class III thos~ indivi<i1,;D,ls:!ho should be deferred because of individuab dependent u:"Jon th"11 for suoport; in Clas3 IV those s;Jecifically a~Lrrcd by the terms of th~ hct .

The total nudJe r of indiviuuals nced8d by the arr:>.'ccl forc~s \'fill be pror::.tec =or~; th~ se"era1 st<>tes , In tilis allocation due con~ideration will be .:,iven to the nuriJer ,of me" alre,,-dy furnished \.>y that state for our milit<.Lry forces . -,iithin each sLate a quota , in a similar mnner , will be dividec (lClon,; the local boar ds . Thus , each locality will "" asked to furnish its fail' share of individuals for induction into our arned forces .

In each of these local board ereas individuals :'dl"een the ages of 18 and 3S ,;111 :,e offered an op'lortunity to volunteer for a onc-:l'nr "eriod of serviCE: and trl1inin" . Such a;>;)lic~nts 'rill be acceutcd before any other in~ividU«ls <:r", s", l ected , provided they;:.re suib"l.e lor military servic[>. It -"ill be the duty of the loc3.l board to select as ""\V.T,y ad<iitionCll indiviouals as arc nece~sary to fill the C.uot:l for that :->«rticub_r area .

Followint; the tentative selection of th"se individuals , a local medical cx::.min~l> "ill exa::tboO the::! ?hysica.lly. If they 3.re accepted, they , .- ill be s~nt for-,,~rd for timl physic;;>l exam.n"tion by medical officers of the f,rr..:;, ibvy 01' ~;:l riM Cor:)s . Those -,.-ho pass will ce inc:uctcd into the s·crvic .

In the mlit:lTY service tr",,:' -.. ,ill DC intdli",,,r.tly loOd , co:;J­fort2oly clotil~d, ','ell f"d , :lnd adel,.n,;,tcly arncd anc: equipp~d for rosie training: . By th;:: tin', t!1~Y t~t physically hard~ned, noOntally Gisciplincd 2.nd proocrly trained in fund""",ntal5 , the flo.: o~ critic::l munitions fro:'! L:ctor j W co~b.-.t uni ~~ ',;ill ",cet t~ full raquil'eoont5 for th,ir ad,-~.nccd trc.ining .

In the militar y service, ""''o-ric:.ns fron <.'.11 '.(<.'.ll<s of lif~, r ich ru"ld poor , countr-i-tJr<!d <:...,d ci:'" raised, i.'..rn~r , stuc~nt, :;",-nual laborer ru"ld "hit", colLr -. .'ork~r, "ill L:l.rn to livJ ~ide "0' 3i'::e , to depend upon ~::.ch othe,' i:l ,~ilibry drills ::...nr: mn"uv. rs, ,,-nO: to ::ppreci"ta el1c'l other's (ji~nity 115 A.OlcricM citiw:ls .

Universal s~rvic~ ·"ill brinG not only Lr~~.t~r :Jr .... pared."less to mc .... t the thr~at oC ':c.r, but " -.;i<i~r distribution of tolCr1nc~ "nd unuGrsta"dinij to enjoy th~ bl~5siJles of pJ'-c.e ,

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September 1(; , 1940

.\,~~ .. ic" Loo .. ,b~~~d s"l(,e',i'''~ s~ '- v i c~ ;'1 tl:r.<) of' 1'8&OC , .. .,d , In 'Qir," c" , ;'''-0 br",d~"e" ,~.j ""dohea our "-.sic cor.cept or eiU,.en ­S(ll, . .'~'i· .• " t'" cl .. ar J~-,,)"'lltic i:le"-lz of ~,;ual r\·h~a . .. qual ri.-il,,- 'S ,'.! ".,'J·,1 OI,Ottulll~l~s . h"'Je s e t for:!> t!>e underl··l."~ ~V.r ,~:;~S, >'li-lItl,,'ls a.J j"'~ or."ibili~ies of equal set'Jiee .

Ir: t;h"s ,-'..lvi<l!"" rOt 'fttion,,} '''f~''s~, " ... !'u;.\ :lot carved ft ~~ ... ~.d u.",!l"rl~,j tr.dl in '.M :,\stor;r of our cell1ocl-at\c insti -tutions . en -_'n cont.r-r:' . hA'''' ~.er"l:' rnsssLrtcd an ol~ a"~ "CC'F~'~ irin~~ b ul .Jee. )crr.tic -"v~rn."'.cnt . :hcr militia s:/stell , ", .dl - "r."d ~it!t'nr" ... it:, t>.~ ..,bli~!ltion of milit .. ry slrv\ec Ineu,,)(,nt u~or:; 'v~r·.· I'r~ o ","n , I: " i'os ,.oots in t:"" old com..,on

""' . It .", " b rou~ht to this contin"nt by our for"f .. ~h~rs . It ,,-,3 en ,,-cc,'rt':d i",Utution 1n o.oloni~l (lnys , At :h'J tI",~ of n.,' otiJ,.tior . . ,.], .. ~. LJur"'1 Co))sti~uior" n i n° of th" thir t "'n st .... ,·" .x_,lhitl:' prov,,: HI r~r llnl"arsel ""r·,ice in their buie l'l.'·s .

lo'_"·S . li·~l' ,,~" r ,u,,,,c i!1 t!" ,sy of O'luipr::'nt ana

tr ~ini;. ;or m~" in .,~ I , -,., ov~n,~, A.-~ric:u-. had his flint- -

I k ,. .... "I· '~. ~ ~ I" " oc_ ~n, <r.-' ,,0' .... us~ , . n _, ~l_':>r. , ,,' "S" .. t"y. $~ron,· ,

d ~cc.~to d ,;" ;-. rC:$hil" ... ~. ~.<_. r-"_:>rt~d for ",llitllr;,r d'Jty. arou-),~ -'i1.~ ;11., his nusl<,~..r his pO""j,r horn , His .lIIly

, .". 1 -"~ '._~ ... ~... I au, _ "n. to ,," n~ors or ,'o.r cr- . .

~o.l,, :! , -" . 'rt. of ,Br c~ll. 'or" ',','ide variet· of t~ehnielll ~"o"s . -,:;I.r" Ii! 'ocs r.~t "rh~sit t:" ~';1I1I~i's d .. 'n"nd~d

". ~ol 1.j·.... vroov'r . b .. '-\.1u ,,,'c' ',r·.l~<l fo r c~s , ~-: muot hO!.v<) a -nunitio( .. , injustr ~- 0" (I. l.,rl 'Or lin :cononi~ ~yst~'n cnp,bl o of ,,'o-/iJi'lc t~., · fi-~.·.l~~ ",n -·"'n hi" full r"!',ir;"""ts of .,.",3 n.nd ,!ui:,m __ "t . 1C''J i~-j\;ri,,"",l$ . 'h. r

b st ~"hol,:i"] loll cr "os~~ on 'n s_Lc:i'L s_)<"icc is .,) ifovi<"

" ~. . iJt'u\.> "S lit ,I , ,'",tion <

',or . .' , ;la, s-;rv, th_ir country :>ro~uctio" lin . n.J objec t m __ n lor our ~$ . oS5\.,>1'

_~rmy o.r.J :;',vy (lnd ~h' r.or .. el lif of

l-,c!:.iv s .,·vie ~or. lot~ of 1'0,"" ~'.,:l. -,lhi:h 3\n«ly t.nd in t'l. -ro'~I-' . .n". ",. r, ~.-, 'lOf d tv 0" r'lt~ ,i tl- the f .. irnJ5S o.r.d j"s~i a ~Il' r~e~ ris11~ of fr " d .. -ocr'ltle institutions , "'!:ocs, S'Ts ,r : r"-;,,tr._tio'1 , ~I~s~iticlltion , "91 etton , .. nil in<luction .

,d~osJ,,:.· , Cctob?r si~tecnth h ... s b"~n s"t II.ide , on wh i ch d~y ,v .. r" ::".1'_ 1 , b't\\'~r.n ~l flnd 35 , inclusive , wil l b~ ,~"poetod to report t" <, :1,'i~'·."o r )-_oo.1 pr )cinct to fill out .. r< 'ic,t r ation ce r d nnd "­r."iot rc tion ~""~if;e~t,' , ':'hc· ",',rtificat i~su"d to th., individ"al ill b c~rri (1 b:' hj.m. "_3 ~ t',!~I!::oni~1 to his r,ccupt.\t\ea of th~

'uni"_"on~-,l o-"E,._tlon ,,!' ~ltl ten~:,iF ' Th,' r'_rlstntion cerd. will 1) "or-.",·,rd"d t<:: t/.' county cl'rk or simil,'r orllohl ""d ,,111 ac _li~ La >, .. him '.0 ~.h· 10" .. 1 scl,ctiv." 5 ~"ic~ bo3.rd . Th,se OO .. r"s ,

cor.:i.Hr." oi !:.hr "",n , r.oh "p ... oin~'" hy th< "rc.ld~nt, upon «.co",· .., 'J ~iJC_Z 0" t~ 3~' t o~ r"c,'s , '~.Il ~9 s~t up in ,-'Ore th~n 6 , 000 CJ"",,-,r.l,i.,- . ~,n '>:' st tcs no~_il:' ~>'. r.·.tionlll 11r.etor of s"l~otive

r:!~_ t'l,: _110! , lo~"l ~o"",Js h~'·,' c~,,[.l~t~d this .ork , e. n".tior ___ 1 .. r",ri,'.- ':>;,- lo~ ' __ ill c'.t r,..,in ~., order of ~r:or it:l of tha j' '1 cr,,,';~ in ,n 10:.1 "ol,d '.r· .. • r:"J ~·.tio,,~l prlorit), list ill ", 'utni. ,.,1 to 1 l~c:u bo' ." ,· .]; tho corr.'Sj-onCl\n" ord'r of

_"I c t i;>" '-"ill b 'nt.r o~ t r 'i;:,otion c',rd$ in th,ir eust:>dy .

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939-

1941

, The ')riorit,: ~sta."lishecj b~' L".e dral"l i ,-,g ,-,ill de t~nnine the

arde,- in ".mich c.uestionnaireo ;'Iil:!. be roailed to the rCi:istrants. U,-,or. receint of the~e "ue"t.i"nnair()~ the re gistrants \fill enter on t hese foms ;>ertincnt ["ct~ on th~ basis ~f "hier. their final cl;ossification wi ll be detcrhlined .

TI' . .,re · .... ill be or;.ani7.cd in cver~' cO:'l;.cu'lit -; in 011r nation "dvisory boarc:s for reJi~trants, composed of ~.'ltriotic citizens , Civilian volu"teer.'i, to assist ::-egistrants in )resenting fairly the facts to be used in d" t ormining: t~ ['lace ~f ,;'l. ch i"divi<;ual in U-,e sehe::"" of n"tional deicn"c .

After the return of '~h~~c 'i,-,c~tio""nir,"s , the local board, after ctw con~id"rGtion J , .. in ~bce the rq;istrant3 i.n one of four clasS8S . In Class I will b,~ those "ho are aV;l.ilable for i .. :,_",sdiate service; in Cl;l.sS II, Vj ,,)S.,, "ho J.TC c~ferr"d becau~c of tr.e eS3cn­tial ch<U"actcr or the ser"lice th~y ar" rend(lrin::; in their present oGGUpatiO:l3; in Class III thoco" indiviC:uab who should b~ dderred because of individuah dependent unO:l them for suoport; in Class IV those s"ecifically (!d~rr0d by tho terns of th" >.ct .

The total number of inG.lviuuals n"eded by the ar,~cd foreJ~ will he pror1tec amon;:: th~ sever::l 5t"t,,~ . In thi~ allocation' due consideration will be ;.iven to the m.L':1beT Jf ];\e" already furnished "uy that 5tate for our milit<.Lry fOTces . ·.HtMin each state a quota , in a similar mnn(!r, will be divided "non .. the local hoa.rc!3 . Thus , each localit;{ "ill be asked to furnioh its fair share of individuals .for induetio:l into our arned for ces .

In e[;ch of the~e local ':>card ar"as indivi~.UJ.ls Jetl'/een the ages of IE! and 35 "ill 'oe offered an o;nortunity to volunt eer for a one-ye"r ?eriod of s('rvice a:ld tr::"·i.nin,; . Such applicants >rill be acceoted before any other i:l<:ivid",J..~ C::Te selected , provided they ar~ 5uit.;.jle tOT ,.1ilit~.r:r service . It "'ill ue the dutj' of the loc~l board to select as =y ac!c:itiorw.l indivi:lUals as are nec"ss~y to fill the c;uot."l for tll<lt :J&rticul"r Urea .

Follol/int the tentative !lolcction of these. indiviriuals , " local nedical cX;:'l'lin.c)· ,lill ex"."inc the:") physically. If they are accepted, they ,;ill bc s~nt l"o,· ... ;:,d .for fin"l physical examnation by medical officers af thf /crr.1Y, h':;.vy ai' lh.rine Car.n. Those '{,ho pass \lill be inducted inLo thE s0rvic .

In ti"£ nilit,: ry service UK;' ,.-ill be lntellic,~:1tl)" l~d , com­fortably cloth~d , ',:ell fed, :md act~"u '.tcly "rC".cd and equipp0d for b3.sic tr~ining . By the ti.rr thG:r gc~ physically hard;,ncd, t:".~ntOllly G.isciplin~d ;:.nd "rO')Qrly trcined i:1 .fund.'l.r..:nte.ls , the flo,,, of criticc.l munitions fran L .etol" J to cOl"ibnt units \."ill oeet ttyo full rcc:,.u1rer.'lCnts for their 'ldv~,nc~ri tr .. ining .

In the oilitar:: service, ,'"\.oric::ns fr"" ,,11 '.,,,lks of lif" , rich and poor , caUl1tr .. -br~d <:"''1d ci~-,' rJ.isrd, 'J.rC".~r, 5tUC':;:lt, ];l2.nu3l laborer and .,h it" colLI' ·,;orl: .r , \;ill !.earn to liv~ side by siC"" to depend U;)O:l ~:.ch othd' i:1 ,nilit~ry drills "n~, r:unlOuv:rs, ;:.nC: to nppr"ci .. tc CJ.cli oth"r's di2nit y :l~ 1L~~ric:m citiwns .

Univ~r~al s~rvic :Iill brin" no~ only "roc.tgr "r"p"r"dn~ss to n.;,lt the thr "::l:! t 01 '.;).l' , but · ... ia"r distri·~uticn of talcr.1nc~ o.nd umi"rstandinr; to enjoy the: bl~5~inss or ;)c:;.c~ "

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939-

1941

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Se"tember IG , 1940

.\c,e .. ic~ ,~~ "·::>~~,,u s .. lc-c';i':c ~"'n'ice in U"''' o~ pe .. e~. a..,d, b '~oL,' ~". ,,~ broadencrl ,,,J "'.,'::hea o'Jr ,>uio conc~pt 0;' cititen ­sr.i,; . :'·~.1~~ '."~ ~lear ~ecL~:r .. tic i:lcd" of e,j\l"l ri'h~s , equal j.ri-:iiq-eG ",.j ,,~u',l c~~ortu.lli :.1~". ',.e h',"" ",cr. fo~th t'le underlyin', r.t~",,· ,I-; ,l~s . ,~\i-"tion. er.J ,·,,".'or'~'hilities 01' equal se"'·licc .

In t.:us j.r""iJb~ for ··, ... Uo,,~l '~f~"'s", ',,'~ h/;.1;" not carved " ,,~'" ,ud un,:h .. rt~d trill 1 in ~,h. :listory of o"r deroocraUe insti ­b:ticns. On ",r.* contr",.~, . "J" i'~'I" .ar·!:' ra .. sscr~ed.n Dl,~ am:. "~"0l't .: .-r1n"I,I, ,,1 ::''''' .. ""rc.tic ~::>v~rn.-.~"t. . 7h~ militia s:J$ten, ", s,,'I . o.r<,d ci;;iz"nr" ",it), tr, "bli- ... tion 0'" :n\litllry s~rviee i"~,,,~,,':nt "pm .,,"r' frc, ,..~~, ,,,,s its roots in the old co=on 1.'" . \" ~s brou-'i,~ to HI;' contin"nt by our for,fBthnrs . It W',5 e.n OC~"ft"a \l.,titution ilL ~01~,,1"1 1.'Y" At th·, time of th·" ,;do; t10n ',I' ',"-, r.,derd CO)!stitu;on , n;n' of th~ thirt~·m st,,!-, 'S .X li~i~l:' f'"ovi(~,)d for un1,'.,r.al ~"rvice in th~ir b"si~ 13 .. , s .

I~, th" ';-"'s , li~~1 ~,,~ " ,,,i,"! i" th ' .. t\Y or O:Hluipr._nt .. ,,<1

':;r~i"ir. ;0, t, =:1 in a,..S , ':":~, nV"n."':' A,.,.,--.ricu, hBd his flint -10<l:{ "n'l ·,r. ho', to us' ;~ . In .<~,,;t'o~. , h· '"as h Blthy , stl"on~, ~.r.d ~_cc';,.,to ,0.\ to h-,r<l5hl~ , 'l'" h' , · ~.,ort~d for ",Uituy duty , h~ brou'~.t. ,,\.I.r- 1I;"l hi' '"U"' ' .... ~.: his pO':'d" horr_ . iUs <l .. Uy til' inur ,1 hi,. to t]" rJrors or "'",.1""' . .

'O,h·I , c" .. ,.t of \'.8r e~lls "lr .. ·:."ide variet of t~chnieal -,'H,r.S , ?1 r" iii joe. nJt ,.q)"\~h: ~:~ .. ;.;:~al;':.i~s d~o:anded

o. sol ,- .,rco'!' __ ~, b';~.i.1~ ~r -::d forc'~., ... ~ must hav~ B

-nuni-.)on inJustr:' as 11 ~,~t 'Jf I1n _eo"""i;;: ~y.t .. c"r~blo of i"'0'f,~;"4" f~-'.·iTl" T_"" -..j,1;. hi~ filII r~· ,ir.1Il ,~. of "'"",S:"lOO ,,!IIi:'lI'. "t, ""Y 1"·j;;r'. .. ,,..1$, .h r"or.;, __ ta" scrv ~h-l, ,:oun.try ~ st b" holdn ~'Lir PCS':;3 011 .r. I,ro""etio" 11n :'h" object 0, .:Leti·!, a l,.,ic~ is t:> rrovl,]" c'L'-' .0" o'~r Army anti 1:,,'1)" and f.'; -,h. S.L U", Jist'~rb ", li+,:l (\.5 i'oS"i"l'. tl' nornel lif." of

'.h . r,otio" .

I ~~lv, ."·~;c,, ~o,,'ists of fOUl' s·'·'.'~' -.ml~h sindy (.nd in th. -l"O'~I" .. 'I. b',:-r. d-""l~. d to o~·,!tt~ itl' tho f.ir,,~ss!l1ld j'~s~i' eh'r"e', rislic of Cr", d. "lOCr"tie institutions . """s<: s~."s r~'I"tr',>;io" , .-,J~sdfic"tion , s~l etion, 'l-r"'- induction,

.• (!.r.:sc'.a:' , ()ctob~r si~te'nth hns bc·,n s~t ".de , on wh i ch dBY "v_r ': ",,,_1) b,b\-.'~n , 1 "nd 35 . incl\lsivo , will D3 "l(p~cted to report t~ " n. i~',b"rhoo-l rr :cin~t to fill out r. rt'4i,.,tl"~tion c~ r d ""d a r .~;str'tl.on ~,.r~;fic"t~ . :-h~ <lu~tific"t \"~uc'd to th~ individuo.l "ill b O:'r,\ <l D,' elim "_a 'I t':stimo"i~l to his eC<lOptAnco of th3 r·u"c;"~.,..~n"."l o~li,~tion of citi l "nship . Th,' r., ... htr.tl,o" c~rd will ~. !·or',"-'.rd d tc th county ct·rlr. or si.milor ofliei~l ""d ,,111 lie _,Ii'" r:d ',: hil'l ',<) t'"L' loc,,} s l'ctiv, s r~ic, bo:l..d . ':"h~s" bo'll"uS , co~oi..ti"'- or t:tr ""''' , ",,, ftppoint--j by th( ,·(~.id(!nt, u?on rcco"'­.". r~ .. tb'." 0' t;, $t,_~c 'of- r"o:'8, ,.~_ll b·, s"t up lr. ,.,ore thor. 6 , 000 c,-,",,",,ni-i' h_n -:~." st"t~s "otil," 'o~., r.·,tional "ir.etor of .deotivo s,r.-ie. t:l.\ .1101 t::. 10c~1 b~,'lTJs h,vo} C~llI,I~t.cd thi.s ·,"O r k , a ""ti.om.l _, ... ..1.\l4 ~~. lot ,,' ill ~<)t,·r,.,i\l tI-." ordor of ~riority cf tho .. 'i"':r'~'.J i:l ".~ lQ: .. l ~O'd'<I '.r.' .. ::'1'. r. .. ·.tion"l priQritr list ,ill '::>: ,unis\. ,1 to ~." l~c':\l ,,,~,' - 'J' trlJ corr;l;-ond\n~ ord.'r of 3,.1 cti.). -ill b 'nt.r or, t r ·i3tr~·_ion e ,r<.ll in th :ir custody .

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,he ~ri"ritt c5ta!llishec b~' t.he dra\1inc "ill dete=ire the order in ,mich c;ue5!.io'lnair<t~ ,,1.11 be "",iwd to the rc&ist.rants. U!>on receipt or the:;e "uestior.nilire:; the registrants will ente r on t hese fOMS ;lertin::>nt facts on the basis of IIhich t heir final classification l'Iill be d~tcr",ined .

There will be or;,anized in ever;' co~n.;nit., 1n our nation advisory boarc:s for rc.,;istrants, composed of patriotic citizens , civilian volunteers , to aSSist rczistrants in 'resentir.G fai rly the facts to be used in d~tcrl:'lin:lnb the :,lace of :a(:h individual in t.he scher.c of nat.ional ue;cnsc .

After the re turn of ·.h~"c ,!ue~tionn.11r~ s , tm local board, after dw con~id'rat.ion, .. "ill ~;lace the ro,::istrants 'In oroC of four classes . In Class J will '.>c thos" vb are available for ir."lediat.e 5er vie~; in Class II, t.'105~ wbo o.rc ""ferr~d becau~c of the eS 5en­hal character of the ~erllic" th~y ~.r" !"':ndcrin;:; in thGir present occupations; in Class III tho"" in<1ivio.l:D.ls ,,110 should be duferrcd becau3e of inCividuals d~~end~nt. u~on t.h~~ for suoport; in Class IV those s::>ecUically "d,rred by t.he tcm~ of th~ f,c t .

The total nUl:l!Jer of indivi'JU<1ls r,o..::dcd by the arC:o;lG forc~s "ill be proro:teC: a-::o'\; the several st.i.tcs . In this allocat.ion due consideration ,,111 be ,:.tven t.o t.he nu.c-ber "f men already furnished by that stat.e for our military forces . ·,11tr.in each state a quota , in a si1:lila!" nanner , · ... ill be divl.clec al1On~ tl'.e local boarcs. Thus, each locality .. ill be asked to furnish its fair share of 1ndh'i:lu.a.h for induct.ion 1nto our arned forces .

In e;:.ch of these loccl x,ard areas J.nJiv i<'1:a.ls ~etlleen the a;:es o~ It! and 55 ,;ill ":le o~fered an op>ortunity to volunteer for a one-~'I:!'r .""riod of service and t.r:1inin.: . Such aoolicants 11ill be accl'IJted before any other ifl~i'l"ldual~ !!re selected, provided they are suitc.~lc for Llilitc:ry service . It Viill lJe the duty of U.e local board to select .. s """'y adnitiorol indivi~ur.ls as are necessary to fill the c;.uot:! :0:- that :><.rticul;l.r a r ea .

Follo.rint; the tentativc sebction of th~se indh'icua15, a loccl nedieal C)l;;::'r.lin.;r ,1:1.11 e r .::tin..:: tt,en. ;>h '510o.1ly . If t.hey are accc,ltcd, tlry I;ill be s.,nt. :o,.. .. ·~rd for f"ln:11 ;>hysical e)l;smination by r:-.edieal oificcrs or th" t.rroy, lbv:, or l.:>rine Cor:)~ . Those v,ho pas s \lill be inducted into thE 5Jrvic . .

In the r.rilit.~r)' service t.':.,:,.:i11 0: illt.<>1l1 .. cntly l"d, coro­fort.ably cloth_d, · ... ell f(,d , :md ad~"u<..tcly ;::;rnod ~nr! equi'l'~d for basic training . By th~ ti= tiwy g~t pllys~cally hard~ncct, ncnt~lly disciplined and ;>ro:xrly t.rc:i.rlGd in fun::U\I'\..l"to.ls , the flo,/ of critic~ muniUons fro:"ll::.ctorJ to co~.b::.t. units 'ill =d th!, full requirelX!nt.s for t.h,ir ad\"~.nccd tra1nirl{; .

In the military scrllice, "c-_ric=s f:ro~. ,,11 Ilelks of lif,; , rich end poor, count.r·,.-';)r:!c o:.nd cit·, r::.isoc , illITJOr, 5tud~n t., ':".e.nu3.l laborer Utd "~l.t." coll~r "orl:~r, ,;ill L~rn to ltv.' side by sice , to depond u;:>on .:.eh nth .. r innilibry drills :1,j(, m"lCuvr~ , ;;n~ t.o c?pr"ci~t Q eacb oth"r's di .. nity cs A,ncric3J1 citi~~n5 .

UnivlOr:;al ~'.rvic_ · .. till bring n,,~ or.ly br,,·,t.,r ?r",,:l.r-.d.'lCSS t.o !:Ii:,; t t.h~ thr""t of ''':'.l" , but ',,'ici ('r dist.ri~ut.ion of tolcrlnc~ ;:.nd umkrstandinG to enjoy th;) bl~sdni:s of Tl"~C" ,

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j.(, . ( TIE PJ(;;;SS September I G, 1 940

n.:;SLtIAiE rt"LEASE

.\ne,icfI !,~" II.dopted s .. l~cti·m ''lrvice in U".", of l'e .. ce , II.t.d , in 'loil,~ ~o , h~. bro .. dene<\ ,n·j ond~hed ou~ ':Jasie concep~ of cititen­shi; . . 3~sicl." t),~ cle .. r d~..,,;,~rntic idod" of e'ju .. 1 ri'h~s , e'lua.l ~rivil ~ces ... n,' ?'JU'll. oF2ortw'i~i~s , ,,~ h~'/e set forth the underl"in~

• ,- ./p Gl"~r d"tl~S. "bllrnh"ns II.nJ l'"s:'onsihilj~ics of "'luILI service .

In thUS Ir"viJin~ for M.ilon:l.l J .. fe"se, we !\ave not carved II n~-~ l1"d IIn~hl\rted trail in •. 1-." hi.torv of our d8:llocn.tic insti ­t,,'_ions . On :h~ eontr"r,' . "n ha'l" .. er·'l~' r~a"strtod ." old ant: "cc~pt,.d ~;\n,:; " of de:c.ocr .. tlc ~ov~rn .. .,ont , ihe t:lllitill s:!stel:l. , '''.- sclf - o.r",~d c,ti~",,,,· ',Iih tr.~ "bliq.tion of lnlllt~ry s~rvice incul'l'<>"nt u).'on 'v~r:' I're~ "",n , ht:s it. roots in the old CO::ll'lO" 1"" , It '''''5 brou~!'t to this continont by our forofa.tners . It ", .. 5 en "'C"'"ft'.'d l".titutian in colan,"l cloys . At th" time of :>-"C ~doj !,ion '-,1' ~"'c· I'cdcrn\ Con" tituioi'"! , nin., 01' th" thirtc·m st~t'3 ·,>t,-'Ii~i.tl" provi.d~<l for "ni~oroal scr"ice in their basic I,w," .

I; th,,~ ':o"s , li':.':.le "n~ r' ~uir,d in tho ',ay of e'l"ip"'.mt and :r~ini,-,- 'or U,~ "'.II" in B~"S . "'h. o.v~ra~" A-Brice..'l ha.d his f'lint _ 1oc', "l1'l '~r,'" ho\\ to usa it , In c,~<l;t'.on , h-- " ... s n.oalthy , s~ron~ , !Ill1 ,'ccusto;' 'd ',0 "'ccr<ishi" . .",-,n h'o rJ[.-ort"d for .,,1 11t~r:l duty , h~ brou -ht •. IV hi'" his ",,,s\<,.1; an.! his pOHO'" horn . His oaily I ii" inur d hi,.; to th" r ir.ars 01' "Ilrfar" ,

'rOJ":I , ',. '\rt of ',',ar c'llls l~ r " wide variet, of technica.l w--"w"s . .,1 rn Jif lacs not '",roos;", tho \j~nliti~s d~",anded 0: sol,' '. ,;,rco"~ , ~.~~.Ind ",....,,,d forces. ,...; ,"uzt t,llVC a ",unitior.~ InJlIstr,' as .. F"rt. " Itn .co";),,,.i~ ~yst~:n. c .. ~ablo of ,wo'fiJi.,:- t fi~t~iw; nln -.nt.l hi. f"ll r~';·"r,~"nts of 1l,..."S nnd

__ '!,uip""nt . t~r.y Indi,i,.""ls , ch,:r,.-or.- , "",. s~rv,J thdr country b .. st b" hol(!in th,l r post. all I:n- pro:i.uction \inC). :'h" object a , s.-l,'cti~. s.j·vic~ is .0 provldo ",en ;'0" o'~r Arm:! and k.vy ",nd ~t ~h, sC. U", disturlJ ".$ Hitl· "5 ro""ib1<, til: normd lif,' of

S_l~etlv, s:rvi"" ~ondsts of four s·".,.~. ·.ml~h sl.n".ly (.nd In t..", e -roul_, ,It·,_ b_,,'n d""'l0l"d to op,r~t" •. ith the f,irness !Uld j"s~ic .. eh" r,.c·. ris~:c of fr' , d~-.ocr'ltic institutions . "':.05.-. stJ~" ,\(: r~-l"tr"-tion, o1 .. sslf:cllt\on , s,1 ctlon . ... n" inti"ction .

'.dn,sda:.', Cc~obor si>ttecr.th hilS b"Qr. sat a5idc , on which d"y ~"~ry .. ",1<1 b.'tw~Qn :<1 ",nd 35 , lnolusi vo , will b~ ,Jxpectcd to r oport t~ ~ nJi~~,borho01 pr-,cinct t o fill out " r,,~ i st r$tioll c ... rd (tnd ~ r ,·'i.trrtion c~rtifica.t~ . 7hc c(>rtificntL i3SU"d to thc individual viiI b' c,rrl d by hi:. "s 'I to~tir::oni~l 100 his .... ceophnce of the f lln'h . ..,on~".l o;'l'''I\1:.1on or' oiti t ansh\p . The r:'r\$tr"t\on eerd will b,. !'or· ...... rd~d to thd county 01' r k or similar of! i ai'll and ,,"ill bo o,li" r·,d >;,,, him to t'n loe ... 1 s"'l1ctiv-, s rvico bO:lrd . ;:h~s" boarda, cor.sistin- ~f thr"" ,"-cn , ·",ah II.PI.olnt -J by the l'f,.1d"nt, "pon roeOI:> ­::", ",L1;i~~.s 0; t!,,-. st"te rO'·.f:lO'·S , "'ill ':Je $ot up in I.,ore th~n 6,000 C("",~ur,-I :,l."r. , h~n t"" "t"tO$ not!J:r the ~."tional dlr,.eto r of scleotl.vo ""," :ic.: lh,;,t .11 or t:.,·, l oc:!.} ';>ot\rds h~v~ c""'l·l~t~d th i. s ·.'Ork, .. n.,tior."l .'n,l\.n,- ';>y lot ".ill d~t,'rroin': th'; ordor or ~ riorit:! of tho " :,i,':r 'n';~ in oh 100,.1 :'Ofd'd ··:r~r.. ih<. r_"_tional priorit)' list '::ill ';>~ lu,nish_d to ~"'. l<l~'ll \)o~ .. .;, 'n tho ~orr~spondin~ o r der of ~~l ctio~ '-'\}l b; 'nt.r or .• ,,_ ,. 'istr"tion c'rds in th~ir custody ,

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939-

1941

- , -The '] r iori t y e~t:J.~li5h"d by the drawing ·, .. ill de termine the

order in ·::I'.\.ch questionnaire~ will be .. .ailed to the rebistranb. Unon recClipt of these c,.uestio~l'\aires the registrants \1ill enter on .the~" fo=s "c,-tin"nt facb on the basis ~f \lhieh their fiMl classification '.'lill be determbed .

There will be or~anized in cvcr~' co",-, .unit·,' in Our' nation advisory boare.s far rc.;btrants, composed of ?atriotic Citizens, civilian volunwers , to assi~t re;j.stranb in ~rcsentin2 fairly He facts to \)c used in determininG tIe place of each individWl. l in the ~COOr:le of 'latio"al <ier"n~c .

After the return of th~sc 'luesti()n"air~s, the local board , after dte co~sidcr1ltion, will ::olacc the re::;istrant~ in one of four classes . I n Cla~s r will .,,, those ,,)w aN, aV;l.ilable for ir."'ediate service; in Class 11, tilO';,' "':\0 ~:,,, ""ferr~d becau~e of the eSGen­tial char"ctcr of the ~()rvicc th"y "r" rcnderin;: ir. their present occupations; in CIaO's lIT th0~" i""ivi(~~D.ls "Iilo should be deferred because of individuals d"pc~.d('l\t u;)on th"", for s\!')port; in Class IV those 5::>ecifically {jd~rr"c: by t.h~ terr:\~ of th~ ,,"ct .

The total nu::-.b<or of .i"diviCluals n<!c-c!ud by the ari:'~d forc;:os will be pror~tec! a::lOf\: til,'! several sLtos , In tilis allocation due consid eration o'Iill be ;:.lvcn to the nu-~er "f men alruld:i furnished by that state for our "ilitary forces . ';;ithin each state a quota , in a sinilar ~nner , will be divided. anon" the local boards . Thus , each local ity will biO asked to furnish its faiT share of individuals for i:1duction into o~r arr.'.ed forces .

In e.:ch of these loccJ. ':JoD.rd ~eas indiviC:t:als ~eh'een the ares of Ie and 35 -,;i11 ~e offered an o::nortunity to volunteer for a one-ye.:>.r ;:>eriod of service and training , Such 3::>plicants >ri.ll be <lcceoted before any other incivid\\als ;::re selected, provided they are suitable for r.dlitary service , It will be the duty of the local board to select a.s =y ad<'.itional individu<lls as are nece~sary to fill the G.uot.., for tll1lt ::>c.rticul.~r ;::'rea .

Fo11mlins the tentative sebction of these lndivicUJ.ls, a local ... edical eX:::'r.lin~T ',lill exa,"i~k' them ph;'sicaJ.ly . If they are accepted, they ,,-ill b~ s('nt fon , ~rd for fin"l p:~)'sic[ll exa::rlnation by l'Iedical o;ficcrs 0; th" ;,rr.ty, k:lV,V or ':c.rine COMS . Those 'liho pass \'Iill be inductod into thE ~Jrvlc .

In ttvo ",ilitc.ry scrvicp. th,,:' -.... ill be intdlic>"n':.ly l~d , COr.l­fort.~bly cloth~d, · ... ell fLcd , ;mel ad~.;,.U'.tcly urxd !;'nc! equippod for b<lsic tr"ining . 3y th~ t im th~:r l\c':, physically r,J.!"d~n~d, E~nt"l1y disciplined and ;:>ro)"rly tr,,-i,,(d in ;u"d.."tl:\<lntds , the flo" of critic~l munitions fro:1 L:.clor/ to c~~-""t units \.-ill "'let t~ full requirem nts fo:' tt :i. r ad""neui tr;.ining .

In the r.tilitary service, .,l':" ... ricr:ns f,.on :::.11 \I;::.lks of lif" , rich .".nd poor, countrf-tlr~d "'"ld cit·, rc.iscd, icn,,,,. , stuJ2nt, ~l2.nua.l l"borer "-,,d ;':'lit(' colLr · ... orl:.r , ',;ill L3rn to liv~ side by siC:e , to depend u;:>on ,,:.ch oth·cr i:1 Clilit;;. ry C!:'il:'~ :m~. r:'l,;lf'eUV TS, ;;:.nC: t o llpproekto eae!] oth"r's di"nity <.15 ",","ric)."\ citizens .

Univ"r,al s~rvic~ -,'Iill bri.ng nat only i>r~~.t"r »r,-,paredne5s to DC"t tr.c thr"" t of ',c.r , but- ;l ':ici~r distribution of toler'mc,'! Ul'\d unch:rst<:.ndinJ to enjoy th;: bl"ssin£:s of pe2.ei! ,

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939-

1941

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September l G, I S40

, .\J,~,ic'\ "'" e'b~,,;.,d s"lc'c~i'''~ s~rvl"e ir. li::lO of pellc~ . .... ,d . , in .0'. - SU, h:>." br,,&d"r.~" ,.,J '·'.:i;h~d o"r " .. sic concept o. Citizen ­sh, . J':il~ :',~ olear J"-.",reUc i:jc"lo of "'lud ri·h~s . equa.l ,.,,·,1"--"5 '.",j .,~'~'\l cl:"ort'ml~l~s , .,.., h,,·/~ .et forth the u"derl,; in~

y>l1-fltiorls Itr • .l " , -or.s'bilitle. of IIquo.l aer'/ioe . . ,,' "

In thus rr"ytdi!'l" for ~"tio"31 '"fen.c, '"" h~\'e :\O~ carved A" '" ,,,,d "",¢h'u"t,d tr~11 in th, :ljs~or:r of our dsnocratlc tnsti _ t-...·.lor~ . On th~ oontr:,r:', .,- r,,.ve ",H',l,' r""ss~r~od .. ~. oLl snc. ',"C~pt,,! ,-rine; h .01 <lor,~~rr.tlc -"v~rruncnt . 7hc ",Uitla ":1st .. " • • " s"11 . ,,rn}d dtlur.r\· ",th th., ubli·B.tion of military ~~rvioe i:1cu".x:nt u~"n " ..... fr n ' ,..,.:l. h;s its ~oots in t~.· old co",,",on 1·'~ . It "'$ brou-ht to ~.his eontin;;tl-. by o~r i"orar .. th~rs . It ",.S l" '·"Cl~~·.a i,.,;titution ir. oolo"io.l ,;"ys . A~ th" tim~ of ~'" .<i:>,ti,m .;:. 'j, l"~dcr'.1 Cor.s~i~ul.o:,: , nin° of thl. thirt.··,n st'>!. S .J[ H":~I: ~rovi;"d fer =i','"rslll '''''"Fioo in their basio I " ... ~ ,

In thu ';"". li".I" "'nS r",,,ir d in the ·,;fl.Y of e:pipo:'nt BCld trlini ... 01' H" iI".!l" i" ,," .. ,5 , Th(. "v~rt..~~ iI:"cricll.l\ had his flint ­lo~': "wi ',r;.\ hOl to uS~ it. In •. ~"it\on , h· ' .• "S h .. lthy, stron.t , rr.;!. "oc'.;s<:,,·'d t.> ".r<!shi;- . 'l'" h' l"'~"rt,d tor ",Uitsr! d,~ty , lL brou ·ht. · .. itr hi., his r>us~_", .Ltd hi, pO'fdlr horn , His " .. Uy lil' in,,!".1 hi,. to tl' rir:oro 01' ','urfllr' ,

,~J":/ , c~,' rt of .. ar e~lls l"r .. dde -radct of t~chnie .. l ·"""r.s . "d.rn lit loes n,t ',OriU1Si. th 'l" .. liti;. dvrlanded 'L ~o.l ," . .Jr"o."'.", b;~.i:l~ ~r'~d fo.rc~s. ~'c "' '-1 st ho,ve. "'W"li~io::& InJ<1str:' a. !iirt ~f a n <::o.n,,,,i~ "yst~'" c'Ip.blc of i"'o',Uin. t' fi-l.';in,: ','.n ·''';'.ll hi~ full r"!'Jir,m,,,ts o.f 8'.."S nnd _'!.ul:,",,:"!t . ''''I l,-d~;ri..\J'l.ls, ·.h "'10.1';. :l"~ SOl''' th_l.r ~o.untry b at ~,. hold" ~h '-r ?os';~ o.n '.,,- ~ro.~·.,cU"n lin _ Th~ o.bject ,,: s l,cti". s_'"vlce Is ,~ rro"rirlc m:n lor o"r Army f.n.d l,".vy an.d ~ h. s .. ti::- i~briJ '>s lit:l ~s :035i,>I'. ,11 nor",d lifo of

.~~ion.

S.l·otiv;· s l'vi.~J ~ond"ts of four st.. J, '.!hi,h ~ln~ l y f.nd in th ~ro'~~ . .. Il·'. b·;" oj ·/"to;:ed t..> 0i'·r!Lt~ lt~ the fairnsss o.nd j'"s'I"" oh'r~o~ rlsljc of [r ,d .. ;-.ocr~t.ic instit\1tions , "'h~.(. s';.,~,~ ",', r~-1 ,tr,.t,io" , d_~~"ific"tion , 511 etlon , "ln~ in<luctl on •

. dT;;s'~"':'- . vctobct si"te{;nth hBS b.'n , .. t 1I.,1cle. on 'I"hieh d .. y ." .. r" ;r.".I, b.lt-,I'en ~l .... nd 35 , inclusiv~ , -..1 11 bo .)xpcctcd to r"po r t t~, n·i''':.I<cr!:ooi p,,'ctn.ct t~ fill Ollt .. r- 'i"tr~tion cerd Mol It r <sIr'. tion ~,_.··.tfic~t.' . 7hc c .. rtific(l' i35\1c'd to th" indivldual "ill h c,tr; db:' ili1'l ~~ ~ t~sti!!'.0!"11~1 to his rccoFtM'~~ of th ["",1-.• ,0,,'-1 ohli"'~lon c'!' dti u nani." T',,· r .. ~htntion c,,-rd lrill " 'or'y,rd'c ~ ttu cOW"lty c1' rit or s1,.,i1.-r ,,[dei'll !L1Id will be _ H" red '>:: 1,11"1 ~o th loe"l $~l."etlv s rvic .. b01rd , 1h;se boa r dS . eon-I" t ir." of' th~ C'dl , ·neh np!-,oint 'J by thL i·t_"id~nt . "pon rccom· "". t.i",,~ 0: .~ 3~:.~~ ·o~ rn~'"s , "'.11 !lJ s~t \1p in ",-ora th'.n 6 , 000 <::~",. '~r.i .. i, h_n ~!: .. st ,t~s no~ll:' :;,c n' tl.on .. l dir.ctcr of .cie~tlvo Lr'!lcc t~.~ .il oj' t.', l oc"l OJo:\rJ~ h~v.' eOl'li.l~t~d thh ><>r k , It ""'tior._l r",::i," hy lot "ill ,t r-in '_It ord"r of ~riority of tho> ,. ~r 'r.'; i" ,~. 100.1 ")O( '·d 'r ... . :' .. c.·.~ionl\l priority Iht ',"ill OJ., lmniS'l·. ,1 to t'\. lo~~l 1;0"." n I'\J ~orr.,.i-0ndi.n~ ord." r of ~"l e t io. '''ill b "nt .. r on t ,. i ~r,tion c ro, in th.ir c\1sbo.y ,

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939-

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- , -1'h .. ~riorit." esta~lish .. c! by the dral':irl{; will deter.:!ine the

order in .mich. ~\)estionnaire~ .'~ll be r.'ailad to the rej;isi.rant,s . Uno!': receil't of these "oo:;tiornaires ':.he registrants "ill ente r on these [oms :.ertir.cnt facts on t.'1c basis ~r l·hic~. t hei r tiM1 classification wi ll be detol'r:linod .

There will be or~D.ni~cd in (lver/ con;.,un:!t', in our nation advisory boarc:s for re.;istrants, composed of ?"triottc citizens , civilian voluntee rs, to a~3i.'lt re;:,ist,rants in ,resentin;; fairly the facts to be used in dctcl'nininG the )laCI! of ,ach individual in t~.c schene of na1.10nal deL'en:;c .

After the return of ',hlse 'I\Ie::;t~'.m,,'\!.r,!5 , the local board , after elm con~':'d,'r;::tion , will :,1111'(' tl>e rc:;h trant~ in on .. of four class~s . In C1a,;:; I will b.1 those llho are available for iro'"l(ldiate service; in Class II, t!l'J~': ,rho J!'~ dderr_,d b<lcausc of t he essen­tial chr.ractcr of the SHvic<l t hq rr~ r"mlcrin;: in t heir presen t occupa.tions; in Class III thor, ~ in'livi(:unls '::ho Should be dderroJd because of inCiviGuals d~rend~nt u~on ~~"~ for suoport; in Class IV tho~c s;">ecUicaUy (.~f .rr ... (. by thc tcrr:lS of Lh;) I.ct .

The total nI.l.":'.!>cr of imlivLuals ne.:ced by the arr.<'G. forC~$ "ill be proratec. ao:ton;; the s~veral stat es . In this a llocation due consideration will be .:.iven t o tht) nU!'"~er of I:!rm already furnished by that stat e for our !:\ilitary fOl'ces . ·;<ithin each state a quota , in a sir.1ilar r1an"cr , will be div i ded anon.; the local boards. Thus , each locality wi ll be asked to furni sh its fair shar e of i ncivLluals for induction into Ollr arr.ed forces .

In each of Ulese local. '.Iour d areas individuals bctl';een the ares of 18 and 55 will be offered an op·)ortunity to volunteer Cor a one-:te1r ;>eriC<! of service and trainir.,; . Such a?:llicants will be accS?t~d before any other 1ncividuals ~rQ selected , provided t hey (ore suit::.ulc for mlitlll'y sprvice . It · .. ill be the duty of t he locJ.l bOilrd to s elect as =y adnitiomll indiviouals as are necessary to fill t he ,<uow. for that pl11·ticuhr nr ca .

FollOllini; the tentativo sebction of th<:~oJ individuals , a local ned1cal ex=in..:l' "111 CX1r.ti:loJ the::-. ;>h,'sically. If they a r e accC'ptcd, they ,.-ill be s_'nt fon .. ord for fin:ll :>hys1cal exan:.nation by r..<l:lical o'ficcrs of th~ i.rrr;, i!::v~' or ~-::ri".c Cons . Those y.ho pass Tlill be induct_d into th", 5~rvic .

In the r:lilit::ry service th-.;'.-: ill b~ 1nt elli;..cntl;o l~d , COI:!­forte-b l y cloth ~c , ;:ell f{·d, :mel ad~"uc.tcly ... r"1(.d <onn equipped for basic trllining . !Jy th;) t il'\.: t!k:, g,~ physi.cally hard~nod , m;;>n t ally t!isciplincd ::.nd :>ro:)crly trai.!kd ir. fund.,,,,,r.tals , the flo.: of criticnl munitions fro:1 f~ctor I to c~,..!w.t units -.;ill mact the full r~quirc!lC!nts for th ,ir ~d,·~.r.cc<i tr;;.iniru ·

In the nilitary servicc, ,,::.,ricms Iron dl \r::.lks of lif.' , rich and poor , countr1-'jr~c <:nd c1-:.-' r;;.isca , iar...;r , stu~~nt, ~.2.nu:ll laber'll' lI..'ld "hit..: colLr ·.Iork~r , -. .-HI L:.l rn to liv,' side 'by siC:e , to dC'lcnd u')on ~::. ch oth·_r 1" .~1libry d!'ills :!n'. ron"l:v.,rs , :,nr.l t o o.ppr~~i>l.tc each oth"r's di;;;nity a~ iI.;:ICric:m cithcns .

Univ!;r~al s~r\lic~ ;yill bring no';. only (;r;;>-.t'! r ;.>r",par "dncss t o ~~ t the thr,,~t of '::u- , out ,~ ·,tiri~~ distribution of tolcr -lIlc~ and und;;rstandin;; to (!!,Joy th<! bl,Js~inss or p,,::.e~ .

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-HOLD FaR RELEASE HOLD FOR nELEt,sB lIOLD FOR RFTJ::Ast

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Auguot 21, 19~1

To be h~ld 1n STluCT CONFIDI'JIC!': nnd no or lnt1mnt1on tabe pubiTiihcd or

tho nEAnINC o~ the President ' s MeSSBr,O hae begun 1n tte ~cnate or the 1I0U50 o! Representatl~es . Extreroe care must therefore bo c>.:ercieed to avoid pre­cature publlc3tlon.

Sl'E11LEJl FJ.RLY Secretary to the P!:'o8ident

TO T!IE CO!1CRF.SS OF THE UNITi:D STf.'rES :

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Over n weel: sec I held oBvor1ll irlJ:ortnnt co~er-cncee at sea vith the British Prime Minister. Deca~co of the factor of safety to Britis'!, CaTl3d:!e.n arl~ Ar.erican 9hlpo and their peroonncl no prj or (lnnOWlCcmont of theBe mcetlnen could properly be :no.de ,

At tl".e clo::e, e public statenent by tho Pr1nc !·tlnllltcr and tho PreSident >mil e~~e. I quote it for the infor::l!1tion of the Concrea8 and for the recol~:

"The President of the United States Q1ld tl:.c Pril:lc l.tinlster, ~lr . Churchill, repre~ent1ns n!s ~~Jesty ' s Covo~ent in tho Unite~ Kingdom, have roet at sell. .

"They have beon accenmanied by officials of thoir two Goven=l'ts, Inclu~ine hiGh Ranking offlcer~ of their ~lil1tary , Ilaval and Air Services.

"The whole probl= of the BUpPly of mm.1tions of var, ll.S provido' by the Lease -Lcn~ Act, for thc a:n:.ed forces of tho United States and. for thone coun­trios nctively engagod in resisting aggression has been further el'am.1ne~ .

"Lord Beaverbrool:, thc Minlfltor of Supply of tho DritiGh Covernccnt, has Joir.od in theBo conferences . He 18 going to proceed to t.'ashington to di~cU9S furU:er det4lls with approl'rinto offiCials of the United States Government. TheBe conferencee vill olso cover thc supply prebleI:1S of the Soviot Union.

"The Pre~idcnt end tho Pr1= Hinister havo hOod 8evol'al conferonces. They have considored the dangors to vorld cjvilization ~risin6 from tho policies of ml1tary dOmination by conquest upon which the Ritlorite govc~nt of Cc~ and other Sovernocnts ossociated therovith l'.ave omb=ked, and havo =de clear the stepe which thai." countrios arc respectively taking for thoir sa.fcty in tho fece o~ those d!ul8Ors.

"They have agreed upon the following joint doclGrntial :

"Joint decloration of the Presidont of the! Unitod Statos of Arorlea Md t~c Prmo 1.'1niskr, !~ . ChUl't'iI111, represonting ilis Mujesty' n Governt".cnt in t~,o United KingdOI:l, bcinc r.wt together, deem it r18ht to I!:llke blown certain eCll::Y)n principles in the national policies of tr.clr re~peetlve countries on ~r.ict tl'cy ba6e thoir hopes for a better futuro for the world.

"First , theIr countries ['eel: no aggrl'.ndlzettent, territorial cr other;

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"Second, they d061re to aCe no terrltorlal chaneos that do not accord with t h" freely- e;qlreBBod whMs of tho peoplos concomod;

"Third, they reopect the rlaht of all peoples to cl:oo~e tho form of gcvorr:::cnt undor which thoy "ill 11vo; end t hey ",ioh to lIOO oovoreign rights .mol eelt' govorIl1ilCnt re~torod to thoeo vho have boan for cibly d.cpri vod of thcl:li

"Fourth, they v1ll andeavor, wlth due respect for thoir exieting oblieatlona, to furthor the enJoy, tlGnt by ell Statos, great or ClIIlIll, victor or vOllqulehod, of accoes, on oqual t erms, to tho trade and to t he ray ~terlals of the world wh1ch arc needed for theIr oconamlc prooporlty;

"F!fth, they desiro to bring about tho fullest collaboration botwccn all nations in tho ocon~ic f161d "'ith tho object of occuring, for all, ir.provod. labor etan:iards, econonlc advo.nce=nt and soclal eccurlty;

"Sixth, nftor the fir.al destruction of the Na~i t yranny, they hope t o sec established a peace which vil1 offo~i to all nations tho ~~ of dwell ing in enfc~.y within their mm boundaries, and which vill n..'"fOI'd oosurance that all the men in all tho lands may liVe out thoir llves in frcedOI:! fl"<lln fear and vent' ,

"Seventh , sueh a to travorso tho high. seas

poace should enable all mon and oceans "lthout hin~anco ;

"Zlghth, thoy be110ve that all of the nations of tho worl~, for reollatlc ao well ae ep1r1tual reason9 must come to the abandonment of t he uso of for co . Sinco no futUl"e reaco can bo maintained if land. , sea or air 8.I=.cnta continuo to bo er:ployed. by nations .... hieh threat en, or =y "thrcc.ten, aggress10n outside of their frontiero , they bol1ovo, poniUJ16 tho eote.bllBi>.rnnt of II. v id.er and pe=nt aYiltol:l of genoml s(;curl t y, thl!.t the dlBeI'lr.a. -Mnt of such l".I1tiona Ie esucmtial. Thoy wi ll 11xowise o.id and. enco\U"9.80 all othor practicable =asures which w111 116htcn for peaco- loving peoplos the crushlna burdon of nreemnta .

"(Signed.) FRA.NKLrn D. ROOSEVELT

"(Signod.) wrnSJ'ON S . ClIURCHnL"

Tho Congress and the Prosident h!\v i:'lg he r ot of oro dQter­mined th.roll.Gh the wnd Lease Act on the national polley of American aid to the de~cracles vhich East a.~d Veot ere vnSiJ16 war ~inBt dletatorohips , tho ml1tnry and r.l1'1'al convorcations at these ::cet. illbS J:lOde cloo' salns 1n fu..>-therlna the effeetivelHl9s of this Bid.

F'urthemore , the PrUle Hinister and I are arranging f or conferences vith tr.o Soviet Union to aid lt 1n its defer~e against the attack r~do by tho prl~elpal aggressor of the modorn vorld - ­Corr~ .

Finolly, the dcclarotlon of prInc1plos a t th10 timo presents a £Olll which is worth vhile for our typo of c1vllho.t lon to ~oor. , It 1s se clear cut t~.at 1t 1s difficult to oppoee in any Illlolor po.rticule!· w1thout auto=t1ee.lly ad::l.1ttir.a a vill11J8l1CBS to

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accept compro:;-,1se w1 t h Na~lg!r.; or to agree to a ""rId. peace which would. give to !lazl'lll1 doclr.ation over large n=bern of conquered nntlons . Inevitably nuch e peace would be a gift to !lazieD to take breath --- lU;ncd breath -- for a ~econ:l. ""ar to extend the control over Em"oJ'" and ASia to the American Her::iapl'.ere itself .

It 1s pcrhaps unnecescary for ne to call attent i on OnCe more to the utter lack of val idity of the spoken or written word of the l:azi govo=nt .

I t 15 also unnecessary for me to point out t hat t he declaration of princlple~ includes of necessi t y the world. need for freedom of religion and frecd~ of Info~~ion. No society of tho " orld organized under t he announced principles could sur­vive without these froodOlllD which arc a pert of the whole freedon for whiCh we atr1vo .

'THE WITE HOUSE ,

Augus t 21, 1941 .

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FRAl:KLTII D . ROOSEVELT

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HOLD FOR ILI.USE OCTCl'ZR 10, ISH

'i't.e [ollo"inl ~tDtf:rlCnt of th~ Pre~idcr.t is for nlc<lSc in "~'J~,.~ "Ppe<..ri'Jl: on thf! ~trco.;t~ not c"Ilicr th:m 9 :00 1'.1., :-:.t.:" . ,

1'''4t'lrdny, Cctober 11, 1941.

':'he s:t."l; lir.J.t<.t1on "Pl'lier to ~tb '.lSI! by actio bro~dc.,~te,-" or r<:.rlio oomm.nt<..ters.

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The roun:..1n, out of e"ci, c"ntury cn~ e"ch t> .. lf-cenlury follo"i.n;. a l.&~~ark in hu':.< .. n frou~~~ ,-rcwls to c>ur, inc:~ t.'" vision <""ld th~ sacrifice .. no til" "c_~i, Vdcent cf all V.esc 'JUle ­

factor~ "r tho! r .. cu l.ttO h. ve striv~n to ... c v. r.c~ the cultur:J. Or r-<:tuial fronti, rS of c.i.vil~"" .. tion . 7" .. ; Yf;<:r corr.enci.nr Octo _ ber H, l~l is t~._ four hU~f'_(l '..nc ;i;ti~:h y~~r j:'t~r th ~iscov~ry of t~~ric. by Gl:r~~tOl'):~:' Gclur:~ur . in th.se four <no a half centuri~e, tho .. ;:.t~m r~:!'.i~r:\en 1,',6 roc_,-v.,a :,r.ti enjoyc~ O,e ift~ of Uld . orl" CUiLUL , !\;l~rio ll, ~ci"n~e , .. nd p:'ilosoplly , ',,,d h;:s evolvLd an.: nW'tuled ~ pr~ciOI$ COlltritlution of its O"Jl' , 11C1' ~.arvtls of ~ci:. nce , l;,~tinf cr~atiom· of liter;;­t.ur~ <ZlC "rt , politic1ll forus of bdldlt 'I.e &11 th~ Il:lrlC .

Sase'", on th.) i-',-£mi~~ thL1. ell ~f d,~ dJilCr~n of re" are equal in t,l,cir r.atl.ral ,-il-"hl. to t:.~ Z'ur~\Jlt of r,;:,rrifK.SS , t~.", bovlrnrrd.tb of th .. ··..,5t~rn Hd"'~p;.~r<. n.rut..llC~, no", iIi their ~~cond CErotlD"Y of ,xistt.r.ct. , tav~ ,,(VW;C~C throU,l, pEriocs of ~1.r,-,ss to 2 rres(ln~_e!::.y soL,t.;;.rity ;;.rod unity of pW'po~e n£v<:r bEfore knuv;n on lorn. ,.r..tr:c<..n contirents Of, ~o ~idt a ~cw.c ;me! y,ith bUch W;E..r.lr..itj· of con~i.'n1. . ',"cSt rolnLric1ll1. na­tions ar~ !".i.rrrlj' r..,~olv~d to ,r~~<:Cl"V~ <.m.:: d~f .. r.d thb p"incipl~s <nd tht' i:lStitution~ of r~pr~~~"tative rovernm~nt, lil>t.rtyof conScitnCL , ;.nti ~oci2.l ru~ponsibilit;,r .

Golumous (lC~~'c' t.ccon;in:; t.o th,-, idtl!ll of rciencu . On th~ bJ.~:is of ;;'~5<.rrbhc data, h(; llr;'iv"C: at ;' hj')lOth~sbj and h~ b.;n1. ",v~ry "ffort to t~st hi~ tl!~ory by (lctud ~)(pcrio:-.cnt. ':'he: si.{htint; of t:im outlin~s of l&lH~ in th~ di~t"'IC .. , on th;,. roornint; of 1.h"t l:pochru. 1.1.clf1.h of Octob"r, rovod b,,YOnd coo­t.nCiction h1~ doctri, ... th"t dry l~r.c 1.'::, b<>ycr.C: U-... oc<o<o11; and \;<. t.hl.rEby OP'"n, 1 rl<.Y/ ~v~nu~~ of h\L~.::n h. ~tory.

1:eith.r Colu.,-.bu~ 001' _ny OUllr ... ;,n 0: sci~nc~ nor any d&t~s . .,an or coloni'hr coule fer":!'>",; th .. :'1'01 r_~~ d~~tir.'cd to b~ "'."c_ by tl.~ ::',0(:5 <ll~COV_I'''C in thL 1~:;t. . tior c.:or. ", .o! th" i'r~~('nt dry forLs~, "hat [<lrth.;r r'_v.:nc,,~ will b~ ;;'Chl~V~d in th~ coo:-.in;: Y,,;I5 to',':'rci thE [obi of a -..0 rId FcrrrJ:n~r.tly:::.t fl':r..c'_ , !,"IT ... llt.ntly Jlro~p~rou~ , pcr=n,ntly free , But w~ do know th:.1. th~ conr::on 5trivinr of <.11 of th~ countrh~ of ti1," .'>f ... ric .. ~ CW) be (l po·.'.;rful f~rc~ in 1.: .... intln~t of ~tability , l)o.;llCL , ~ne! fr~~dor.l .

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